ASTM F609-2005 Standard Test Method for Using a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter (HPS)《使用平拉滑器(HPS)的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: F 609 05An American National StandardStandard Test Method forUsing a Horizontal Pull Slipmeter (HPS)1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 609; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year o

2、f last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This test method covers measurement of the slip indexof footwear sole, heel, or related materials on dry walkwaysur

3、faces in the laboratory and in the field.1.2 The dimensional values used in the test method aregiven in units of inches, pounds, or degrees Fahrenheit.Alternative equivalent values are in parentheses and are forinformational purposes only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafet

4、y concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E 691 Practice for Conducting an

5、Interlaboratory Study toDetermine the Precision of a Test MethodF 1646 Terminology Relating to Safety and Traction forFootwear3. Terminology3.1 For definitions of terms, refer to Terminology F 1646.4. Significance and Use4.1 The Horizontal Pull Slipmeter3is a laboratory and fieldinstrument designed

6、to provide information about the slipindex characteristics between walkway surfaces and a test footmaterial under dry conditions only. The HPS can not be usedon wet surfaces. Slip index can be affected by surface rough-ness, presence of water, contaminants such as grease and otherforeign materials,

7、and floor surface wear over time. Slip index,as determined by the HPS, most likely will not give usefulinformation for evaluating liquid contaminated surfaces, andtherefore, will not provide an effective assessment of a poten-tial slipping hazard on a walkway surface under these condi-tions.4.2 The

8、value reported by the Horizontal Pull Slipmeter iscalled the slip index. Slip index is ten times the staticcoefficient of friction. For example, a static coefficient offriction of 0.4 is displayed by a slip index of 4.0 whenmeasured by the Horizontal Pull Slipmeter.4.3 The HPS can be used on incline

9、d surfaces. No adjust-ment for slope is needed for measurements in the directionperpendicular to the slope and when averaging four measure-ments at one location taken according to step 10.14.5. Apparatus45.1 Horizontal Pull SlipmeterSee Fig. 1.6. Reagents and Materials6.1 Silicon carbide abrasive pa

10、per, No. 400 grit.6.2 Camel hair brush or other non-static bristle material.7. Test Foot7.1 The test foot shall be Trademark Neolite5Test Liner thatmeasure 0.5 in. (12.7 mm) in diameter and 0.25 in. (6.35 mm)to 0.2 in. (5.08 mm), but not less than 0.2 in. (5.08 mm) inthickness. When testing actual s

11、hoe materials, Neolite5shouldbe replaced with the desired test materials.7.2 A set of three test feet of the same material are requiredfor performance of the test.8. Calibration8.1 Place the switch button, which is located just below thedial, in the center position. No switch is found on later model

12、1This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F13 onPedestrian/Walkway Safety and Footwear and is the direct responsibility ofSubcommittee F13.10 on Traction.Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2005. Published December 2005. Originallyapproved in 1979. Last previous edition approved in

13、1996 as F 609 96e1.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3The Horizontal Pull Slipmeter was develop

14、ed by C. H. Irvine of Liberty MutualInsurance Co., Hopkinton, MA.4The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this timeis C.S.C Force Measurement Inc., 84 Ramah Circle North, Agawam, MA 01001. Ifyou are aware of alternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTMI

15、nternational Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at ameeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend. Plans forthe instrument may be obtained at a nominal cost from ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Order ADJ12-606090-47.5Neolite is a registered trademar

16、k with Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company.The sole source of supply of the apparatus known to the committee at this time isSmithers Scientific Services, Inc., 425 West Market Street, Akron, OH 44303, withan average specific gravity of 1.27 6 0.02 and an average Shore A hardness of9396. If you are awar

17、e of alternative suppliers, please provide this information toASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consider-ation at a meeting of the responsible technical committee,1which you may attend.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohoc

18、ken, PA 19428-2959, United States.Chatillon DPP-5 gages. Later model gages have replaced theswitch button with a peak hold mode feature.8.2 Grasp the slipmeter and hold in vertical position.8.3 Set the gage on zero by moving the rim on the gage.8.4 Use a separate hook to suspend the slipmeter by the

19、hook located on one end of the slipmeter. The slipmeter shouldhang freely.8.5 The needle on the dial of the gage should be withincalibration range as indicated on the dial. If it is not within thecalibration range, the HPS should be sent to the manufacturer4for calibration.9. Conditioning9.1 For tes

20、ting in laboratories, condition test feet for at least18 to 24 h in atmosphere maintained at 73 6 3.6F (22.8 62C) and 50 6 5 % relative humidity.9.2 When testing feet in the field or on fixed floor surfaces,conditioning of test feet in accordance with 9.1 may not bepossible. The results obtained dur

21、ing the ruggedness testindicated that temperature could have a significant effect on themeasured slip index when tested at 50 and 85F. Interpolationhas not been established to make proper adjustments fordifferent temperature and humidity. However, it is recom-mended that the temperature and humidity

22、 be recorded, sincethese records could help explain potential inconsistencies.10. Procedure10.1 Insert a set of three test feet in the slipmeter recesses.Test feet can be held in place using all purpose glue.10.2 Mount the abrasive paper on a flat 3 by 7-in. (76.2 by77.8-mm) piece of 0.5-in. (12.7-m

