BS 6483-2-1985 Fertilizer distributors - Method of test for fertilizer distributors in lines《化肥撒肥机 第2部分 成排化肥撒肥机的试验方法》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6483-2: 1985 ISO 5690-2: 1984 Fertilizer distributors Part 2: Method of test for fertilizer distributors in lines ISO title: Equipment for distributing fertilizers Test methods Part 2: Fertilizer distributors in lines UDC 631.333BS6483-2:1985 This British Standard, having been pr

2、epared under the directionof the Agricultural Machinery and Implements Standards Committee, was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comes intoeffect on 28February1985 BSI 12-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference AGE/27 Draft for c

3、omment 83/70336 DC ISBN 0 580 14219 1 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Agricultural Machinery and Implements Standards Committee (AGE/-) to Technical Committee AGE/27 upon which the following bodies were represented: Agric

4、ultural Engineers Association British Agricultural and Garden Machinery Association Ltd. British Agrochemicals Association Health and Safety Executive Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union National Institute of Agricultural Engineering United Kingdom Agricultural Supply

5、Trade Association Ltd. Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS6483-2:1985 BSI 12-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 0 Introduction 1 1 Scope and field of application 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Gen

6、eral test conditions 1 5 Primary tests 2 6 Test procedure 4 7 Results 4 8 Test report 4 Annex A Programming of primary (mandatory) tests 7 Annex B Determination of physical properties of fertilizers 8 Annex C Optional tests 8 Annex D Example of a test report on a fertilizer distributor in lines 9 Fi

7、gure 1 Example of a fertilizer-collecting container for fertilizer distributor tests 5 Figure 2 Example of arrangement of a protective net over the containers to protect against ricochet 6 Table 1 7 Table 2 10 Table 3 11 Table 4 12 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS6483-2:1985 ii BSI 12-19

8、99 National foreword This Part of BS6483 has been prepared under the direction of the Agricultural Machinery and Implements Standards Committee. It is identical with ISO5690-2:1984 “Equipment for distributing fertilizers Test methods Part2: Fertilizer distributors in lines” published by the Internat

9、ional Organization for Standardization (ISO). Part 1 of BS6483 describes methods of evaluating performance under laboratory and field conditions and is identical with ISO5690-1:1982 “Equipment for distributing fertilizers Test methods Part1: Full width fertilizer distributors”. Terminology and conve

10、ntions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as a British Standard without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in British Standards; attention is drawn especially to the following. The comma has been us

11、ed as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Wherever the words “this part of ISO5690” appear, referring to this standard, they should be read as “this Part of BS6483”. The Technical Committee has reviewed the provisio

12、ns of ISO3339-0, ISO3789, ISO5699 and ISO7424, to which reference is made in the text, and has decided that they are acceptable for use in conjunction with this standard. There is no corresponding British Standard for ISO565 but BS410 “Specification for test sieves” is related. A British Standard do

13、es not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Cross-references International Standard Corresponding British

14、Standards ISO 3534:1977 BS 5532:1978 Statistics Vocabulary and symbols (Identical) ISO 3944:1980 BS 5551 Fertilizers Part 3.1:1981 Method for the determination of bulk density (loose) (Identical) Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to

15、 12, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS6483-2:1985 BSI 12-1999 1 0 Introduction The aim of this part of ISO5690 is to harmonize

16、 testing of fertilizer distributors in lines by means of a standardized test method which is reproducible, allowing comparable results in figures and graph form to determine their performance to be obtained. The test method takes into account the effects of the type of fertilizer, the level of ferti

17、lizer in the hopper, the application rate adjustment, the forward speed, the slope of the ground and the condition of the soil surface (bumps). Optional tests (seeAnnex C) may supplement the test by taking into account the distribution on the ground and the ease of use. NOTEThese tests may be combin

18、ed with tests on the basic machine with which the distributor in lines is twinned. 1 Scope and field of application This part of ISO5690 specifies a test method for fertilizer distributors in lines, including fertilizer distributors attached to a basic machine. NOTEEquipment designed for distributin

