BHMA A156 1-2013 BUTTS AND HINGES《切头和绞链》.pdf

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1、 ANSI/BHMA A156.1-2013 Revision of ANSI/BHMA A156.1-2006 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD FOR BUTTS AND HINGES SPONSOR BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS INSTITUTE, INC. Approved March 7, 2013 2 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD An American National Standard implies a c

2、onsensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer and the general public. The existence of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved

3、the Standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the Standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. CAUTION NOTICE: This American National Standard

4、 is permitted to be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of the American National Standards Institute require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards receive curre

5、nt information on all Standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute. Published by BUILDERS HARDWARE MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION, INC. 355 Lexington Avenue New York, New York 10017 Copyright 2013 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. Not to be reproduced

6、without specific authorization from BHMA Printed in the USA This Standard was first published June 1969 by the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association. It was entitled, “Standard 101 BHMA Product Standards Section A Butts and Hinges.“ ANSI approval was secured under the Canvass Method. BHMA was

7、accredited on 21 March 1983 by ANSI as a sponsor using the Canvass Method. 3 FOREWORD (This Foreword is not a part of ANSI/BHMA A156.1) The general classification of builders hardware includes a wide variety of items which are divided into several categories. To recognize this diversity, a sectional

8、 classification system has been established. Butts and Hinges is one such section and this Standard is a result of the collective efforts of members of the Builders Hardware Manufacturers Association, Inc. who manufacture this product. The total Product Standards effort is, therefore, a collection o

9、f sections, each covering a specific category of items. Performance tests and, where necessary, material and dimensional requirements have been established to insure safety and stability to which the public is entitled. There are no restrictions on design except for those dimensional requirements im

10、posed for reasons given above. It is also required that hinges fit certain cut-out dimensions. The BHMA recognizes that errors will be found, items will become obsolete, and new products, methods and materials will be developed. With this in mind, the Association plans to update, correct and revise

11、these Standards on a regular basis. In most cases, products have been described in grade levels related to performance with Grade 1 being the top rating. Grade classifications indicate levels only within their own product category. Choice of grade and specific product are made on the basis of utilit

12、y, aesthetics, security objectives and end use desired. The BHMA numbers which indicate types of hardware do not identify size, finish, or design and are not intended to be used without necessary supplementary information. Individual manufactures catalogs are consulted. Users of this Standard consul

13、t applicable local building codes as to requirements affecting the functions of hinges used on fire doors. 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. SCOPE . 5 2. DEFINITIONS . 5 3. GENERAL . 6 4. TEST EQUIPMENT 8 5. TEST PROCEDURES. 9 6. TESTS FOR HINGES. 1Error! Bookmark not defined. 7. DETENTION HINGES . 13 8. ILLUS

14、TRATIONS OF TEST APPARATUS FOR FULL MORTISE HINGES . 15 9. ILLUSTRATIONS, TYPE NUMBERS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF HINGES 16 10. EXPLANATION OF NUMBERING SYSTEM . 24 APPENDIX A (NOT A PART OF A156.1) 26 5 1. SCOPE 1.1 This Standard establishes requirements for lightweight, standard weight, heavy weight and

15、detention hinges. Cycle tests, lateral and vertical wear tests, friction tests, strength tests, finish tests, and material and dimensional requirements are included. 1.2 Tests described in this Standard are performed under laboratory conditions. In actual usage, results vary because of installation,

16、 maintenance and environmental conditions. 1.3 Consult NFPA 80-2010 for Fire Doors and Windows concerning hinge requirements for fire doors. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Adjustable Hinges A type of hinge that has one or more mechanisms for moving the position of one hinge leaf relative to the other to optimiz

17、e alignment. 2.2 Bearings 2.2.1 Anti-Friction Bearing Bearing material between the various moving parts of a hinge. 2.2.2 Plain Bearing (non anti-friction bearing). When no bearing material is between the various moving parts of a hinge. 2.3 Butt Hinge See Full Mortise Hinge 2.4 Detention Hinge A hi

18、nge having higher security attributes than conventional hinges and subject to more stringent tests. These hinges are usually constructed with a maximum security pin. Alternate designs which meet the higher security attributes are acceptable. 2.5 Full Mortise Hinge A hinge having one leaf mortised in

19、to the hinge edge of a door and the other leaf mortised into the rabbet of a frame. 2.6 Full Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf attached to the face of a door frame. 2.7 Half Mortise Hinge A hinge having one leaf mortised into the hinge edge of a

