BS 6102-2-1982 Cycles - Specification for photometric and physical requirements of reflective devices《自行车 第2部分 反光装置光学要求和物理要求规范》.pdf

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1、BS 61 02 : Part 2 : 1 982 UDC 628.947.271 : 535.081 : 629.118.3 O British Standards Institution. No part of this publication may be photocopied or otherwise reproduced without the prior permission in writing of BSI. British Standard Cycles Part 2. Specification for photometric and physical requireme

2、nts of reflective devices Cycles Partie 2. Caractristiques photomtriques et physiques des dispositifs rflchissants - Spcifications Fahrrder Teil 2. Photometrische und physikalische Anforderungen an Reflektoren British Standards Institution BSI BSXhL02 PARTX2 BS 6102 : Part 2 : 1982 Contents Page For

3、eword Inside front cover Cooperating organizations Back cover Specification O. Introduction 1. Scope and field of application 2. References 3. Definitions 4. Symbols and unit used 5, Photometric requirements 6. Colorimetric requirements 7. Physical requirements 8. Photometric test for reflectors 9.

4、Photometric test for retroreflective tyres 10. Colorimetric test 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 4 5 6 6 Foreword This Part of BS 6102 has been prepared under the direction of the Mechanical Engineering Standards Committee. It is technically the same as the proposal currently under consideration in the International

5、Organization for Standardization (ISO). Certain conventions are not identical with those normally used in British Standards. Requirements for reflective devices for cycles have been contained, since 1965, in BS AU 40 : Part 2 Reflex Tables 1. Coefficients of luminous intensity for clear 2. Coefficie

6、nts of luminous intensity for yellow 3. Coefficients of luminous intensity for 4. x y chromaticity co-ordinates of the 5. Applicability of specimens to the reflectors pedal reflectors retroreflective tyres intersection points of colour boundary lines photometric and colorimetric requirements Figures

7、 1. Explanatory diagram of symbols used 2. Boundaries of colour areas for reflective devices 3. Reflector test instrumentation arrangement Page 2 2 2 3 4 2 3 5 reflectors for vehicles, including cycles, and previously in BS 251 5 Reflex reflectors for vehicles, including cycles, both of which are re

8、ferred to in UK Regulations and will remain until such time as the Department of Transport indicates that they no longer apply to cycle reflectors for regulatory purposes. Part 1 of this standard specifies safety requirements for bicycles, including requirements for the fitting of reflective devices

9、. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. BSI BS*h102 PARTx2 82 1h4hh 0044032 4 BS 6102 : Part 2 : 1982 British Standard Cycles Part 2. Specification for photometric and physical requirements of reflective devices O. Introduction In producing thi

10、s Part of this British Standard the aim has been to specify requirements for reflective devices fitted to cycles so that in conditions where motor vehicle headlamps are being used (poor daytime conditions and at night) such devices when fitted correctly are effective in helping to make drivers aware

11、 of the presence of a cyclist in front. 1. Scope and field of application This Part of this British Standard specifies photometric and physical requirements for reflective devices for fitting to cycles intended to be used on public roads and, in particular, for use on cycles made in compliance with

12、BS 6102 : Part 1. 2. References BS 4727 Glossary of electrotechnical, power, telecommunication, electronics, lighting and colour terms. Part 4 Terms particular to lighting and colour BS 5466 Methods for corrosion testing of metallic coatings P.art i Neutral salt spray test (NSS test) BS 6102 Cycles

13、Part 1 Specification for safety requirements for bicycles CIE Publication No. 15 Colorimetry: Official recommendations of the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) May 1970“ 3. Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the definitions given below, together with those in BS 4727

14、: Part 4, 3.1 reflective device; reflector. An assembly ready for use and comprising one or more reflex reflecting optical units. 3.2 wide angle reflector. Device providing reflex reflection through horizontal entrance angles of not less than 50, on either side of the reference axis. 3.3 conventiona

15、l reflector. Device providing reflex reflection through horizontal entrance angles of less than 50, but not less than 20, on either side of the reference axis. apply. 4. Symbols and units used (see figure 1) A = Area of the effective reflex surface of the C = Reference centre NC = Reference axis Rr

16、= Receiver, observer or measuring device C, = Centre oi receiver r = Diameter of receiver Fi, if circular (in cm) Se = Source of illumination C, = Centre of source of illumination s = Diameter of source of illumination (in cm) De = Distance from centre C, to centre C (in m) DI, = Distance from centr

17、e C, to centre C (in m) NOTE. De and D, are generally very nearly the same and under normal conditions of observation it may be assumed that De = De. Furthermore, the effective distances may be used when a collimated system is used in order to obtain an artificially increased measuring distance. D =

18、 Mean diameter of retroreflective annulus on Q = Observation angle 0 reflecting device (in cm2) retroreflective tyres (in mm) = Entrance angle. With respect to the line C,C which is always considered to be horizontal, this angle is prefixed with signs - (left), + (right), + (up) or - (down), accordi

