BS EN 1093-1-2008 Safety of machinery n— Evaluation of the nemission of airborne nhazardous substances nPart 1 Selection of test methods《机械安全 气载有害物质的排放评估 试验方法的选择》.pdf

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1、BS EN1093-1:2008ICS 13.040.40NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDSafety of machinery Evaluation of theemission of airbornehazardous substancesPart 1: Selection of test methodsLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Un

2、controlled Copy, (c) BSIThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 28 February2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 58926 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1093-1:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK imp

3、lementation of EN 1093-1:2008. Itsupersedes BS EN 1093-1:1999 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publicat

4、ion does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c)

5、 BSIBS EN 1093-1:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1093-1December 2008ICS 13.040.40 Supersedes EN 1093-1:1998 English VersionSafety of machinery - Evaluation of the emission of airbornehazardous substances - Part 1: Selection of test methodsScurit des machines - Evaluation de lmi

6、ssion desubstances dangereuses vhicules par lair - Partie 1 :Choix des mthodes dessaiSicherheit von Maschinen - Bewertung der Emission vonluftgetragenen Gefahrstoffen - Teil 1: Auswahl derPrfverfahrenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 November 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with t

7、he CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre

8、or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial vers

9、ions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spai

10、n, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Membe

11、rs.Ref. No. EN 1093-1:2008: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1093-1:2008EN 1093-1:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Types of test methods.7 4.1 Ge

12、neral7 4.2 Nature of pollutant used .7 4.3 Nature of the test environment.8 4.3.1 General8 4.3.2 Laboratory methods 8 4.3.3 Field method.8 4.4 Summary of methods 9 5 Basis for selection of test methods.9 5.1 General9 5.2 Selection relative to the assessment parameter 9 5.3 Selection relative to the

13、test environment 10 5.4 Selection relative to the nature of the pollutant .10 6 Statistical evaluation .11 6.1 Calculation of the mean 11 6.2 Confidence interval for the mean.11 Annex A (informative) Standards suitable for the measurement of fluid flow rates 12 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship be

14、tween this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 98/37/EC 13 Annex ZB (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 2006/42/EC 14 Bibliography 15 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07

15、:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1093-1:2008EN 1093-1:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1093-1:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 114 “Safety of machinery”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, ei

16、ther by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2009. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/

17、or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1093-1:1998. For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annexes ZA and ZB, which are integral parts of this document. This part 1 of EN 1093 Safety of machinery - Evaluatio

18、n of the emission of airborne hazardous substances belongs to a series of documents, the other parts of which are the following: Part 2: Tracer gas method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given pollutant; Part 3: Test bench method for the measurement of the emission rate of a given poll

19、utant; Part 4: Capture efficiency of an exhaust system, tracer method; Part 6: Separation efficiency by mass, unducted outlet; Part 7: Separation efficiency by mass, ducted outlet; Part 8: Pollutant concentration parameter, test bench method; Part 9: Pollutant concentration parameter, room method; P

20、art 11: Decontamination index. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hun

21、gary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1093-1:

22、2008EN 1093-1:2008 (E) 4 Introduction The structure of safety standards in the field of machinery is as follows: Type-A standards (basic safety standards) giving basic concepts, principles for design, and general aspects that can be applied to all machinery; Type-B standards (generic safety standard

23、s) dealing with one safety aspect or one type of safeguard that can be used across a wide range of machinery: Type-B1 standards on particular safety aspects (e.g. safety distances, surface temperature, noise); Type-B2 standards on safeguards (e.g. two-hand controls, interlocking devices, pressure se

24、nsitive devices, guards); Type-C standards (machine safety standards) dealing with detailed safety requirements for a particular machine or group of machines. This European Standard is a type-B standard as stated in EN ISO 12100-1. The provisions of this European Standard can be supplemented or modi

25、fied by a type-C standard. For machines which are covered by the scope of a type-C standard and which have been designed and built according to the provisions of that standard, the provisions of that type-C standard take precedence over the provisions of this type-B standard. The concentration level

26、 of substances resulting from emission of airborne hazardous substances from machines depends upon factors including: emission rate of airborne hazardous substances (“pollutants“) from the machine under examination, depending of the type of process and the production rate of the machine; performance

27、 of the pollutant control system associated with the machine and, in the case of air recirculation, the performance of the separation system; surrounding conditions, especially the air flow pattern, which can reduce the pollution (efficient general ventilation) or increase it (disturbing air, crossd

28、raughts); workers location in relation to the machine and its pollutant control system, and taking into account the workers movements; quality of maintenance; poor quality has generally an adverse effect on the performance of the pollutant control and the separation systems. This European Standard c

