ASTM F2011-2002(2010) Standard Specification for Safety and Performance of Fun-Karts《游乐车安全和性能的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: F2011 02 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Specification forSafety and Performance of Fun-Karts1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2011; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisi

2、on. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This specification relates to the safety performancespecifications for commercially manufactured fun-karts in-tended for private

3、use, on suitable off-road terrain, by consum-ers.1.2 This specification is intended to reduce hazards, otherthan those inherent in the sport of fun-karting, to the users offun-karts during normal intended use by specifying perfor-mance standards of manufacturing.1.3 This specification applies to fun

4、-karts for private useand does not apply to concession, race, home-made, consumer-modified fun-karts, fun-karts that are pedal-powered, unpow-ered fun-karts, or fun-karts, which are used for commercialpurposes.1.4 This specification recognizes that there are operationalhazards relating to fun-karts,

5、 which operators and passengersare deemed to have accepted by their use and operation of thefun-kart including, but not limited to, falling out, running into,through, under or over objects, upsetting the fun-kart, generaloperator recklessness, pinches, scratches, or bruises, or acombination thereof.

6、1.5 This specification does not cover labeling, maintenance,or use. For use and maintenance, see Safety Guide F1928.1.6 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regardedas standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematicalconversions to SI units that are provided for information onlya

7、nd are not considered standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2F1928 Safety Guide for Consumer Recreational Use ofFun-Karts2.2 CPSA Document:3CFR 1303 Ban of Lead-Containing Paint2.3 FMVSS Standards:3FMVSS 571.209 Seat Belt Assemblies2.4 SAE Standard:4SAE J 386 Operator Restraint Systems

8、for Off-Road WorkMachines2.5 ANSI Standard:5ANSI/OPEI B71.1 Safety Specification for Power LawnTractors3. Terminology3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.1.1 axle guard, na device that covers the drive axle onfun-karts so that the possibility of injury resulting from hand,hair, loose

9、 clothing, or body parts contacting the axle isreduced.3.1.2 brush bars, nany device supplied by the manufac-turer intended to deflect loose vegetation from the path of thefun-kart operator, and passenger in two-seat fun-karts.3.1.3 control pedal pivot, nthe center point about whichthe control pedal

10、 rotates. Excluded from this definition are anycontrol device(s) attached to the pedal itself.3.1.4 deck plates, na form of guarding through the use ofrelatively flat barriers to cover rotating components.3.1.5 engine stop switch, na toggle switch, or othertwo-position positively engaging switch, wh

11、ich when activatedcauses the engine to stop or not operate, or both.3.1.6 engine throttle system, nthe throttle mechanismattached to the engine, as provided by the engine manufacturer.3.1.7 fun-kart, na motorized vehicle with four wheels,excluding vehicles which the operator, and passenger, if any,

12、sitastride, sold commercially as consumer goods and intended forprivate personal recreational use by consumers for off-road useon suitable terrain, as recommended by the manufacturer, atmaximum speeds over 12 mph (19.3 km/h) but not exceeding40 mph (64.4 km/h).3.1.8 fun-kart accelerator system, nthe

13、 mechanical sys-tem, that is, accelerator pedal, actuation rod or linkage, whichis separate from the engine throttle system, and which is usedto control the throttle position of the fun-kart engine.1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 onConsumer Products and is the dir

14、ect responsibility of Subcommittee F15.41 on FunKarts.Current edition approved March 1, 2010. Published May 2010. Originallyapproved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as F2011 02e1. DOI:10.1520/F2011-02R10.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact

15、ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Code of Federal Regulations, available from U.S. Government Printing Office,Washington, DC 20402.4Available from SAE International (SAE), 40

16、0 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale,PA 15096-0001, http:/www.sae.org.5Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http:/www.ansi.org.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United S

17、tates.3.1.9 locking fastener, nincludes prevailing torque lock-nuts, cotter pins, serrated surface lock nuts, pal nuts, safetywire and similar hardware intended to prevent unintendedloosening when properly used.3.1.10 normally-seated position, nsee Safety GuideF1928 for specifics.3.1.11 over center,

18、 na condition where the steering link-ages bind when the pitman arm is allowed to travel beyond itsnormal range of motion.3.1.12 pan, nthe barrier surface extending forward fromin front of the seat to where the operator/passengers rest theirfeet.3.1.13 pitman arm, nthe link between the steering colu

19、mnand the tie rod(s).3.1.14 throttle stop, na device used to limit the travel ofthe accelerator system.3.1.15 two-seat fun-kart, na fun-kart with designed seat-ing to accommodate one operator and one passenger.4. Fun-Kart Frame4.1 Each fun-kart shall be equipped with a floor pan with thefollowing ch