19、ng to the position of the source Se in relation to the axis NC, as seen when looking towards the reflecting device. For any direction defined by two angles, vertical and horizontal, the vertical angle is always given first as seen from point C point C rotation is clockwise as seen when looking towar

20、ds the illuminated surface. If the reflecting device is marked TOP, the position thus indicated is taken as the origin y 6 E = Angular subtense of the measuring device R, = Angular subtense of the source Se as seen from = Rotation angle. This angle is positive when the NOTE. All angles are expressed

21、 in degrees and minutes. E = Illuminance of the reflecting device (in 1x1 CIL= Coefficient of luminous intensity (in mcdhx) *Available from The National Illumination Committee of Great Britain, The Library, Thorn EM1 Lighting Ltd., Great Cambridge Road, Enfield, Middlesex EN1 1 UL. Y 1 BS 6102 : Par

22、t 2 : 1982 S De E leva ti on Figure 1. Explanatory diagram of symbols used 5. Photometric requirements 5.1 Reflectors, When tested by the method given in clause 8 the CIL values for reflectors shall be not less than those specified in the appropriate table below. Table 1 applies to front, side or re

23、ar reflectors. Values given are for clear (white) reflectors. Values for yellow reflectors shall be /s X clear values. Values for red reflectors shall be 1/4 x clear values. Table 2 applies to pedal reflectors. 5.2 Retroreflective tyres. When tested by the method given in clause 9 the CIL values for

24、 a retroreflective tyre shall be not less than those specified in table 3. In the case where D is less than 420 mm the minimum photometric value for each observation and entrance angle shall be equal to the value for D = 420 mm. 6. Colorimetric requirements When determined by the method given in cla

25、use 10 the colour of the reflected light shall be located within the appropriate area defined by the CIE chromaticity Co-ordinates specified in table 4. Table 1. Coefficients of luminous intensity for clear reflectors (CIL in millicandelas per lux) Observation ongle a Either O“ 12 or oo 20 I“ 30 Ent

26、rance angle 0 o Verticai O f 10 o Horizontal 0 O f 20 2500 1650 850 1800 1200 610 26 18 11 750 I 650 NOTE. Values for entrance angles of * 30“. 2 40“ and f 50“ are not applicable to conventional reflectors. Table 2. Coefficients of luminous intensity for yellow pedal reflectors (CIL in millicandelas

27、 per lux) Entrance angle p o Observation angle Vertical O t: 10 O I Horizontal 0 If 20 Either oo 12 or O“ 20 I I I 1“ 30 16.5 11.5 7.5 - O f 50 550 400 11 - Table 3. Coefficients of luminous intensity for retroreflective tyres (CIL in millicandelas per lux) Entrance angle p “ Observation angle a -4

28、20 40 50 Either oo 12 1.21 D 1.06 D 0.70 D 0.21 D or oo 20 0.91 D 0.80 D 0.53 D 0.16 D 1 30 0.121 D 0.106 D 0.070 D 0.021 D NOTE. D is the mean diameter of retroreflective annulus (in mrn). c 2 BSI BS*b102 PART*Z 82 M 1624669 004403Y 8 BS 6102 : Part 2 : 1982 Colour Co-ordinates X Y Red X Y Yellow X

29、 Y White 0.550 0.500 0.450 Y 0.400 0.350 Whitehe1 low* - - - - - - - - - - - - - y=0.150+0.64x - - - / 0.665 0.645 0.721 0.735 0.335 0.335 0.259 0.265 0.560 0.546 0.612 0.618 0.440 0.426 0.382 0.382 0.285 0.453 0.500 0.500 0.440 0.285 0.332 0.440 0.440 0.382 0.382 0.264 0.380 0.509 0.618 0.440 0.380

30、 0.408 0.490 0.382 0.382 0.337 For retroreflective tyres only. NOTE. For ease of reference these areas are shown graphically in figure 2. i 0.300 Spectrum 0.382 111111111111111 0.300 0.350 0.400 0.450 0.500 0.550 0.600 0.650 0.700 0.750 X Figure 2. Boundaries of colour areas for reflective devices 3

31、 7. Physical requirements 7.1 Reflectors (by volume). After 5 min clean the surface by washing in a detergent solution and rinse in clean water. 7.1.2.8 Resistance to lubricating oils. Wipe the outer surface of the reflector lightly with cotton soaked in a detergent lubricating oil. After washing in

32、 a detergent solution and rinse in clean water. 7.2 Retroreflective tyres 7.1.1 Construction. The reflector and/or mount shall incorporate a distinct preferred assembly method to ensure that the reflector can be mounted in its designed orientation with regard to the bicycle. 7.1.2 Tests min clean th

33、e by 7.2.1 Form and location. The retroreflective strip shall be in the form of a continuous circle of retroreflective material on each sidewall of the tyre. 7.2.2 Tests 7.1.2.1 General. A reflector shall comply with the photometric and colorimetric requirements of 5.1 and clause 6, and there shal b

