ASTM E1043-2000(2010) 3750 Standard Specification for Pipets Milk and Cream Examination《牛奶和奶油检验用吸管标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: E1043 00 (Reapproved 2010)Standard Specification forPipets, Milk and Cream Examination1This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1043; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revisio

2、n. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers miscellaneous pipets su

3、itablefor use in milk and cream testing procedures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded asstandard. No other units of measurement are included in thisstandard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2E542 Practice for Calibration of Laboratory VolumetricApparatusE671 Specification

4、for Maximum Permissible Thermal Re-sidual Stress in Annealed Glass Laboratory ApparatusE920 Specification for Commercially Packaged LaboratoryApparatusE921 Specification for Export Packaged Laboratory Appa-ratusE1133 Practice for Performance Testing of Packaged Labo-ratory Apparatus for United State

5、s Government Procure-mentsE1157 Specification for Sampling and Testing of ReusableLaboratory Glassware3. Classification3.1 Pipets covered by this specification shall be of thefollowing types:3.1.1 Type 1Breed and brew pipet.3.1.2 Type IIMilk pipet, Babcock.3.1.2.1 Type II AMilk pipet, Babcock variat

6、ion.3.1.2.2 Type II BMilk pipet, Babcock variation.3.1.3 Type IIICream pipet.3.1.3.1 Type III ACream pipet, additional size.3.1.4 Type IVMilk diluting pipet.3.1.4.1 Type IV AMilk diluting pipet, additional sizes.3.1.5 Type VMilk diluting pipet.3.1.6 Type VIMilk pipet, Gerber.4. Material and Annealin

7、g4.1 Pipets shall be made of high quality apparatus glass,suitable in all respects for the purpose intended.4.2 Maximum residual thermal stress shall conform toSpecification E671.5. Style and Design5.1 Type I, Breed and Brew Pipet (see Note 1)Style anddesign of capillary pipets shall be in strict co

8、nformance withFig. 1, Type I. Pipets shall be without bulb, and shall besuitable for use in the direct count method of milk examinationin conformance with the test procedures described in the 14thedition of Standard Methods for the Examination of DairyProducts3for pipet and slide method. The pipet s

9、hall becalibrated to deliver, when blown out, 0.01 6 0.001 cm3ofmilk having a specific gravity of 1.032 at 20C. Tips shall beblunt, ground, or polished to discharge milk cleanly.NOTE 1Type I pipets (5.1), before being used in New York, must besubmitted to the Director of the State Ford Laboratory, A

10、lbany, NY, forexamination.5.2 Type II, Milk PipetMilk pipets shall be Babcockpipets suitable for testing the butter fat content of milk. Theends shall be at right angles to the axis. The bulb shall besymmetrical. The tip shall taper slightly over the terminal 5 to20 cm3, but the inside diameter at t

11、he end must be able todeliver within 5 to 8 s when filled with water. The end shall befire-polished. The pipet shall be calibrated to contain 17.6 60.05 cm3of water at 20C, when tested in accordance withPractice E542. The pipet shall be marked to indicate that itcontains 17.6 cm3at 20C. The pipet sh

12、all be in strictconformance with Fig. 1, Type II.5.2.1 Type II A, Milk PipetSame as Type II (5.2) exceptmarked “Sealed” for use in states requiring this specialmarking. (Alabama, Georgia, Mississippi, New Mexico, NorthDakota, Oregon, Tennessee, Washington, and Wisconsin.)1This specification is under

13、 the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E41 onLaboratory Apparatus and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E41.01 onApparatus.Current edition approved July 1, 2010. Published July 2010. Originally approvedin 1985. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as E1043 00 (2005). DOI:10.1520/E1043-00R1

14、0.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3American Public Health Assoc., Standard Methods for the Ex

15、amination ofDairy Products, 14th edition.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.5.2.2 Type II B, Milk PipetSimilar to Type II, however,the pipet shall be calibrated to deliver 17.6 6 0.05 cm3of waterat 20C, when tested in ac

16、cordance with Practice E542. Thepipet shall be marked to indicate that it delivers 17.6 cm3at20C. The pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 1, TypeII. (For use in the state of Nebraska.)5.3 Type III, Cream PipetCream pipets shall be in strictconformance with Fig. 1, Type III. They shall be

