ASTM E1701-1995(2005) Standard Classification for Serviceability of an Office Facility for Manageability《可管理性的办公设备的适用性标准分类》.pdf

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1、Designation: E 1701 95 (Reapproved 2005)An American National StandardStandard Classification forServiceability of an Office Facility for Manageability1,2This standard is issued under the fixed designation E 1701; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption

2、 or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This classification covers pairs of scales (see Figs. 1-8)for classifying a

3、n aspect of the serviceability of an officefacility, that is, the capability of an office facility to meetcertain possible requirements for manageability.1.2 Within that aspect of serviceability, each pair of scales(see Figs. 1-8) are for classifying one topic of serviceability.Each paragraph in an

4、Occupant Requirement Scale summarizesone level of serviceability on that topic, which occupants mightrequire. The matching entry in the facility rating scale is atranslation of the requirement into a description of certainfeatures of a facility which, taken in combination, indicate thatthe facility

5、is likely to meet that level of required serviceability.1.3 The entries in the Facility Rating Scale (see Figs. 1-8)are indicative and not comprehensive. They are for quickscanning, to estimate approximately, quickly, and economi-cally, how well an office facility is likely to meet the needs ofone o

6、r another type of occupant group, over time. The entriesare not for measuring, knowing, or evaluating how an officefacility is performing.1.4 This classification can be used to estimate the level ofserviceability of an existing facility. It can also be used toestimate the serviceability of a facilit

7、y that has been plannedbut not yet built, such as one for which single-line drawingsand outline specifications have been prepared.1.5 This classification indicates what would cause a facilityto be rated at a certain level of serviceability, but does not statehow to conduct a serviceability rating no

8、r how to assign aserviceability score. That information is found in PracticeE 1334. The scales in Figs. 1-8 are complimentary to andcompatible with Practice E 1334. Each requires the other.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:E 631 Terminology of Building Constructions3E 1334 Practice for Ratin

9、g the Serviceability of a Buildingor Building-Related Facility3E 1679 Practice for Rating Serviceability of a Building orBuilding-Related Facility32.2 ISO Documents:4ISO 6240 International Standard, Performance Standards inBuildingContents and PresentationISO/DIS 7162 Draft International Standard, P

10、erformanceStandards in BuildingContents and Format of Standardsfor Evaluation of PerformanceISO/DIS 7164 Draft International Standard, PerformanceStandards in BuildingDefinitions and Means of Expres-sion for the Performance of a Whole Building3. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 facility, na physical

11、 setting used to serve a specificpurpose.3.1.1.1 DiscussionA facility may be within a building, ora whole building, or a building with its site and surroundingenvironment; or it may be a construction that is not a building.The term encompasses both the physical object and its use.3.1.2 facility serv

12、iceabilitythe capability of a facility toperform the function(s) for which it is designed, used, orrequired to be used.3.1.2.1 DiscussionThe scope of this performance is of thefacility as a system, including its subsystems, components, andmaterials and their interactions, such as acoustical, hydroth

13、er-mal, air purity, and economic; and of the relative importance ofeach performance requirement.1This classification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E06 onPerformance of Buildings and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E06.25on Whole Buildings and Facilities.Current edition app

14、roved May 1, 2005. Published May 2005. )riginally approvedin 1995. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as E 1701 95 (1999).2Portions of this document are based on material originally prepared by theInternational Centre for Facilities (ICF) and r 1993 by ICF and Minister of PublicWorks and Governm

15、ent Services Canada. Their cooperation in the development ofthis standard is acknowledged.3For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Sum

16、mary page onthe ASTM website.4Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.FIG. 1 Scale B.2.1 for Reliability of External Su

17、pplyE 1701 95 (2005)23.1.3 offcea place, such as a room, suite, or building, inwhich business, clerical, or professional activities are con-ducted.3.1.4 For standard definitions of additional terms applicableto this classification, as well as those in 3.1.1-3.1.3, seeTerminology E 631.4. Significanc

18、e and Use4.1 Each facility rating scale in this classification (see Figs.1-8) provides a means to estimate the level of serviceability ofa building or facility for one topic of serviceability, and tocompare that level against the level of any other building orfacility.4.2 This classification can be

19、used for comparing how welldifferent buildings or facilities meet a particular requirementfor serviceability. It is applicable despite differences suchaslocation, structure, mechanical systems, age, and buildingshape.4.3 This classification can be used to estimate the amount ofvariance of serviceabi

20、lity from target or from requirement, fora single office facility, or within a group of office facilities.4.4 This classification can be used to estimate the following:4.4.1 Serviceability of an existing facility for uses otherthan its present use.4.4.2 Serviceability (potential) of a facility that

21、has beenplanned but not yet built.FIG. 1 Scale B.2.1 for Reliability of External Supply (continued)E 1701 95 (2005)34.4.3 Serviceability (potential) of a facility for which aremodeling has been planned.4.5 Use of this classification does not result in buildingevaluation or diagnosis. Building evalua