20、door and the other leaf attached to the face of a door frame. 2.8 Half Surface Hinge A hinge having one leaf attached to the face of a door and the other leaf mortised into the rabbet of a door frame. 2.9 Hospital Tips A hinge barrel having sloped ends. 2.10 Maximum Security Pin (MSP) A hinge pin th

21、at has been fixed after insertion by welding, pinning, or other permanent means to prevent hinge pin removal without the use of special tools. Set screws are not permitted. Affords greater security than a Non-Removable Pin. 2.11 Non-Removable Pin (NRP) A hinge pin secured by a set screw or other equ

22、ivalent means and affords less security than the Maximum Security Pin. This modification is intended as a deterrent only. 2.12 Olive Knuckle Hinge A pivot hinge with a joint shaped like an olive. 2.13 Pivot Hinge A hinge with a fixed pin and a single joint having a height less than the adjacent hing

23、e leaves. 2.14 Raised Barrel A full mortise hinge having both hinge leaves offset to raise the barrel off the jamb 6 2.15 Reverse Safety Stud A projecting member on the back of each full mortise leaf that engages a hole in the door and jamb hinge reinforcing plates. 2.16 Safety Stud A projecting mem

24、ber on one surface of a full mortise hinge leaf that engages a hole in the opposite leaf when the door is closed. 2.17 Slip-In Hinge A hinge where one or both leaves slide into a cavity prepared in a door or door frame thus concealing one or both hinge leaves. 2.18 Swaging Offsetting a hinge leaf at

25、 the barrel so the surface of the leaf is not tangent to the outer diameter of the barrel. 2.19 Swing Clear Hinge A hinge that swings a door completely clear of the opening when the door is opened 90 to 95 degrees. 3. GENERAL 3.1 Bearing Surfaces Anti-friction bearings shall be used in Grades 1 and

26、2 for standard and heavy weight hinges. 3.2 Fastenings All products shall be complete with screws, bolts, or other fastenings, as required and of size necessary for application and shall be compatible with the product as to finish and material. 3.3 Swaging The clearance between the leaves of full mo

27、rtise hinges when closed to the parallel position shall be 1/16 1/64 in (1.6 0.4 mm) unless specifically noted otherwise. 3.4 Stainless Steel Pins All standard and heavy weight non-ferrous type hinges of Grades 1, 2, and 3 shall be equipped with stainless steel pins. Protruding heads of any material

28、 of stainless steel pins shall match finish of hinge. 3.5 Non-rising Loose Pins Pins shall be removable without damaging exposed surfaces of the hinge or tip and shall be retained by means that offer effective resistance to movement of the pin from its seat, but allows the pin to be removed by moder

29、ate force. 3.6 Options Hinges listed are permitted to be equipped with the following options (consult individual manufacturers catalogs): Hospital Tips Reverse Safety Stud Maximum Security Pin (MSP) Safety Stud Nonremovable Pins (NRP) Special Decorator Tips (see manufacturers catalog) Raised Barrel

30、Special Fasteners Round Corners 5/32 in. (4 mm), 1/4 in. (6.4 mm), or 5/8 in. (16 mm) radius Special Swaging 3.7 Templates Hinges made to template shall have dimensions, screw hole locations and tolerances in accordance with ANSI/BHMA Standard A156.7-2003 for Template Hinge Dimensions. 7 3.8 Gage an

31、d Fastener Requirements: Hinge Height +0/-0.015 in. (+0/-0.4 mm) Inches (mm) Gage of Metal + .005 in (+.127mm) Inches (mm) No. of Screw Holes per Mortised Leaf “Note A” Heavy Weight 4 1/2 (114) 0.180 (4.6) 4 in. (114 mm) detention hinge is permitted to be .188 + .005 in (4.8 + .13 mm) 4 5 (127) 0.19

32、0 (4.8) 4 6 (152) 0.203 (5.2) 5 8 (203) 0.203 (5.2) 7 min. “Note B“ Standard Weight 3 1/2 ( 89) 0.123 (3.1) 3 4 (102) 0.130 (3.3) 4 4 1/2 (114) 0.134 (3.4) 4 5 (127) 0.146 (3.7) 4 6 (152) 0.160 (4.1) 5 “Note C“ Design Options The design illustrations and descriptions shown are for type descriptions

33、only and do not limit design options available such as two or three knuckle hinges, concealed bearings and other modifications. Items of each design, therefore, that meet the performance tests in each grade category shall be a design option for the one illustrated. See manufacturers catalogs. Light

34、Weight Hinges Metal gauges shall be the manufacturers standard but not less than .077 in (2 mm) for 3 in (76mm) high hinges and .085 in (2.2mm) for 3 1/2 in (89mm) and 4 in (102mm) high hinges. 3.9 Dimensions All dimensions which do not carry specific tolerances or are not marked maximum or minimum

