BS 3483-0-1990 Methods for testing pigments for paints - General introduction《涂料用颜料的试验方法 一般介绍》.pdf

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1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3483-0: 1990 Methods for Testing pigments for paints Part0: General introductionBS3483-0:1990 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Pigments, Paintsand Varnishes StandardsPolicy Committee, waspublished under the authorityof the Board of BSIandcomes

2、into effect on 28September1990 BSI 11-1999 First published May1962 First revision March1974 Second revision September1990 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference PVC/1 Draft for comment88/51278DC ISBN 0 580 17699 1 Committees responsible for this British

3、 Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Pigments, Paints and Varnishes Standards Policy Committee (PVC/-) to Technical Committee PVC/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: Aluminium Coatings Association Aluminium Federation Aluminium Powder and Paste Ass

4、ociation Aluminium Window Association British Cement Association British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. Chartered Society of Designers Chemical Industries Association Department of the Environment (Building Research Establishment) Hevac Association Home Improvement Powder Coatings Association Oil

5、and Colour Chemists Association Paintmakers Association of Great Britain Ltd. Red Lead and Litharge Manufacturers Association Steel Window Association Titanium Pigment Manufacturers Technical Committee Zinc Development Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue CommentsBS

6、3483-0:1990 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Contents and usage of BS3483 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Units 1 5 Apparatus and reagents 1 6 Test report 1 7 Standard atmospheres and temperatures for conditioning and testing 1 8 Alternative preferred

7、 test temperatures 1 Appendix A Atmospheres and temperatures for conditioning and testing 2 Appendix B Alternative preferred test temperatures 3 Annex List of temperatures used in particular fields 5 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS3483-0:1990 ii BSI 11-1999 Foreword This Part of BS3483

8、has been prepared under the direction of the Pigments, Paints and Varnishes Standards Policy Committe and supersedes BS3483: General Introduction:1974, which is withdrawn. Appendix A and Appendix B are identical with ISO3270:1984 and ISO3205:1976, respectively, published by the International Organiz

9、ation for Standardization (ISO). This Part of BS3483 differs from the previous “General Introduction” in that atmospheres for conditioning and testing and preferred test temperatures are included. This Part no longer lists those methods published to date, for which reference should be made to the BS

10、I Catalogue, which is annually updated, BSI News, which announces new publications monthly, or the BSI bibliographic database “STANDARDLINE”. BS3483 describes test methods used by the pigments industry for determining the quality of its products. It is intended that the appropriate methods be specif

11、ied in all British Standard specifications for pigments. In many of the methods, the test procedures are identical with those standarized by Technical Committee35, Paints and Varnishes of ISO and, where this is so, the methods have been published as dual-numbered standards. Where the methods are gen

12、erally similar to the ISO methods, an appropriate comment is included in the introductory clause to the method. It is assumed in the drafting of all Parts of BS3483 that they will be used and applied by those who are appropriately qualified and experienced. The procedures described are intended to b

13、e carried out by suitably trained and/or supervised personnel. The substances and procedures described may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. Each procedure refers only to its technical suitability and does not absolve the user from statutory obligations relating to health

14、 and safety. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This docume

15、nt comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS3483-0:1990 BSI

16、11-1999 1 1 Scope This Part of BS3483 gives a general introduction to BS3483, which describes a range of methods for testing pigments. It also includes general information relating to matters common to all or many of the other Parts. NOTEThe titles of the publications referred to in this standard ar

17、e listed on the inside back cover. 2 Contents and usage of BS3483 BS3483 provides methods for testing pigments and includes methods for evaluating performance. Whether or not there is a product specification specifying a particular method of test, it is recommended that use be made, as far as is pra

18、cticable, of the methods in BS3483. For particular pigments, some variation in a method may be necessary and provision is made for such variations in the individual methods. Details of the variation will be stated in the product specification where this exists. It is essential that the variations ar

