BS 7310-1990 Specification for ion-selective electrodes reference electrodes combination electrodes and ion-selective electrode meters for determination of ions in solution《离子选择电极、.pdf
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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7310:1990 Specification for Ion-selective electrodes, reference electrodes, combination electrodes and ion-selective electrode meters for determination of ions in solutionBS7310:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Laboratory Apparatus Stand
2、ards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 30 September 1990 BSI 10-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference LBC/16 Draft for comment 89/51788 DC ISBN 0 580 18452 8 Committees responsible for
3、 this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Laboratory Apparatus Standards Policy Committee (LBC/-) to Technical Committee LBC/16, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Kinematograph, Sound and Television Society British Pharmacopoeia Comm
4、ission Chemical Industries Association Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) Institute of Medical Laboratory Sciences Royal Society of Chemistry Sira Ltd. Society for Applied Bacteriology Society of Chemical Industry University of Newcastle upon Tyne Amendments issued
5、 since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS7310:1990 BSI 10-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Section 1. General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 1 Section 2. Ion-selective electrodes 2.1 Performance 6 2.2 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer 6 Section 3
6、. Reference electrodes 3.1 Performance 7 3.2 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer 7 Section 4. Combination electrodes 4.1 Performance 8 4.2 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer 8 Section 5. ISE meters 5.1 Performance and design 9 5.2 Information to be supplied by the manufacturer
7、 11 Appendix A Outline of procedures for using ion-selective electrodes 12 Appendix B Check tests on electrodes 13 Appendix C Instrument check tests 16 Appendix D Standard reference solutions for direct potentiometry 17 Appendix E Bibliographical references 18 Figure 1 Calibration curve and determin
8、ation of practical limit of detection 4 Table 1 Values of the slope factor k at temperatures from 0 C to 95 C 12 Table 2 Applied voltages for calibrating pX scales 17 Table 3 Applied voltages for calibrating temperature-compensating devices 17 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS7310:1990 ii
9、 BSI 10-1999 Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Laboratory Apparatus Standards Policy Committee. The most practised method of potentiometry is the determination of hydrogen ions, i.e. pH measurement, but because of its importance this is dealt with separately
10、 in BS1647, BS2586 and BS3145. Potentiometric determination of ion concentrations/activities received a fillip in the early 1970s with the commercial availability of a new range of ion-selective membrane electrodes 1, 2, 3 related to the familiar pH glass electrode, but responsive to a variety of ot
11、her cations, for example K +and Ca 2+ , and anions, for example F and , some of which could not previously be determined potentiometrically. This British Standard covers this new range of ion-selective (membrane) electrodes and reference electrodes and an outline of procedures for using ion-selectiv
12、e electrodes is given inAppendix A. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. NO 3
13、Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi and ii, pages1 to 18, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside
14、 front cover.BS7310:1990 BSI 10-1999 1 Section 1. General 1.1 Scope This British Standard specifies performance requirements and other requirements for ion-selective electrodes, reference electrodes and combination (dual) ion-selective electrodes in general laboratory use, and for ion-selective elec
15、trode meters for laboratory use. NOTE 1An outline of procedures used for determining ionic species (except hydrogen ion), and neutral species indirectly, using ion-selective electrodes, is given inAppendix A. NOTE 2Recommended tests of performance of electrodes are described inAppendix B. NOTE 3Inst
16、rument check tests are described inAppendix C. NOTE 4Appendix D covers standard reference solutions for direct potentiometry. NOTE 5The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. The numbers in square brackets represent the bibliographical references
17、 given inAppendix E. 1.2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 1.2.1 General 1.2.1.1 pX the quantity defined by analogy with pH as pX = pa X= log a X , where a Xis the single ion activity of the species X, or alternatively as pX = pc X=logc X , where
18、c Xis the species concentration of X in mol/L 1.2.1.2 reference standards aqueous solutions which are the basis for standardizing the ISE cell (see 1.2.1.12) NOTEValues may be assigned as described inAppendix D. 1.2.1.3 practical response time the length of time that elapses between the instant at w
19、hich an ion-selective electrode and a reference electrode are brought into contact with a sample solution (or instant at which the concentration of the ion of interest is changed) and the first instant when the potential change of the cell has reached90% of the final value NOTEThe experimental condi
20、tions used should be stated, i.e. the stirring rate, the ionic concentration and composition of solution of which the response time is measured, the ionic concentration and composition of the solution to which the electrode was exposed prior to this measurement, the history and preconditioning of th
21、e electrode, and the temperature. 1.2.1.4 liquid junction any junction between two electrolyte solutions of different composition. Across such a junction there arises a potential difference, called the liquid junction potential NOTEIn the ISE cell, the junction is between the test, or standard, solu
22、tion and the filling solutions, or the bridge solution (see 1.2.3.3), of the reference electrode. 1.2.1.5 residual liquid junction (potential) error an error arising from breakdown in the assumption that the liquid junction potential remains constant on change of solution 1.2.1.6 slope factor, k the
23、 temperature-dependent proportionality factor between potential difference and pX for monovalent ions NOTEValues of k are given inTable 1. 1.2.1.7 test solution the solution of which the ionic activity, or ionic concentration, is required 1.2.1.8 drift this is the slow, non-random change with time i
24、n the potential difference of an ion-selective reference electrode cell maintained in a solution of constant composition and temperature 1.2.1.9 hysteresis (electrode memory) the occurrence of a different value in the potential difference after the concentration has been changed and then restored to
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