ASTM D98-2005 Standard Specification for Calcium Chloride《氯化钙的标准规范》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 98 05Standard Specification forCalcium Chloride1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 98; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of originaladoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates t

2、he year of last reapproval. A superscriptepsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers calcium chloride, technicalgrade, typically used for, but no

3、t limited to, dust control,stabilization, ice/snow removal, other road-conditioning pur-poses, acceleration of the set of concrete, and as a desiccant.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard.1.3 For purposes of determining conformance to this speci-fication, values for ch

4、emical analysis shall be rounded to thenearest 0.1 %, and values for grading shall be rounded to thenearest 1 %, in accordance with the rounding method inPractice E 29.1.4 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes,which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes(excluding

5、 those in tables and figures) shall not be consideredas requirements of the standard.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D 345 Test Method for Sampling and Testing CalciumChloride for Roads and Structural ApplicationsE 449 Test Methods for Analysis of Calcium Chloride2.2 Federal Standards:3UU

6、-S-48 Sack, Shipping, PaperPPP-B-35 Bag, Textile, Shipping, Burlap, Cotton, and Wa-terproof LaminatedPPP-C-186 Containers, Packaging and Packing for Drugs,Chemicals, and PharmaceuticalsPPP-D-723 Drum, FiberFed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)2.3 Military Standards:3MIL-STD-105 Sam

7、pling Procedures and Tables for Inspec-tion by AttributesMIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage2.4 American Trucking Associations, Inc.:4National Motor Freight Classification2.5 Uniform Classification Committee:Uniform Freight Classification53. Classification3.1 TypeTwo types of calcium chlori

8、de are covered asfollows:3.1.1 Type S (Solid)Flake, pellet or granular calciumchloride (CaCl2) in varying concentrations.3.1.2 Type L (Liquid)Water solutions of calcium chloridein varying concentrations.3.2 ConcentrationsConcentrations of Type S and Type Lcalcium chloride shall be expressed as a per

9、centage of the total.Type S shall be further expressed as Grades as in 3.3 and inaccordance with the chemical requirements of this specifica-tion.3.2.1 The concentrations of Type S (solid) calcium chlorideare 77, 90, and 94 % minimum.3.2.2 The concentrations of Type L(liquid) calcium chlorideshall b

10、e specified by the purchaser (see Note 1).NOTE 1Typical concentrations vary from 28 to 42 %.3.3 GradesType S (solid) calcium chloride is graded asfollows:3.3.1 Grade 1, is 77 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of either Class AFlake, or Class BGranular.3.3.2 Grade 2, is 90 % minimum calcium c

11、hloride concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, ClassCGranular, or Class DPowder.3.3.3 Grade 3 is 94 % minimum calcium chloride concen-tration of Class AFlake, Class BPellet, ClassCGranular, or Class DPowder.4. Ordering Information4.1 Orders for material under this specification shall include

12、the following information:1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D04 on Roadand Paving Materials, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D04.31 onCalcium and Sodium Chlorides and other Deicing Materials.Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2005. Published September 20

13、05. Originallyapproved in 1921. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 98 98.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary pag

14、e onthe ASTM website.3Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, Bldg. 4, Section D,700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5094, Attn: NPODS.4Available from American Trucking Association, Inc., 2200 Mill Rd., Alexan-dria, VA 22314.5Available from Uniform Classification Committee, 212 Uni

15、on Station, Chi-cago, IL 60606.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.4.1.1 This specification designation and date of issue,4.1.2 Type S (solid) or Type L (liquid) concentration, gradeand class of calcium chloride required

16、(see Sections 3),4.1.3 Quantity of calcium chloride required,4.1.4 Whether special sampling for inspection is required(see Section 7), and4.1.5 Whether special packaging and marking is required(see Section 10).5. Chemical Requirements5.1 The calcium chloride shall conform to the followingrequirement

17、s for chemical composition, except for the toler-ances stated in 7.2.5.1.1 CaCl2content, %not less than the minimum concen-tration specified, nor greater than the maximum concentrationspecified (when a maximum is specified).5.1.2 Impurity content, %specified relative to the amountof active ingredien

18、t (CaCl2) in the product, (see 5.2 forexample calculations):Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), max, % 6.0Total magnesium as MgCl2, max, % 0.5Calcium hydroxide, max, % 0.25.1.2.1 Limits on other impurities shall be specified by thepurchaser according to requirements specific to the end use.5.2 Calcula

19、ting Impurity Content on an Active IngredientBasis:5.2.1 To calculate the impurity content on an active ingre-dient basis, the impurity percentage measured on an “asreceived” basis is divided by the CaCl2assay in decimal formas shown in the following example:Product #1CaCl2content, as received basis