19、e referred to, or detailed, in the test report. NOTEAttention is drawn to the fact that new Parts are regularly included in BS3483, often implementing corresponding ISO methods. BS3483 does not, however, necessarily include all methods of test for pigments. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this sta

20、ndard, the definitions given in BS2015 apply. 4 Units Numerical values in BS3483 are normally expressed in the units of the International System of Units (SI) described in BS5555 and BS5775. In accordance with the decision of ISO/TC35, BS3483 uses the litre and its submultiples as the unit for liqui

21、d measure. 5 Apparatus and reagents Use volumetric glass apparatus complying with the appropriate British Standards. NOTE 1Other apparatus should wherever possible, comply, with an appropriate British Standard. Use reagents of recognized analytical grade, unless otherwise specified in the individual

22、 Part. NOTE 2Suitable specifications for a number of reagents are given in BS6376. Use distilled or demineralized water wherever water is specified (see BS3978). NOTE 3Water complying with grade3 of BS3978 is usually satisfactory. 6 Test report When referring to the use of a test method, it is neces

23、sary to quote the full reference by giving the number of this British Standard, the method designation and date, e.g.BS3483-XX:1990. The test conditions specified in BS3483 have often been adopted on an arbitrary basis and, if they are not strictly observed, the test results are liable to be affecte

24、d. If the test conditions are varied for any reason, it is essential that the details of the variation(s) are stated in the test report (seealsoclauses7 and8). 7 Standard atmospheres and temperatures for conditioning and testing The properties of paints and paint coatings may alter considerably with

25、 changes in temperature and relative humidity during the period prior to and during testing. It is usually necessary to condition coated panels before testing, in order to improve the reproducibility of test results. If appropriate, the test method specifies the conditioning procedure. The standard

26、atmospheres and temperatures for conditioning and testing given in Appendix A are to be used whenever possible. For consistency of testing for national and International Standards, Appendix A is identical with ISO3270. Special atmospheres applicable to a particular test or paint or simulating a part

27、icular climatic environment are not included in Appendix A. 8 Alternative preferred test temperatures Where it is necessary to carry out tests at temperatures different from those indicated in clause7, temperatures are to be selected from those given in Appendix B. These temperatures have been agree

28、d internationally in ISO3205. Alternative temperatures other than those given in Appendix B are to be used only when this is considered essential for technical reasons.BS3483-0:1990 2 BSI 11-1999 Appendix A Atmospheres and temperatures for conditioning and testing NOTEThis appendix is identical, exc

29、ept for the addition of A as a prefix to the clause numbers, with ISO3270:1984 “Paints and varnishes and their raw materials Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing”. Terminology and conventions. The text of the International Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as

30、 Appendix A of this Part of BS3483 without deviation. Some terminology and certain conventions are not identical with those used in the British Standards, attention is drawn especially to the following. Wherever the words “International Standard” appear, referring to this appendix, they should be re

31、ad as “appendix”. The comma has been used as a decimal marker. In British Standards it is current practice to use a full point on the baseline as the decimal marker. Cross-reference. There is no corresponding British Standard to ISO558 “Conditioning and testing Standard atmospheres Definitons” refer

32、red to inA.3 ISO558 is, however, referred to for information only, so the validity of this appendix is not affected. When making reference in a test report to the test atmosphere, “ISO3270” should be replaced by “BS3483-0, Appendix A”, the latter being identical. A.0 Introduction The physical and me

33、chanical properties of paints, varnishes and their raw materials are generally dependent on the test environmental conditions, the most important variables being temperature and humidity. The degree to which each of these variables needs to be controlled is determined by the significance of the effe

34、ct of the variable on the property being measured. Thus for measurement of viscosity, refractive index and density, it is essential to specifiy and control the temperature of the test portion to much closer limits than those required for the conditioning and testing atmosphere (seethenote toA.4.2).