29、oncerns the first two points in this list and forms only one part of a comprehensive risk assessment. It is not for a risk assessment of the workplace. Evaluation of the parameters defined in this European Standard leads to an evaluation of the performance of the machine and its associated pollutant

30、 control system. This European Standard can be used as a part of verification described in EN 626-2. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1093-1:2008EN 1093-1:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies parameters which can

31、be used for the assessment of the emission of pollutants from machines or the performance of the pollutant control systems integrated in machines. It gives guidance on the selection of appropriate test methods according to their various fields of application and types of machines including the effec

32、ts of measures to reduce exposures to pollutants. The test methods are given in additional parts of this European Standard (see Table 1 and Annex A). 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the editi

33、on cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 626-2, Safety of machinery Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery Part 2: Methodology leading to verification procedures EN ISO 12100-1:

34、2003, Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology (ISO 12100-1:2003) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN ISO 12100-1:2003 and the following apply. 3.1 uncontrolled emission rate

35、of a given pollutant um Eq flow rate of tracer emitted (measured by emitting the tracer directly into exhaust system during the first phase) NOTE 3 For further details, see EN 1093-4:1996+A1:2008, Clause 5. 3.4 separation efficiency by mass s ratio of the mass of pollutant retained by the air cleani

36、ng system (m3) to the mass of pollutant entering the air cleaning system (m1) during a given period NOTE 1 For special applications the number of fibres or particles is measured instead of the mass. NOTE 2 The separation efficiency of an air cleaning system, as a percentage, can be calculated by the

37、 following equation: 10013s=mm (3) NOTE 3 In certain cases it can be necessary to consider only that part of pollutants (e.g. size of particles) which is actually hazardous for exposed persons; e.g. separation efficiency of a separation system against hazardous dust is measured as a function of part

38、icle size otherwise the results are possibly not reliable for health and safety purposes. 3.5 pollutant concentration parameter Pcthe measured concentration of a given pollutant in defined position(s) near the machine Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Uncontrol

39、led Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1093-1:2008EN 1093-1:2008 (E) 7 3.6 decontamination index IAthe average of the ratio, obtained at a number of specified locations in the surroundings, of the ambient air quality improvement to the real pollutant mean concentration with the pollutant control system not in opera

40、tion NOTE 1 Corrections can be necessary to take into account air pollution caused by other operations (“the background level“). NOTE 2 The decontamination index can be calculated by the following equation: iiiiniCCCCnIfama1A1=(4) where Caireal pollutant concentration measured at specified location

41、in the surrounding under the following condition: machine in operation, pollutant control system not in operation; Cmireal pollutant concentration measured at specified location in the surrounding under the following condition: machine and pollutant control system in operation; Cfireal pollutant con

42、centration measured at specified location in the surrounding under the following condition: machine and pollutant control system not in operation (“the background level“); n number of specified locations NOTE 3 When the “background level“ is negligible, the decontamination index reduces to: iiCCnIni

43、 am1A11= (5) 4 Types of test methods 4.1 General When particle size distribution is determined at the same time as pollutant concentration, an assessment parameter for each size fraction can be defined. For the determination of each assessment parameter (see Clause 3), different test methods can be

44、considered. The test methods should be selected according to the following criteria: nature of pollutant used; nature of the test environment. 4.2 Nature of pollutant used As far as possible, the real pollutant should be used for the testing. However, in some cases tracer techniques allow a more con

45、venient testing. The addition of tracer material to the real pollutant requires several conditions to be met, in particular comparable discharge and flow patterns of the real pollutant and the tracer material, respectively. Depending on the test method, two types of pollutants shall be considered: r

46、eal pollutant which may be an aerosol (solid or liquid) or a gas; Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 03/06/2009 07:03, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 1093-1:2008EN 1093-1:2008 (E) 8 tracer material simulating the real pollutant. When determining the emission rate of real polluta

47、nt without any air flow measurement, the real pollutant and the tracer material are simultaneously used. The measurements of concentrations can be carried out: in ducts together with air flow rate measurements; at locations surrounding the machine under examination. 4.3 Nature of the test environmen

48、t 4.3.1 General Two main types of environmental test conditions may be considered, and, in some cases, can lead to different test methods. 4.3.2 Laboratory methods 4.3.2.1 Test bench method The tests are conducted in a cabin specially designed to these tests or measurements, and of known and limited

49、 dimensions. The cabin contains a single machine in order to avoid any interference from other machines on the pollution around the tested machine and on the air flow rate through the pollutant control system. The air flow pattern around the machine should be maintained by the provision of specified general ventilation of the cabin. NOTE In this type of method, the conditions of general ventilation, as well as the operating conditions of the machine, are fixed and, to some extent, arbitrary. Consequen