20、aracteristics:4.1.1 The back-edge of the pan shall extend to a point thata 1 in. (25 mm) dowel rod between the back of the pan and thefront of the seat bottom or its attachment point, with the seat ina full backward position, shall be a maximum of 90 off ofvertical (see Fig. 1).4.1.2 The front-edge

21、of the pan shall extend, at a minimum,to a point in front of the operators heel position, with theoperator normally seated and able to operate the foot pedalcontrols.4.1.3 The pan shall be solid and uninterrupted (comprised ofone or more pieces).4.1.4 The width of the pan (see Fig. 2) shall include

22、anyframe rails to which it is mounted, provided there is no verticalgap between the edge of the pan and the frame rails.4.1.5 The seat shall be centered laterally over the pan.4.1.6 The pan on single-seat fun-karts must be at least 14 in.(356 mm) wide at its rear-edge.4.1.7 The pan on two-seat fun-k

23、arts must be at least 20 in.(508 mm) wide at its rear-edge.4.2 Seating:4.2.1 Fun-karts shall be equipped with a rigid device, alongthe outer edges of the fun-kart, either integral with the seatitself or located in the frame of the fun-kart, to help maintainthe operators/passengers position in the se

24、at about a lateralaxis of the fun-kart. This device shall extend, at a minimum,the full depth of the base of the seat. On fun-karts equippedwith adjustable seats, the device shall extend throughout allseat positions or be mounted to the seat itself.4.2.2 The seat shall not extend more than 3-12 in.

25、(90 mm)per side over the pan.FIG. 1 Diagram of Fun-Kart FrameF2011 02 (2010)24.2.3 On two-seat fun-karts, the steering wheel center shallbe located within 3 in. (76 mm) of the center line of the seatingposition of the fun-karts operator, when seated in a normaloperating position.4.3 Steering Support

26、 Columns:4.3.1 On fun-karts equipped with steering column supportof less than 4 in. (102 mm) of width, measured at a point 2 in.(51 mm) below lower edge of the steering wheel, the steeringwheel support shall be padded.4.3.2 No support column shall have a stop switch or otherdevice projecting from th

27、e surface facing the operator, unless itis at or above a horizontal parallel plane measured at a point 2in. (51 mm) below the lower edge of the steering wheel.4.4 Sharp edge test (Reserved).4.5 Fun-kart steering mechanisms shall be designed, suchthat the mechanism cannot go into an “over center” con

28、dition.4.6 The rear of fun-karts shall be designed to prevent anycontact with the fuel tank, carburetor, or battery should the kartbe backed straight into a vertical wall at a speed of 2 mph (3.2km/h).4.7 A front bumper assembly, or the fun-kart frame itself,shall extend in front of the steering tie

29、 rods.5. Fun-Kart Controls5.1 Fun-karts, or their control pedals, or both, when prop-erly used, shall be designed to help retain the operators feetinside the kart.5.2 Each control pedal pivot shall be of such a design thatover-tightening the fastening mechanism will not result inbinding of the pivot

30、.5.3 In two-seat fun-karts, the kart shall be equipped withdevices that are designed, when properly used, to help keep thepassengers feet:5.3.1 Clear of the fun-karts steering mechanism and controlpedals, and5.3.2 Inside the fun-kart.5.4 Control Pedal Positions:5.4.1 On fun-karts equipped with pedal

31、 controls, the con-trols shall be located as follows:5.4.1.1 The accelerator pedal shall be to the right of theoperators seated position and operated by the right foot.5.4.1.2 The brake pedal shall be to the left of the operatorsseated position and operated by the left foot.5.4.1.3 Any other configu

32、ration of accelerator and brakelocation shall be labeled clearly and plainly.5.4.2 With the seat in its full-forward position, there shall beno less than 28 in. (711 mm) between the forward position ofthe seat back to the pedals at their fully engaged position.5.4.3 In two-seat fun-karts, any contro

33、l pedal located in themiddle of the kart shall be located within 3 in. (76 mm) of thecenter line of the kart.5.5 There shall be a remote engine stop switch, with theoperating characteristics specified in 3.1.5, located on thesteering wheel or steering column, as directed in 4.3.2, andeasily accessib

34、le by the operator.5.6 Fun-Kart Accelerator System:5.6.1 There shall be a return spring attached to the accel-erators actuating mechanism, that is, accelerator pedal, actua-tion rod or linkage.5.6.2 There shall be a stop to limit the travel of theaccelerator actuation mechanism. This stop must be ex