35、It is recognized that many data on, for example, viscosity, flow times and density have been determined, historically, at temperatures different from that specified in this International Standard. In order to preserve the validity of such data and since much laboratory apparatus (for example, burett

36、es, pipettes, pyknometers) is not calibrated at23 C, specific deviation from this International Standard may be necessary. It is strongly recommended that in these cases physical data should also be determined at the conditions specified in this International Standard in order to facilitate a progre

37、ssive move towards general adoption of the standard conditons at some future date. A.1 Scope and field of application This International Standard specifies conditions of temperature and relative humidity for general use in the conditioning and testing of paints and varnishes and their raw materials.

38、 It is applicable to paints and varnishes in liquid or powder form, to wet or dry films, and their raw materials. A.2 Reference ISO558, Conditioning and testing Standard atmospheres Definitions. A.3 Definitions (derived from ISO558) A.3.1 conditioning atmoshphere the atmosphere in which a sample or

39、test piece is kept before being subjected to test. It is characterized by specified values for either one or both parameters: temperature and relative humidity, which are kept within the prescribed tolerances for a given period of time. The selected values and period of time depend on the nature of

40、the sample or test piece to be tested NOTE 1The term “conditioning” refers to the operation as a whole designed to bring a sample or test piece, before testing, into a specified condition in relation to temperature and humidity, by keeping it for a given period of time in the conditioning atmosphere

41、. NOTE 2The conditioning can be done either in the laboratory or in a special enclosure termed “the conditioning chamber” or in the test chamber. A.3.2 test atmosphere the atmosphere to which a sample or test piece is exposed throughout the test. It is characterized by specified values for either on

42、e or both parameters: temperature and relative humidity, which are kept within the prescribed tolerances NOTEThe test may be carried out either in the laboratory or in a special chamber termed “the test chamber”, or in the conditioning chamber, the choice depending on the nature of the sample or tes

43、t piece and on the test itself. For example, close control of the test atmosphere may not be necessary if the change of properties of the sample or test piece is significant in the test period. A.4 Temperatures and humidities for conditioning and testing A.4.1 Standard conditions (to be used wheneve

44、r possible) 23 2 C and505% relative humidity. A.4.2 Standard temperature 23 2 C and ambient relative humidity.BS3483-0:1990 BSI 11-1999 3 NOTEFor some tests the limits for control of temperature are more strict. For example when determining viscosity or consistency, control limits of at most 0,5 C a

45、re recommended. A.4.3 Other conditions A.4.3.1 For countries where the standard conditions ofA.4.1 andA.4.2 are difficult to maintain, and for other than referee purposes, other conditions may be specified, and these shall be noted in the test report. A.4.3.2 Ambient conditions, where neither the te

46、mperature nor relative humidity have to be controlled, but these conditions, if known, should be noted in the test report. A.5 Conditioning A.5.1 The period of conditioning shall be as specified in the particular test method under consideration. A.5.2 The products to be tested shall be placed in the

47、 conditioning atmosphere so that they reach equilibrium with the atmosphere as soon as possible. The relevant parts of the apparatus shall also be placed in the conditioning atmosphere so that they reach equilibrium. The products shall be protected from direct sunlight and the atmosphere should be c

48、lean. Test panels shall be separated from each other and from the walls of the enclosure by a distance of at least20mm. A.6 Testing Unless otherwise specified, the products shall be tested under the same conditions as those in which they have been conditioned. If the standard conditions, specified i

49、nA.4.1, have been used for conditioning and testing, the test report shall state: Conditioned, for. . .h, and tested under the standard conditions conforming to ISO3270. If the standard conditions specified inA.4.1 have not been used, but other conditions have been chosen, the test report shall state those conditions. Appendix B Alternative preferred test temperatures NOTEThis appendix is identical, except for the addition of B as a prefix to the clause numbers, with ISO3205:1976 “Preferred test temperatures”. Terminology and conventions. The text of the I