35、are permitted to have deviations. US units are used in this Standard with approximate SI unit (metric) equivalents given in parentheses. 3.10 Door Preparation The application of butts and hinges to steel door and frame preparations shall be coordinated with the specifications in ANSI/SDI A250.6 and

36、A250.7 for Steel Doors and Frames. 3.11 Reference to Other Standards Standards referenced in this Standard are available from , www.ansi.org, www.steeldoor.org, and www.astm.org. 8 4. TEST EQUIPMENT 4.1 Door Provide a door structure of a conventional wood or metal door that is not mortised for hinge

37、s, or a skeletonized structure having an equivalent center of gravity in all directions after weights are applied. Hinge mounting surface of a door shall be a continuous steel strip with a minimum thickness of 1/4 in (6.4 mm). The dimension from the hinge axis to the edges of the mounting surfaces a

38、nd to a plane parallel to the door face through the center of gravity of the door are listed in 8.2 for all sizes of square, full mortise hinges. Test door width is 36 in (914 mm). 4.2 Jamb A rigid, vertical steel jamb that is not mortised for hinges with a minimum thickness of 1/4 in (6.4 mm) shall

39、 be erected to hang the test door. Hinge mounting surfaces shall lie in the same plane and be plumb. Door stops or latching devices shall not be used. The door shall swing freely through a 90 degree test arc. 4.3 Blocks Steel jamb mounting blocks 1/4 in (6.4 mm) minimum thickness shall be provided f

40、or each of the hinges. They shall be of such rectangular dimensions as shall accommodate the leaves of the specimens and shall be over-sized to the extent that three 1/2 in - 20 x 3/4 in (12.7 mm - 20 x 19 mm) hexagon head cap screws plus lock washers shall be applied to each block making it tight t

41、o the jamb (see 8.2). Holes for these cap screws shall be of such diameter as shall permit 1/8 in (3.2 mm) adjustment in all mounting plane directions before tightening. 4.4 Drilling Hinge jamb mounting blocks as well as door hinge mounting surface shall be drilled and tapped in accordance with the

42、following: Template: Within .005 in (0.13 mm) of true position as shown by manufacturers template drawing. Non-template: Within .005 in (0.13 mm) of the hole locations of the particular test specimen. Both hole patterns shall be accurately placed so that hinge-pin axes be normally collinear. 4.5 Wei

43、ghing Means Means of weighing doors of 40 - 300 lbs (18 kg - 136 kg) shall be provided for heavy, standard, and light weight hinges, and up to 1200 lbs (545 kg) for triple weight hinges. 4.6 Test Door Weight Requirements1 Hinge Height or Type Grades 1 the qualifying lateral measurement is the averag

44、e of these two. At the conclusion of cycle testing, each specimen shall again be measured as above to determine the displacement between leaves and knuckles. Record measurements of wear for all hinges. The measurements of the greatest wear shall be compared to the permissible figures. 6.3 Overload T

45、est Lateral Displacement shall not exceed the values given below when measured in accordance with 6.2. Test shall precede and follow the test using the same setup and door weights as 6.2, with the door in 0 degree (closed) position, add 150 lbs (69 kg), at a point on the door at a horizontal distanc

46、e of 36 in.from the hinge axis, then remove after 30 seconds. Lateral shift of the door is away from the jamb at the top hinge. Adaptations of the procedure and limits are permitted if necessary for certain special purpose hinges. Take measurements in accordance with the procedures in 6.2. Requireme

47、nts Maximum All Grades: .062 in (1.6 mm) 6.4 Cycle Test Using the test fixture described in 5.9 and mounted in accordance with 5.3 and 5.4, cycle the hinges for the number required below. At the conclusion of the cycle test, or perform the tests below in order shown the hinges shall meet the Hinge P

48、in Rise, Vertical Wear, and Lateral Wear Tests. 11 Requirements Minimum Grade 1 Grade 2 Grade 3 Double and Triple Weight Light Weight 2,500,000 1,500,000 350,000 500,000 350,000 These numbers of cycles pertain to the specific conditions and degrees of wear outlined in this test procedure, and are no

49、t recommendations to guide selection of hinges for actual installation. 6.5 Hinge Pin Rise Test (does not apply to Maximum Security Pin hinges) Hinge pins shall not rise during the cycle test to the point of touching the safety barrier described in 5.6 or a maximum specified below. Requirements Maximum All Grades: 1/4 in (6.4 mm) 6.6 Vertical and Lateral Wear Test At the conclusion of the cycle test, vertical and lateral wear shall not exceed the values given below when measured in accordance with 6.2. Requ