BS EN 2282-1992 Characteristics of aircraft electrical supplies《航空用电源特性》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 2282:1992 Characteristics of aircraft electrical supplies The European Standard EN 2282:1992 has the status of a British StandardBSEN2282:1992 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee, waspublished under the aut

2、horityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 1May1992 BSI 07-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ACE/6 Draft for comment 90/78663 DC ISBN 0 580 20823 0 Cooperating organizations The European Committee for Standardization (CEN), under who

3、se supervision this European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards organizations of the following countries. Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut Belgium Institut belge de normalisation Denmark Dansk Standardiseringsraad Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y. France Associ

4、ation franaise de normalisation Germany Deutsches Institut fr Normung e.V. Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des

5、 Mines Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund Portugal Instituto Portugus da Qualidade Spain Asociacin Espaola de Normalizacin y Certificacin Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation United Kingdom Brit

6、ish Standards Institution Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSEN2282:1992 BSI 07-1999 i Contents Page Cooperating organizations Inside front cover National foreword ii Foreword 2 Text of EN 2282 3 National annex NA (informative) Committes responsible Inside back cover Nationa

7、l annex NB (informative) Cross-reference Inside back coverBSEN2282:1992 ii BSI 07-1999 National foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Aerospace Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of EN2282:1992, “Aerospace series. Characteristics of a

8、ircraft electrical supplies”, published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). EN 2282 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the United Kingdom took an active part. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users

9、 of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theEN title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside

10、 back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 2282 February 1992 UDC: 629.7.064.5.621.311.012 Key

11、 words: Aerospace industry, aircraft, aircraft equipment, electrical installation, electrical supply, electrical system, specification English version Aerospace series Characteristics of aircraft electrical supplies Srie arospatiale Caractristiques de lalimentation lectrique des aronefs Luft- und Ra

12、umfahrt Eigenschaften der elektrischen Stromversorgung von Luftfahrzeugen This European Standard was accepted by CEN on 1991-05-07. CEN members are bound to comply with the requirements of CEN Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a natio

13、nal standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in

14、 any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to CEN Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards organizations of Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Gr

15、eece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxemburg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. CEN European Committee for Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Europisches Komitee fr Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels CEN 1991 Copyright

16、reserved to all CEN members Ref. Nr EN 2282:1991 EEN2282:1992 BSI 07-1999 2 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers (AECMA). After inquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has succ

17、essively received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. According to the Common CEN/CENELEC Rules, the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, Finla

18、nd, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and UnitedKingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 0 Introduction 3 1 Scope and field of application 3 2 References 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Requirements common to all on-board systems 5 5

19、 A.C. power system, 115/200 V 400 Hz 8 6 D.C. power systems, 28 V 10 7 Special systems 12 Annex A Test method for voltage spikes generated by equipment 19 Figure 1 Diagram of designation and rotation of phases Three-phase a.c. power systems 13 Figure 2 Characteristics of a.c. frequency modulation 13

20、 Figure 3 Envelopes of frequency transients on 400 Hz power systems 14 Figure 4 Unbalance limits between phases for equipment using three-phase a.c. power supply 15 Figure 5 Power factor limits of any equipment using a.c. power supply 15 Figure 6 Envelopes of voltage transients on a.c. systems, 115/

21、200 V 400 Hz 16 Figure 7 Envelopes of voltage transients on 28 V d.c. systems 17 Figure 8 Limits of components of voltage modulations 18 Table 1 Spikes 6 Table 2 10 Table 3 12 Table 4 19 Table 5 19EN2282:1992 BSI 07-1999 3 0 Introduction This standard has taken into consideration national documents

22、together with ISO1540 and STANAG3456. 1 Scope and field of application This standard specifies the characteristics of electrical power supplied to the terminals of equipment installed in the aircraft. It also defines the supply systems and compatibility requirements for equipment together with the s

23、pecial systems with constant and variable frequency. This standard applies to a.c. and d.c. on-board or ground systems. 2 References ISO 1540, Aerospace Characteristics of aircraft electrical systems. ISO 7137, Aircraft Environmental conditions and test procedures for airborne equipment. EN 3371, Ae

24、rospace series Bonding 1) . STANAG 3456, Aircraft electrical system characteristics 2) . STANAG 3516, Electromagnetic compatibility for aircraft electrical and electronic equipment 2) . MIL-STD-461, Electromagnetic emission and susceptibility requirements for the control of electromagnetic interfere

25、nce 3) . 3 Definitions 3.1 definition document standards or document giving the technical definition of equipment 3.2 electrical system (system) an assembly constitued by the sources of electrical power, utilization equipment, safety devices and all common connections of the installation 3.3 power s

26、ources they supply the power from one of the aircraft propulsion engines, a power conversion device, a ground support unit, or batteries 3.4 available power of a system the power which can be used simultaneously under continuous steady-state conditions taking account of the specified conditions of u

27、se in the aircraft and the rated power of each power source 3.5 utilization equipment any equipment or any functional group of units consuming electrical energy 3.6 normal operation this covers all the conditions of a system in which the utilization equipment shall retain its performance during the

28、missions intended for the aircraft 1) In preparation at the date of publication of the present standard. 2) This standard is published by: NATO, Military Agency for Standardization (MAS), B-1110 BRUSSELS. 3) This specification is published by: Department of Defense (DOD), the Pentagon, WASHINGTON, D

