BS 2782-0-2011 Methods of testing plastic Introduction《塑料试验方法 简介》.pdf

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1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS 2782-0:2011Methods of testing plasticPart 0: IntroductionPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas

2、 last issued. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 74978 0ICS 83.080.01The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference PRI/21Draft for comment 11/30244346 DCPublication historyFirst edition published May 1982Second edition published October 1992Third edition published May 1995

3、Fourth edition published April 2004Fifth (current) published edition September 2011Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS 2782-0:2011 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword ii1 Scope 12 Content and usage of BS 2782 13 Units 14 Apparatus and reagents 15 Sampling 16 Number of test pieces 17

4、 Preparation of test pieces 28 Direction of testing 29 Test report 210 Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing 2AnnexesAnnex A (informative) List of methods in BS 2782 published separately anddegree of equivalence to international standards 3Annex B (informative) Method 508A: Rate of burni

5、ng, laboratory method(obsolescent) 26Bibliography 28List of figuresFigure B.1 Specimen under test for rate of burning 27List of tablesTable A.1 Methods in BS 2782 and corresponding international standards 4Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to ii,pa

6、ges 1 to 28, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARD BS 2782-0:2011 BSI 2011 iForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI and came into effect on30 September 2011. It was prepared by Technical Committee PRI/21 Testing ofPlastics. A list of organizations rep

7、resented on this committee can be obtainedon request to its secretary.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes BS 2872:2004, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentCurrently, the majority of these test methods are identical to the methodsstandardized by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61,

8、Plastics, and where this is so,they have taken the ISO number (designated BS ISO nnnn, where n is a digit inthe identifier) or are dual numbered with the ISO and BS 2782 numbers.Additionally, many methods have been adopted as European Standards byCEN/TC 249, Plastics (designated BS EN ISO nnnn). As

9、methods are revised, thepolicy is to discontinue dual numbering and to adopt the ISO number only.Some methods for which there is no ISO equivalent or where the BritishStandard differs from the ISO standard continue as methods within BS 2782. It isintended that the appropriate test methods, however n

10、umbered, be specified inall British Standards for plastics materials and products. Annex A lists theremaining methods and the ISO and CEN methods that have been adopted asBritish standards.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions o

11、f acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARDBS 2782-0:2011ii BSI 20111 ScopeThis part of BS 2782 gives a general introduction to the methods of test forplastics some of which are presen

12、ted in the other Parts.Annex A lists the individual methods and Annex B describes an obsolescentmethod (508A), formerly given in BS 2782:1970 and still referred to by theBuilding Regulations 1.2 Content and usage of BS 2782The ISO test methods adopted as British Standards together with the methods i

13、nBS 2782 provide a rationalized collection of methods for testing plasticsmaterials and includes tests that are applied to moulding and extrusioncompounds, synthetic resins, reinforced plastics, semi-fabricated products such assheet, film, rod and tube, and finished articles in the form of mouldings

14、 andextrusions. Many of the methods are restricted to one set of conditions, and arenot necessarily adequate for the production of design data; attention istherefore drawn to BS 4618. The acquisition and presentation of comparabledata for properties of plastics is given in BS EN ISO 10350 and BS EN

15、ISO 11403.Many of the methods are not suitable for cellular plastics.3 UnitsNumerical values in BS 2782 are normally expressed in the units of the SystmeInternational dUnits (SI units), described in ISO 1000.4 Apparatus and reagentsApparatus should comply with the requirements of the appropriate Bri

16、tishStandard. Reagents should be of recognized analytical reagent quality unlessotherwise stated, and distilled or demineralized water should be used whereverwater is specified (see BS EN ISO 3696).5 SamplingIn cases where special precautions are needed to ensure that the test piecesadequately repre

17、sent the properties of the material in bulk, a samplingprocedure is given in the specification for the material.6 Number of test piecesIt is recognized that specifications for test programmes sometimes require use ofdifferent numbers of test pieces from those given in the test method standard.For ex

18、ample, in production, a more informative and accurate result can beobtained if fewer test pieces are taken from one article but more articles aretested. It should be noted, however, that in general, the use of fewer test piecesyields less reliable results.BRITISH STANDARD BS 2782-0:2011 BSI 2011 17

19、Preparation of test piecesPreparation of test pieces is often one of the most critical stages of the testprocedure, and the specified conditions of preparation should be adhered to. Ingeneral, the procedure adopted enables a test piece representative of thematerial under test to be obtained with min