17、calibrated todeliver 9 6 0.10 cm3at 20C, using distilled water, with dropremaining in tip blown out 2 s after delivery ceases and addedto free delivery volume.5.3.1 Type III A, Cream PipetSimilar to Type III, how-ever, the pipet shall be calibrated to deliver 18 6 0.20 cm3at20C when used as describe

18、d in 5.3. The pipet shall conformwith Fig. 1, Type III A.5.4 Type IV, Milk Diluting Pipet (see Note 2)Milk dilutingpipets shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 1, Type IV. Theyshall have a capacity of 1.1 cm3and be graduated to deliver at0.5, 1.0, and 1.1 cm3. They shall be calibrated to contain

19、0.54,1.075, and 1.180 cm3of distilled water at 20C at the 0.5, 1.0,and 1.1 cm3graduations, respectively. Tolerance shall be60.025 cm3at any point on the pipet. When used with wholemilk, the small amount remaining in the tip, after free deliveryhas ceased, is blown out and added to the free delivery

20、volume.For diluted milk, the correct volume is delivered withoutblowing out. The pipet shall not have the frosted band near thetop denoting that the pipet is “calibrated” for blow out.5.4.1 Type IV A, Milk Diluting Pipets (see Note 2)Similarto Type IV, except for size. These pipets are available in

21、1.0,2.2, and 11.0 cm3capacities. These pipets shall be in strictconformance with Fig. 2, Type IV A. Actual volumes of watercontained at 20C at each graduation line are specified asfollows: 1.0 (1.075) cm3; 2.0 (2.150) cm3; 2.1 (2.255) cm3; 2.2(2.360) cm3; and 11 (11.6) cm3. Tolerances at any point s

22、hall beFIG. 1 Pipets, Milk and Cream ExaminationE1043 00 (2010)260.025 cm3for the 1 cm3size, 60.04 for the 2.2 cm3size and60.20 for the 11 cm3size.NOTE 2The Type IV and IV A pipets (5.4 and 5.4.1), before beingused in New York, must be submitted to the Director of the State FoodLaboratory, Albany, N

23、Y, for examination. In Connecticut, the 1.0 and 1.1cm3pipets must be checked by the Division of Laboratories, State Boardof Health, when used by laboratories certified to do milk testing.5.5 Type V, Milk Diluting Pipet (11 cm3)The 11 cm3milkdiluting pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 2,

24、TypeV. The pipet shall be suitable for the dilution of milk duringbacteriological examination, in accordance with the 14th edi-tion of Standard Methods for the Examination of DairyProducts.3The pipet shall have a capacity to deliver, whenblown out, 11.0 6 0.1 cm3of milk graduated in 1.0 cm3subdivisi

25、ons. The pipet shall be calibrated to contain 11.6 60.1 cm3of distilled water at 20C from the 11 cm3graduationto tip.5.6 Type VI, Milk PipetMilk pipets shall be Gerber pipetssuitable for testing the butter fat content of milk in accordancewith the 14th edition of Standard Methods for the Examination

26、of Dairy Products.3The ends shall be at right angles to the axis.The bulb shall be symmetrical. The end shall be fire-polished.The pipet shall be calibrated to contain 11.6 6 0.05 cm3ofFIG. 2 Pipets, Milk and Cream ExaminationE1043 00 (2010)3distilled water at 20C, and to deliver 11 6 0.05 cm3of mil

27、k.The pipet shall be in strict conformance with Fig. 2, Type VI.6. Markings6.1 Graduation lines, capacity markings, and legends shallbe etched, printed or stained with permanent fused-in color orstain. Each pipet shall be permanently marked with the name orknown trademark of the manufacturer.NOTE 3T

28、he term millilitre (mL) is commonly used as a special namefor the cubic centimetre (cm3) and similarly the litre (L) for 1000 cubiccentimetres, in accordance with the International System of Units (SI).7. Sampling and Testing7.1 See Specification E1157.8. Packaging8.1 Select one from ASTM Standards:

29、 Specifications E920,E921 and Practice E1133.9. Keywords9.1 cream; glass; milk; pipetsASTM International takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of t

30、he validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Yo

31、ur comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comment

32、s have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or mul

33、tiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).E1043 00 (2010)4