19、g microgranular pesticides or herbicides is excluded. ISO5690-1 deals with full width fertilizer distributors. (See ISO3339-0 for the classification.) 2 References ISO 565, Test sieves Woven metal wire cloth, perforated plate and electroformed sheet Nominal sizes of openings. ISO 3339-0, Tractors an

20、d machinery for agriculture and forestry Classification and terminology Part 0: Classification system and classification. ISO 3534, Statistics Vocabulary and symbols. ISO 3944, Fertilizers Determination of bulk density (loose). ISO 5698, Agricultural machinery Hoppers Manual loading height. ISO 5699

21、, Agricultural machines, implements and equipment Dimensions for mechanical loading with bulk goods. ISO 7424, Agricultural equipment Matching of wheeled tractors and rear mounted implements Code numbering systems. 3 Definitions For the purpose of this part of ISO5690, the following definitions appl

22、y. 3.1 fertilizer distributor in lines A definition is in preparation for the purpose of a future International Standard, ISO 3339-5. 3.1.1 fertilizer distributor in lines twinned to a basic machine an accessory which, from a hopper fitted to the chassis of a basic machine, lays down on the soil, in

23、 a band or in the soil, in one or several parallel lines with adjustable spacing, fertilizer at a given depth and application rate. For such purpose, for instance, the coulter of the basic machine to which they are attached may be used or separate coulters may be employed 3.2 feed mechanism (for fer

24、tilizer) a mechanism which takes fertilizer from a hopper and transfers it at a constant determined flow rate on to the ground, in a band or in the soil, into a furrow via a feed pipe and possibly a coulter 3.3 flow rate (of fertilizer) the quantity, expressed as mass or volume, of fertilizer distri

25、buted per unit time 3.4 application rate (of fertilizer) the quantity, expressed as mass or volume, of fertilizer distributed per unit length or unit area 3.5 hopper height the internal height of the hopper, H, shall be the vertical distance between the lower edge of the outlets and the lower edge o

26、f the top of the hopper 4 General test conditions NOTEThe manufacturer or his representative shall be entitled to be present at the tests. 4.1 Fertilizer distributor 4.1.1 Selection The distributor to undergo testing may be selected by the representative of the test office in agreement with the manu

27、facturer. The distributor shall, in all respects, conform strictly to the specifications which the manufacturer is required to send to the test office in writing. The test report (seeAnnex D) shall specify how the fertilizer distributor for test was chosen. If the test on the distributor is associat

28、ed with a test on a basic machine, the distributor chosen shall be that attached to the basic machine to be tested.BS6483-2:1985 2 BSI 12-1999 4.1.2 Manufacturers instructions 1) Use the distributor in accordance with the manufacturers instructions, which shall specify, among other things a) the max

29、imum working speed, expressed in kilometres per hour or metres per second; b) the types of fertilizer which the distributor can distribute; c) in the case where the device includes several interchangeable mechanisms, the type of feed mechanism and types of fertilizer which can be distributed by each

30、 model; d) any accessories which may be required for distributing certain types of fertilizer; e) the inflation pressure, if the distributor or the basic equipment is fitted with pneumatic tyres; f) the maximum and minimum application rates for the feed mechanisms with each type of fertilizer. 4.1.3

31、 Checking of specifications The technical characteristics supplied by the manufacturer shall be checked and shall be noted in the test report. When comparing laboratory test results with application rate and flow rate data supplied by the manufacturer, it shall be noted that manufacturers data may h

32、ave been adjusted for wheel slippage. 4.2 Fertilizer 4.2.1 Type of fertilizer used for the tests Unless indicated otherwise by the manufacturer of the distributor (comment in the test report), carry out each of the performance tests with the following types of fertilizer: type a: a granular fertiliz

33、er; type b: a prilled fertilizer; type c: optionally, any other fertilizer which the test office considers of sufficient importance and whose physical properties differ from those of the fertilizers mentioned above. 4.2.2 Physical properties of the fertilizer Determine the physical properties of the

34、 fertilizer used in the tests: particle size, bulk density (loose) (see ISO3944), water content, and angle of repose (seeAnnex B). These values shall be noted in the test report. 4.3 Ambient conditions The degree of atmospheric humidity shall be noted in the test report. 5 Primary tests 2) 5.1 Natur