20、imal effect on the properties of thematerial. Test piece preparation is normally referred to in each test methodstandard, usually by reference to general methods of preparation (see Annex A)or by reference to standards for the materials or products. It should be notedthat, where no British Standard

21、or other recognized specification exists, theprocedure should be as agreed between the interested parties.8 Direction of testingThe properties of certain types of sheet material can vary with direction in theplane of the sheet. In practice it is usual to cut two groups of test pieces withtheir major

22、 axes respectively parallel and perpendicular to the direction of somefeature of the sheet that is either visible or inferred from knowledge of themethod of its manufacture. For a particular test, the direction of testing is thedirection of the long axis of the test pieces, unless otherwise stated.9

23、 Test reportWhen referring to a test procedure, the full reference should be quoted bygiving the number of this British Standard, the method number and the date ofpublication, e.g. BS 2782:Method 360A:1991, or BS EN ISO 75-1:1996.10 Standard atmospheres for conditioning andtestingThe properties of p

24、lastics can alter considerably with changes in temperatureand relative humidity. It is usually necessary to condition test pieces beforetesting, in addition to controlling the atmosphere during testing, in order toimprove the reproducibility of test results. As large a surface as possible of eachtes

25、t piece should be exposed to the conditioning atmosphere. Whereappropriate, the test method specifies the conditioning procedure. The standardatmospheres for conditioning and testing given in BS EN ISO 291 should be usedwhenever possible.BRITISH STANDARDBS 2782-0:20112 BSI 2011Annex A(informative)Li

26、st of methods in BS 2782 published separatelyand degree of equivalence to internationalstandardsA.1 PartsBS 2782 comprises the following 12 parts:Part 1: Thermal properties;Part 2: Electrical properties;Part 3: Mechanical properties;Part 4: Chemical properties;Part 5: Optical and colour properties,

27、weathering;Part 6: Dimensional properties;Part 7: Rheological properties;Part 8: Other properties;Part 9: Sampling and test specimen preparation;Part 10: Glass reinforced plastics;Part 11: Thermoplastics pipes, fittings and valves;Part 12: Reinforced plastics pipes, fittings and valves.A.2 Correspon

28、dence between BS 2782 and internationalstandardsThe relationship between the individual methods of BS 2782 and internationalstandards is given in Table A.1. The equivalent ISO numbers are given.BRITISH STANDARD BS 2782-0:2011 BSI 2011 3Table A.1 Methods in BS 2782 and corresponding international sta

29、ndards (1 of 22)Method number(BS 2782 methodunless otherwisestated)Title Date ofpublicationA)Alternativenumber130A Part 1: Thermal properties Determination ofthe thermal stability of polyvinyl chloride bythe Congo red method1991 (2002) ISO 182-1(Dualnumbered)131B Part 1: Thermal properties Determina

30、tion ofextensibility after heat ageing of flexiblepolyvinyl chloride sheet1983 (1994) 131C and 131D Part 1: Thermal properties Crushing strengthafter heating (heat resistance) ofthermosetting moulding material Crushingstrength after heating (heat resistance) ofthermosetting laminated sheet or mouldi

31、ngs1978 (2002) 134A and 134B Part 1: Thermal properties Determination ofthe oxidation induction time of thermoplastics1992 (1999) 140AB)Part 1: Thermal properties Determination ofthe burning behaviour of horizontal andvertical specimens in contact with asmall-flame ignition source1992 ISO 1210 (Dual

32、numbered)140D Part 1: Thermal properties Flammability of atest piece 550 mm 35 mm of thin polyvinylchloride sheeting (laboratory method)1997 140E (obsolescent) Part 1: Thermal properties Flammability of asmall, inclined test piece exposed to an alcoholflame (laboratory method)1982 (1988) 150C Part 1

33、: Thermal properties Determination oflow temperature extensibility of flexiblepolyvinyl chloride sheet1983 (1994) 150D Part 1: Thermal properties Cold cracktemperature of film and thin sheeting1976 (1993) 151A Part 1: Thermal properties Determination ofcold bend temperature of flexible polyvinylchlo

34、ride extrusion compound1984 (1992) 153A Part 1: Thermal properties Determination ofstiffness in torsion of flexible materials(general method)1991 (2002) ISO 458-1(Dualnumbered)153B Part 1: Thermal properties Determination ofstiffness in torsion of flexible materials(method for vinyl chloride compoun

35、ds)1991 (2002) ISO 458-2(Dualnumbered)230A Part 2: Electrical properties Determination ofvolume resistivity1982 BS 903 C2(Dualnumbered)231A Part 2: Electrical properties Determination ofsurface resistivity1991 BS 903 C1(Dualnumbered)232 Part 2: Electrical properties Determination ofinsulation resist