34、e no loosening of the mountinds) 7.2.2.7 General. When subjected to the tests in 7.2.2.2 to 7.2.2.9 inclusive, the retroreflective material on the tyre shall comply with the photometric requirements of 5.2 for cy = O“ 12 or O“ 20 and 0 = -4“, and with the colorimetric requirements of clause 6, as sp

35、ecified in table 5. The table also indicates where a portion of a tyre shall be used instead of a complete tyre. The portion shall be cut from a tyre not previously subjected to the physical tests of this standard. The requirements of 5.2 and clause 6 do not apply to a portion cut from a tyre. Table

36、 5. Applicability of specimens to the photometric and colorimetric requirements or distortion of the housing that would-affect the performance of the reflector, after being subjected to any or all of the tests specified in 7.1.2.2 to 7.1.2.8. 7.1.2.2 Temperature resistance test. When tested by the f

37、ollowing method a reflector shall exhibit no noticeable defects. Place the reflector in a pre-heated oven for a minimum period of 1 h at a temperature of 50 +5;0 OC. NOTE. A pedal reflector may be tested integrally with its pedal. 7.1.2.3 Impact test. When a reflector is tested at room temperature b

38、y the following method the lens shall not crack. Mount the reflector in a manner similar to the way in which it is mounted on the bicycle, but with the lens face horitontal and directed upwards. Drop a 13 mm diameter polished solid steel ball, once, vertically on to the central part of the lens from

39、 a height of 0.76 m. The ball may be guided but not restricted in free fall. Pedal reflectors are exempt from this requirement. 7.1.2.4 Moisture resistance test. Strip all removable parts from the reflective device, whether part of a lamp or not, and immerse for 10 min in water at a temperature of 5

40、0 f 5 OC, the highest point of the upper part of the reflective surface being 20 mm below the surface of the water. Repeat this test after turning the reflective device through 180“ so that the reflective surface is at the bottom and the rear face is covered by about 20 mm of water. Then immediately

41、 immerse the optical unit in the same conditions in water at a temperature of 25 1: 5 “C. 7.1 2.5 -,Reflector mount alignment test. When tested by the following method, the optical axis of the reflector (excluding pedal reflectors or spoke-mounted reflectors) shall not deflect more than 15“ during t

42、he test, and shall not exhibit a permanent displacement greater than 5“ after the test. With the reflector and mount assembled to a rigid fixture duplicating the mating component or frame member for which it is designed and intended for use (including a rigidly mounted bicycle), apply a force of 90

43、N to the reflector unit in at least three directions selected as most likely to affect its alignment. 7.1.2.6 Resistance to corrosion. After being tested by the method specified in BS 5466 : Part 1 the reflector shall not exhibit any visible signs of corrosion liable to affect the integrity of the m

44、ounting or housing. The duration of the test shall be 50 h comprising two periods of exposure of 24 h each, separated by an interval of 2 h during which the sample is allowed to dry. 7.1.2.7 Resistance to fuels. Soak the outer surface of the reflector in a mixture of 70 % n-heptane and 30 % toluene

45、- 4 Test in clause 7.2.2.2 7.2.2.3 7.2.2.4 7.2.2.5 7.2.2.6 7.2.2.7 7.2.2.8 7.2.2.9 Tyre or portion to be used Tyre Portion Portion Portion Tyre Tyre Tyre Tyre Photometric requirements apply Yes, as in table 3 No No No Yes, see 7.2.2.6 Yes, as in table 3 Yes, as in table 3 Yes, see 7.2.2.9 Colorimetr

46、ic requirements apply Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes 7.2.2.2 Temperature resistance. When tested by the following method there shall be no cracking, peeling or blistering of the retroreflective material that would affect the performance for the intended use. Subject a test sample to the following cond

47、itions in sequence : (a) 12 consecutive hours at a temperature of 65 f 5 OC and a relative humidity of 10 f 5 %; (b) at least one hour at a temperature of 23 f 5 “C and a relative humidity of 50 f 10 %; (c) 15 consecutive hours at a temperature of -20 f 5 Oc. 7.2.2.3 Adhesion. The retroreflective ma

48、terial shall adhere to the tyre in such a way that, when conditioned and tested as described below, a greater force than that specified shall be required to remove it from the substrate, or the material shall break when an attempt is made to remove it. Condition the test sample for 30 min at a tempe

49、rature of 50 f 5 “C and then for 30 min at 23 f 5 “C. With a sharp knife, separate a strip of the retroreflective material from the tyre. Apply a tensile force of 1 N per 1 mm width of the strip in a direction normal to the strip to attempt to separate it from the substrate. BSI BS*bL02 PARTm2 82 162Li669 OOLi4036 L 7.2.2.4 Abrasion resistance. The retroreflective material shall be as resistant to abrasion as is the adjacent tyre material so that when retroreflective material is removed from the inflated tyre by abrasion with a wet, steel