22、tion or diagnosisgenerally requires a special expertise in building engineering ortechnology, and the use of instruments, tools, or measurements.4.6 This classification applies only to facilities that arebuilding constructions, or parts thereof. (While this classifica-tion may be useful in rating th

23、e serviceability of facilities thatare not building constructions, such facilities are outside thescope of this classification.)4.7 This classification is not intended for, and is not suitablefor, use for regulatory purposes, nor for fire hazard assessmentnor fire risk assessment.5. Basis of Classif

24、ication5.1 The scales in Figs. 1-8 contain the basis for classifica-tion.5.2 Instructions for use of this classification are contained inPractices E 1334 and E 1679.6. Keywords6.1 building; energy consumption in office buildings; facil-ity; facility occupants; function; maintenance and operation;eas

25、e of; manageability; of building; office; performance; rating;rating scale; requirements; serviceabilityFIG. 2 Scale B.2.2 for Anticipated Remaining Service LifeE 1701 95 (2005)4FIG. 3 Scale B.2.3 for Ease of OperationE 1701 95 (2005)5FIG. 4 Scale B.2.4 Ease of MaintenanceE 1701 95 (2005)6FIG. 4 Sca

26、le B.2.4 Ease of Maintenance (continued)E 1701 95 (2005)7FIG. 5 Scale B.2.5 for Ease of CleaningE 1701 95 (2005)8FIG. 5 Scale B.2.5 for Ease of Cleaning (continued)E 1701 95 (2005)9FIG. 6 Scale B.2.6 for Janitorial FacilitiesE 1701 95 (2005)10FIG. 6 Scale B.2.6 for Janitorial Facilities (continued)E

27、 1701 95 (2005)11FIG. 7 Scale B.2.7 for Energy ConsumptionE 1701 95 (2005)12FIG. 8 Scale B.2.8 for Energy Management and ControlsE 1701 95 (2005)13TABLE 1 Anticipated Remaining Service LifeACountBRemaining Useful Life at Least: Equal to3 = Building envelope: seals, joints = 10 years or more4 = Roofi

28、ng and flashing = 15 years or more5 = HVAC prime movers and main systems = 20 years or more3 = HVAC secondary distrib., for example, small fans = 10 years or more4 = HVAC controls = 10 years or more3 = Elevators and escalators = 20 years or more4 = Ceiling systems, including fixtures = 15 years or m

29、ore3 = Interior finishes, for example, coverings = 10 years or more3 = Operable items, for example, doors, windows = 20 years or more2 = Other systems, for example, plumbing = 20 years or more2 = Site, for example, paving, sidewalks, etc. = 15 years or more2 = Electrical system = 15 years or more2 =

30、 Life safety system = 20 years or moreAThe anticipated remaining service life on the items listed in this table should beon file, likely in an asset management plan for the facility. Otherwise, rating on thisaspect of serviceability requires expert judgement on each item, and cannot becompleted with

31、in a normal half-day site visit. If information is not available, thenomit this item from the rating, and note that on the rating form.BDo not add pro rata counts for any remaining life that is estimated to be lessthan the threshold years given in the legend. The count in this table is not a sliding

32、scale, for example, give all points or no points.TABLE 2 Causes and Evidence of Energy ConsumptionCauses of Excessive EnergyConsumptionEvidence on Energy ConsumptionAir leakage around windows and doors Expert opinion such as buildingoperator, engineeringInadequate roof insulation technical expertIna

33、dequate wall and window insulation,or noneOccupants verbal reports, based ondirect experienceDefective vapor retarder, or none Observable defects, for example,stains, icicles,Inappropriate orientation of building moisture/condensation, draftsNo solar control, or not effective Specifications and draw

34、ings for thefacilityInefficient systems or equipment forHVACTechnical reports based on fieldmeasurementsImproperly sized HVAC equipment Operating recordsPoor energy management and controls(see Table 3).Energy bills, compared with similarfacilitiesTABLE 3 Energy Management and ControlsNOTEThe first t

35、wo items go together, but a building could have one featurewithout the other:Count3 = Occupant participation in energy conservation program4 = Automatic response to user-control, for example, if windows are opened2 = Flushing program adjusted in extreme weather conditionsNOTEA building can only have

36、 1 out of the next 3 choices:5 = Computerized direct digital control of building systems,or 4 = Only monitoring and control are computerized.or 2 = Only time clocks (automatic shutdown).1 = Heat recovery or heat pump system.2 = Night setback.1 = Renewable energy source (for example, solar).2 = On-si

37、te or “district” power generation or cogeneration.3 = Energy use data is collected, targets set and met.E 1701 95 (2005)14ASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expre

38、ssly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised

39、, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may a

40、ttend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States

41、. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).TABLE 4 Building Services (other than electrical power)TelecommunicationsGas supplyWater supply systemSewage or drainage systemHeating, ventilating, and air conditioning systemElevators and escalatorsE 1701 95 (2005)15