23、m) plywood.10.3 Sand the test feet with No. 400 abrasive paper. Thesanding procedure should consist of five strokes of 5 to 6 in. inlength, parallel to the friction measurement direction, followedby five strokes of 5 to 6 in. in length, perpendicular to thefriction measurement direction.10.4 Lightly

24、 brush the test feet using the non-static brush toremove loose surface particles.10.5 Place the slipmeter on its feet on the test walkwaysurface. The hook end shall face the power unit. Be sure allthree test feet rest on the level walkway surface and not on agrout joint or other uneven surface.10.6

25、Place the slipmeter power unit on the walkway surfacein front of the slipmeter.10.7 Put the switch that permits retention of maximum slipindex indication in the center position. For later model Chatil-lon DPP-5 gages with no switch, ignore this step.10.8 Set the slip index meter on zero by rotating

26、the bezeluntil pointer meets zero on dial. For later model gages with noswitch, use black knob on dial to set red needle on zero withblack peak hold needle immediately to right.10.9 Push the switch on top of the gage toward the hooklessend of the slipmeter to record the maximum. For later modelgages

27、 with no switch, ignore this step.10.10 Connect the string of the power unit pulley to thehook of the slipmeter. The string should be parallel with the testsurface and in line with the pulley on the power unit. Align thepulley on the power unit with the hook on the slipmeter. Besure to keep the stri

28、ng alignment from the pulley straight (0 to5) with the hook on the slip meter. The string length betweenthe pulley and the hook of the slipmeter should not be tooshort, that is, no less than 4 in. or no more than two loopsaround the pulley.10.11 Hold down the power unit with one or both hands toprev

29、ent it from moving; then depress the switch.NOTE 1 Do not exceed 10 min dwell time between placing the testfeet in contact with the walkway surface and slip index measurement. Thisdwell time is the time needed from 10.5 to and including 10.11. Slip indexshould be measured within 30 min after sanding

30、 and brushing, detailed in10.3 and10.11.NOTE 1Total weight of slipmeter less power unit is 5.95 6 0.07 lb (2700 6 34 g). Speed of power unit is 3.5 6 0.5 in./min. Later model ChatillonDPP-5 gages do not have a switch. Peak hold feature is found in the gage dial.FIG. 1 Horizontal Pull SlipmeterF60905

31、210.12 Switch off the power unit when the slipmeter beginsto move.10.13 Record the peak slip index reading shown on the slipindex gage (position of black needle). Record slip indexreadings in excess of 8 as 8.10.14 Repeat 10.5 through 10.13 for a total of four times foreach location. Rotate the slip

32、meter 90 in the same direction(clockwise or counterclockwise) after each time.11. Report11.1 The recording of the following items is recommended.11.1.1 Client/customer.11.1.2 Location/address.11.1.3 Date and time of test(s).11.1.4 Cite ASTM Test Method F 609 was used.11.1.5 Name of HPS slipmeter ope

33、rator.11.1.6 Address and telephone number of operator.11.1.7 Brand, model, and serial number of HPS slipmeterused.11.1.8 Test foot preparation protocol.11.1.9 Specific floor location and orientation of HPS slip-meter where test was performed.11.1.10 Type of test foot material.11.1.11 Slope of surfac

34、e tested.11.1.12 Floor material and texture. Provide details of groutjoints and floor texture for tile and brick floors, and so forth.11.1.13 Floor FinishIndicate type of finish (for example,wax, polish, or paint) applied, if any, and condition of thefinish.11.1.14 Floor ConditionsIndicate surface c

35、ondition.11.1.15 Indicate dry testing.11.1.16 Temperature and relative humidity (if relevant).11.1.17 Record each slip index reading, and record theaverage of four readings under dry conditions.11.1.18 Provide any comments relative to testing.12. Precision and Bias612.1 Six laboratories participated

36、 in the precision and biastesting using Trademark Neolite5Test Liner under dry condi-tions with six floor materials which represented typical floormaterials used. There were 16 determinations, four in eachdirection, for each floor material. The values displayed beloware slip index that are ten times

37、 static friction coefficient. Thevalues of Sr and SR are the standard deviations for therepeatability and reproducibility, respectively, determined inaccordance with Practice E 691. The values of r and R specifythe 95 % repeatability and reproducibility limits, respectively,for each material.Materia

38、l Average Sr SR r RGlazed ceramic 9.3344 0.3781 0.9670 1.0585 2.7077OVCT 8.7917 0.6597 1.1251 1.8472 3.1502Glazed porcelain 8.3396 03753 0.7738 1.0507 2.1665Red quarry 8.1667 0.2861 0.5416 0.8012 1.5164Unglazed porcelainA8.1427 0.2400 0.5233 0.6721 1.4653Glazed ceramic roughA8.5469 0.2888 0.6692 0.8

39、087 1.8738ARandom texture pattern12.2 BiasThe bias for the HPS is yet to be determined.13. Keywords13.1 shoe heel; shoe soling; slip index; static coefficient offrictionASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin

40、this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must

41、 be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of ther

42、esponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700,

43、 West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).6Supporting data are available from ASTM Headquarters. Request RRF-13:1001.F609053