36、ance1992 BS 903 C5IEC 60167(Triplenumbered)BRITISH STANDARDBS 2782-0:20114 BSI 2011Table A.1 Methods in BS 2782 and corresponding international standards (2 of 22)Method number(BS 2782 methodunless otherwisestated)Title Date ofpublicationA)Alternativenumber240A/B Part 2: Electrical properties Determ

37、ination ofloss tangent and permittivity at power andaudio frequencies1982 BS 903 C3(Dualnumbered)241A Part 2: Electrical properties Determination ofeffect of polyvinyl chloride compound on theloss tangent of polyethylene1984 (1992) 320A to 320F(obsolescent)Part 3: Mechanical properties Tensilestreng

38、th, elongation and elastic modulus(Amendment 1993)1976 (1996) 323B Part 3: Mechanical properties Flexuralvibration Non-resonance method1996 (2002) ISO 6721-5(Dualnumbered)323C Part 3: Mechanical properties Shear vibration Non-resonance method1996 (2002) ISO 6721-6(Dualnumbered)323D Part 3: Mechanica

39、l properties Torsionalvibration Non-resonance method1996 (2002) ISO 6721-7(Dualnumbered)323E Part 3: Mechanical properties Longitudinaland shear vibration Wave-propagationmethod1997 ISO 6721-8(Dualnumbered)327A Part 3: Mechanical properties Determinationof tensile strength and elongation at breakpol

40、ytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) products1993 (2002) 332A (obsolescent) Part 3: Mechanical properties Stiffness ofplastics film1976 (1983) 341A Part 3: Mechanical properties Determinationof apparent interlaminar shear strength ofreinforced plastics1977 (1999) 352F Part 3: Mechanical properties Determinat

41、ionof impact resistance by the free-falling dartmethod (instrumented puncture method)1996 ISO 7765-2(Dualnumbered)360C Part 3: Mechanical properties Determinationof tear resistance of plastics film and sheetingby the initiation method1991 (1996) 370 Part 3: Mechanical properties Determinationof resi

42、stance to wear by abrasive wheels1996 (2001) ISO 9352(Dualnumbered)432A Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofresidual styrene monomer content inreinforced plastics based on unsaturatedpolyester resins1991 (2002) ISO 4091(Dualnumbered)432D Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofstyrene ev

43、aporation from unsaturatedpolyester resins1995 (2002) BRITISH STANDARD BS 2782-0:2011 BSI 2011 5Table A.1 Methods in BS 2782 and corresponding international standards (3 of 22)Method number(BS 2782 methodunless otherwisestated)Title Date ofpublicationA)Alternativenumber433A Part 4: Chemical properti

44、es Determination ofinorganic chlorine in epoxide resins andglycidyl esters1979 (1999) ISO 4573(Dualnumbered)434B (obsolescent) Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofantioxidants in polyolefin compounds byultra-violet absorption of chloroform extract1977 (1993) 434D Part 4: Chemical properties

45、Determination ofantioxidants in polyolefin compounds by aspectrophotometric method1975 (1999) 451A Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofacetone-soluble matter in phenolic mouldings1978 (1999) ISO 59(Dualnumbered)451B (obsolescent) Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofacetone-soluble ma

46、tter in phenolic mouldingmaterials after moulding1978 (1983) 451F to 451J Part 4: Chemical properties Determination offormaldehyde in phenolic mouldings(colorimetric method) Determination offormaldehyde in phenolic mouldings(gravimetric method) Determination ofsulphates in phenolic mouldings Determi

47、nation of chlorides in phenolicmouldings1978 (1999) 452B Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofcarbon black content of polyolefin compound1993 (1999) 452C (obsolescent) Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofbutyl rubber content of low densitypolyethylene compounds1978 (1986) 452D to 452F

48、 Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofpH of water extract of polyolefin compound Determination of water-soluble sulphates inpolyolefin compound Determination ofwater-soluble chlorides in polyolefincompound1978 (1999) 453C Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofresidual acrylonitrile mono

49、mer content instyrene/acrylonitrile copolymer using gaschromatography 19961996 (2001) ISO 4581(Dualnumbered)454G Part 4: Chemical properties Polymerdispersions Determination of sieve residue(gross particle and coagulum content)1996 (2003) ISO 4576(Dualnumbered)470B Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofash of polyalkylene terephthalates1999 ISO 3451-2(Dualnumbered)470C Part 4: Chemical properties Determination ofash of unplast