35、e of tests (see Annex A) The essential aim of these tests is to determine the evenness of the flow rate and the accuracy of metering. These tests shall be carried out according to two methods static tests; mobile tests; to give the appropriate results. 5.1.1 Static tests With the distributor station

36、ary, the drive wheel shall rest on a drive mechanism. It shall be driven at a speed equal to that which it would have in actual operation, that is at the theoretic forward speed of the distributor travelling without slipping. 5.1.2 Mobile tests The distributor shall be driven at a constant speed ove

37、r a hard and uniform surface. 5.2 Distance between the feed mechanism and the surface Care shall be taken that the mechanism is placed, in relation to the surface (collecting containers), at an average distance corresponding to that in actual operation. 5.3 Types of tests 5.3.1 Evenness of flow rate

38、 The test shall be carried out with the machine stationary. The fertilizer shall be collected in containers placed under the feed mechanism or the coulters. 5.3.2 Accuracy of metering 5.3.2.1 Over a uniform surface The test shall be carried out with the machine mobile. The fertilizer shall be collec

39、ted in a series of containers placed on the ground. The collecting containers shall have external dimensions of500mm 500mm and shall have a minimum depth of150mm. Preventive measures shall be taken to avoid spillage by ricochet out of the containers, for example by the use of interlocking inserts fo

40、r dividing the container into cells of dimensions50mm 50mm, with a height not exceeding half the height of the container (seeFigure 1); 1) These instructions shall be attached to the test report. 2) For the optional tests, seeAnnex C.BS6483-2:1985 BSI 12-1999 3 unstretched net draped over the contai

41、ners (seeFigure 2). Each coulter corresponding to the feed mechanism to be tested shall be fitted with a sliding plate along the collecting containers at an adequate distance (between20 and30mm), so as to avoid catching them during the run. If the coulter gets in the way, it shall be removed and the

42、 fertilizer collected from the end of the feed pipe. The distributor shall be arranged so that only the feed mechanisms under test deliver their output into the container, the output of other feed mechanisms being deflected but not stopped up, which would influence the discharge. The distance covere

43、d at constant speed (after starting acceleration) shall be not less than15m. 5.3.2.2 Over a bumpy surface To simulate bumps, place, along the path of each land wheel of the equipment, a series of obstacles of height50mm and length200mm, preceded by a150mm ramp and placed in such a way that the obsta

44、cles are contacted at the same time by the two wheels. Each course shall include at least three pairs of obstacles distributed over its length in such a way that the distance between two obstacles is not less than4m. 5.4 Adjustments and measurements 5.4.1 Selection of feed mechanisms 5.4.1.1 Flow te

45、sts Each test shall be carried out simultaneously on all the feed mechanisms of the distributor. 5.4.1.2 Metering tests Each test shall be carried out simultaneously or successively on three feed mechanisms, one at the centre and one at each end of the fertilizer distributor. 3) 5.4.2 Filling the ho

46、pper Put the fertilizer, in accordance with the specifications of the manufacturer, into the hopper immediately prior to testing so that there is no time for settling or consolidation. 5.4.3 Forward speed The speeds of the distributor relative to the ground, corresponding to normal working speeds, s

47、hall be1,50m/s, 2,50m/s and the maximum admissible speed. If one or several of these speeds is considered unacceptable by the manufacturer, it shall be replaced by that recommended by the manufacturer and mention of it shall be made in the test report. For static tests, if the driving wheel is mount

48、ed on tyres, the rotary speed, , is given by the equation where v is the speed of travel; R is the radius of the tyre under average load. 5.4.4 Adjustment of application rates The tests shall be carried out at three application rates: a) minimum: the minimum application rate shown by the manufacture

49、r; b) maximum: the maximum application rate shown by the manufacturer; c) mean: arithmetic mean of the minimum and maximum application rates. If a mean rate cannot be obtained within the range of adjustments of the distributor, take the nearest rate which this range of adjustments allows, and note this in the test report. 5.4.5 Slope tests The slope tests shall be carried out as follows: a) ascending a slope: incline the distributor11 towards the rear (corresponding to a20% slope); b) descending a slope: incline the