35、ternal ofthe engine and its throttle mechanism.5.7 The attachment point of the steering tie rod to thepitman arm shall be no lower than at the center line of the frontaxle assembly, unless appropriately guarded to help preventdamage to the steering mechanism from contact with theground.6. Tire Capac

36、ity6.1 In specifying tires for use on fun-karts, manufacturersshall specify a tire that has a load bearing capacity, at aminimum, of the maximum gross vehicle weight of thefun-kart divided by four.7. Paint7.1 Paint on fun-karts shall comply with the lead contentprovisions of 16 CFR 1303.8. Electrica

37、l8.1 On fun-karts equipped with batteries, or electrical sys-tems, or both:8.1.1 The battery compartment shall be marked perma-nently to show the correct battery orientation, polarity, voltage,and size.8.1.2 All vented batteries shall have a vent tube, which ispointed downwards and which extends bel

38、ow the bottom of thebattery. The battery end of the vent tube shall be attachedsecurely to the battery. The drain end of the vent tube shall besecured within 1 in. (25 mm) of the end of the tube.8.1.3 All positively-charged electrical connections shallhave insulated coverings.9. Fun-Kart Engines9.1

39、There shall be a throttle return spring as part of theengine throttle system.9.2 Fun-kart engine exhaust systems shall be equipped witha heat guard.FIG. 2 Floor Pan Width MeasurementF2011 02 (2010)39.3 There shall be an engine mounted stop switch with theoperating characteristics specified in 3.1.5.

40、9.4 Fun-kart engine rewind starter assemblies shall beguarded.9.5 Engine standards are currently under development. Thisarea is reserved for standards, test methods, or prints, or acombination thereof, to be incorporated at a later date. Themethods, or prints, or both will be a part of this specific

41、ation.10. Shields and Guards10.1 All power-driven shafts, brakes, chains, belts, gears,sprockets, and pulleys (excluding tires, wheels, outer ends ofthe axles and cooling openings on the engine) on fun-kartsmanufactured after July 1, 2003 shall be guarded as follows:10.1.1 Guards for the rotating co

42、mponents outlined in 10.1shall be permitted to have multiple holes each no larger than0.05 in.2(32 mm2) area.10.1.2 Guard all live axles and jack shafts, including theends of any jack shaft.10.1.2.1 If floating axle guards are used, they will operateindependently of the axle and the axle-mounted com

43、ponents.Any end clearance as manufactured shall not exceed18 in. (3.2mm) of total end play.10.1.3 All guards and shields for pulleys and sprockets shallbe secured permanently or attached in order to prevent theirremoval from the kart without tools. The fasteners for thoseguards and shields shall be

44、reusable.10.1.4 Nip and pinch point hazards related to power drivengears, friction drives and brake components, belts, chains, andidlers as well as hazards related to the faces of pulleys, discs,drums, sprockets, and gears shall be guarded by location orotherwise guarded to prevent inadvertent conta

45、ct by the opera-tor, and passenger on two seat karts, during normal seating,starting of the engine, and operation of the kart.A component will be considered sufficiently guarded if itcannot be contacted with probe as shown in Fig. 3 when testedin accordance with 10.1.4.1.These guarding requirements

46、do not pertain to contactduring maintenance activities.These guarding requirements are in addition to the hairentanglement test set out in 10.1.5.10.1.4.1 (WarningThe following procedures should notbe conducted with the engine running.) Insert the probe (seeFig. 3) into all openings to its maximum d

47、epth (4 in. (102 mm)or until a force of 1 lb (4.5 n) is attained. As the probe isinserted, rotate and position it in all possible angles within theopening, attempting to contact the part or parts under test. Thefinger probe shall not be inserted beyond the length of theprobe (4 in. (102 mm). Probe c

48、annot contact any rotatingcomponent.10.1.4.2 The hazards shall be considered “guarded by loca-tion” if one of the following applies:(1) The hazard is covered by other parts or components ofthe kart, or because of its location, cannot be contacted with thefinger probe shown in Fig. 3 (see ANSI/OPEI B

49、71.1, 1998)while maneuvering the probe in any manner; or(2) The hazard is under and within the perimeter of thechassis components, such that the hazard cannot be reachedwith the finger probe shown in Fig. 3 (see ANSI/OPEI B71.1,1998) while maneuvering the probe as follows:(a) From above the chassis, downward through openingsin or between the components; and(b) Underneath the chassis components, allowing onlyhorizontal or downward probe movement, or both.(3) The hazard does not rotate when the kart is stationary andthe operator, and passenger in a t