29、.C.20301.EN2282:1992 4 BSI 07-1999 a distinction shall be made: normal frequent operation, i.e. usual systematic operating conditions (steady-state or transient). Examples: variations in speed of aircraft engines and/or load of system supply from the ground. Start-up procedures are at the limit of t

30、his type of operation. normal rare operation, which may occur randomly a limited number of times in the equipment life. Examples: anomalies of load or control, transfer or paralleling of sources, normal clearing of certain faults and switching of load or engine, more significant than normal frequent

31、 . 3.7 emergency operation the condition of the portion of the electrical system remaining in service when the main power sources can no longer respond to requirements emergency sources then used are accumulator batteries, converters or generators of limited power (not considered to be utilization e

32、quipment) 3.8 abnormal operation the consequence of a failure or disturbance bringing about the loss or deterioration of the system characteristics which may then attain the limits provided by the protective devices the extend and duration of this abnormal operation may escape inspection until the e

33、nd of the flight 3.9 steady-state conditions operating conditions of the system when only negligible changes in electrical parameters appear which are not due to any variation in load or any fault 3.10 voltage values the value of the a.c. voltage is defined by the r.m.s. value measured between each

34、phase and the neutral, the value of the d.c. voltage is defined by the mean arithmetical value measured between the positive terminal and earth 3.11 transients momentary variations of a characteristic from its steady-state conditions. They result, for example, from the response of the generator regu

35、lator to a disturbance brief undervoltages or interruptions due to switching, may be considered as transients 3.12 spikes brief variations, also called voltage peaks, compared with steady-state conditions or transients which arise in the distribution system, for example, from switching of inductive

36、loads they generally produce a voltage peak and/or a wave train, the characteristics of which are dependent on relative impedances of the line, equipment and power source, and on the manner in which the interruption occurs 3.13 drift this is a random and extremely slow variation in a controlled para

37、meter inside the specified limits the speed of variation or drift rate of the parameter is expressed inHz/min or inV/min 3.14 modulations the modulation of the parameter is the cyclic (generally non-sinusoidal) or random variation of its maximum value around a mean value in steady-state conditions f

38、or a.c. power, the maximum value of modulation (of voltage or current) is the maximum difference between the peak values of the parameter measured on the most unfavourable phase and polarityEN2282:1992 BSI 07-1999 5 for d.c. power, it is called ripple its value is the difference between the mean val

39、ue (of voltage or current) and the maximum or minimum value attained, measured on either side of the mean value in both cases, modulation may be likened to the superimposition of an alternating wave on the base parameter a harmonic analysis 4)of this wave or of its envelope indicates the frequencies

40、 and amplitudes of its components, with a view to limiting them (seeFigure 8) 3.15 frequency variations during transients or modulations of frequency, the instantaneous value of the frequencyf of a non-periodic wave is deduced from the intervalt between two consecutive passages of the wave to zero,

41、by the formula: its speed (or rate) of variation is expressed in Hz/s the frequency, or rate of repetition, of the frequency modulation is expressed in the number of occurrences (or periods) per second or minute 3.16 total harmonic content (current or voltage) the percentage of distortion (harmonics

42、, modulation, etc.) compared with the sinusoidal basic wave it measures the ratio of the r.m.s. value of the total wave, reduced by the fundamental component, to the r.m.s. value of the fundamental periodic wave 3.17 individual harmonic content the ratio between the r.m.s. value of the fundamental c

43、omponent and the r.m.s. value of the fundamental periodic wave the harmonic analysis 4)or spectrum of distortion decomposes a periodic wave giving the amplitude of its components depending upon their frequency 4 Requirements common to all on-board systems 4.1 General conditions for power generation

44、The requirements applicable to the systems shall permit them to provide the types of operation in the conditions of use described and within the limits of the envelopes ofFigure 6 andFigure 7. Except where specified otherwise (e.g.nominal voltages), all the values of parameters specified in this sta

45、ndard shall be measured at the equipment terminals including during the power supply to the aircraft by a ground support unit, in conformity with this standard. NOTEin case of specific applications or necessity it may also be beneficial to increase or reduce the severity of the required characterist

46、ics for generators and systems. In this case the limit values of the parameters shall be the subject of an agreement between the interested parties, have the approval of the official Services and be specified in the particular specifications. 4.1.1 Supplied power In continuous steady-state condition

47、s the power consumed on the system shall be between5% and85% of the available power. In transient conditions the power to be switched shall be compatible with the generator regulation. Examples: in normal frequent operation, establishment and cut-off from5% to85% of rated power of the source or sour

48、ces, in normal rare operation this percentage may go from0% to170% (if applicable to the system overload capacity). 4) Decomposition into Fourier series . f 1 2t - =EN2282:1992 6 BSI 07-1999 4.1.2 Operating selectivity The behaviour of the regulation and the selectivity of the protective devices (pr

49、imary and secondary) shall be such that: no single failure on the distribution system shall cause deterioration of the normal operation of the generators, nor that of the utilization equipment not involved by this failure; the isolation of a fault having caused abnormal operation shall not have any effect on the other systems except a possible transient. 4.1.3 Interruptions The duration of power interruptions which may occur in flight and on the ground in the case of transfe