20、, % 90Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), as received basis, % 4.0Total alkali chlorides (as NaCl), active ingredient basis, % (4.0/90)(100)= 4.46. Physical Requirements6.1 The grading of solid form calcium chloride shall con-form to the requirements of Table 1 for the grade and classspecified in the

21、order.7. Sampling, Examination, and Testing7.1 Sampling, examining, and testing of calcium chlorideshall be done in accordance with Test Method D 345 andE 449. When specified in the contract or purchase order,sampling for examination shall be performed in accordancewith MIL-STD-105 at an acceptable

22、quality level specified bythe purchaser.7.2 When the purchaser elects to sample the material (solidor liquid) after delivery, a tolerance of 1 % below the minimumCaCl2requirement shall apply, provided that the material hasbeen analyzed correctly and transported per the requirementsstated in 10.1.8.

23、Inspection8.1 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the supplier shall be responsible for the performance ofall inspection requirements as specified herein.8.2 Except as otherwise specified, the supplier shall use hisown facilities or any commercial laboratory acceptable to th

24、epurchaser for analysis of material. The purchaser reserves theright to perform any of the inspections set forth in thisspecification where such inspections are deemed necessary toensure that supplies and services conform to the prescribedrequirements.9. Rejection9.1 The calcium chloride shall be su

25、bject to rejection if itfails to conform to any of the requirements of this specificationor, in the case of the solid forms, if it has become caked orsticky in shipment.10. Packaging, Package Marking, and Shipping10.1 Calcium chloride in either solid or liquid form shall bepackaged and transported i

26、n a manner that protects the productfrom moisture and other sources of contamination.10.2 Unless otherwise specified in the contract or purchaseorder, the name of the manufacturer, name of the product, netweight, and percentage of calcium chloride guaranteed by themanufacturer shall be legibly marke

27、d on each container forpackage shipments, or on the invoice or shipping papersaccompanying bulk shipments.10.3 When specified in the contract or purchase order as forFederal Government procurement, calcium chloride shall beprepared for shipment in accordance with the provisionsspecified in 10.4-10.6

28、.2.10.4 PackagingPackaging for Federal Government pro-curement shall be LevelAor C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).10.4.1 Level A:10.4.1.1 Unit PackagingCalcium chloride in solid formshall be packaged in 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 or 5-lb) quantities, asspecified (see Section 10.4), in glass bottles confor

29、ming toGroup A, Class 1, Style 2, Closure A of PPP-C-186.TABLE 1 Sieve AnalysisSieve SizeMass % PassingGrade 177 % min CaCl2Grade 290 % min CaCl2Grade 394 % min CaCl2Class AFlakeClass BGranularClass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClass DPowderClass AFlakeClass BPelletsClass CGranularClass DPowde

30、r31.5 mm 114 in. . . . . 100 . . . 100 .9.5 mm38 in. 100 100 100 100 . . 100 100 . .4.75 mm No. 4 80100 080 80100 80100 05 100 80100 80100 05 1002.36 mm No. 8 . . . . . 80100 . . . 801001.18 mm No. 16 . . . . . . . . . .850 m No. 20 . . . 010 . . . 010 . .600 m No. 30 05 05 05 05 . 065 05 05 . 065D9

31、805210.4.1.2 Intermediate PackagingCalcium chloride unit,packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shall be intermediatelypackaged in accordance with the Level A requirements ofPPP-C-186.10.4.2 Level CCalcium chloride shall be packaged in thequantities specified (see Section 4.1.5), in accordance withsup

32、pliers standard practice.10.5 PackagingPacking for Federal Government Procure-ment shall be Level A, B, or C as specified (see Section 4.1.5).10.5.1 Level A:10.5.1.1 For 0.45 or 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.4.1.1 shallbe packed in accordance with th

33、e Level A requirement ofPPP-C-186.10.5.1.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed inappropriate size sacks conforming to construction number 16Xor 17X of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag number P35B/Aof PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conformin

34、g to Type III, Grade A,of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall beprovided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitablewater-vapor-proof liner or interior coating.10.5.2 Level B:10.5.2.1 For 0.45 and 2.25-kg (1 and 5-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, packaged in accordance with 10.

35、4, shall bepacked in accordance with the Level B requirements ofPPP-C-186.10.5.2.2 For 36 and 45-kg (80 and 100-lb) QuantitiesCalcium chloride, as specified (see 4.1.5), shall be packed inappropriate size sacks conforming to construction number8L/W or 14L/W of UU-S-48, bags conforming to bag numberP

36、35B of PPP-B-35, or fiber drums conforming to Type I, GradeA, of PPP-D-723, as specified (see 4.1.5). Fiber drums shall beprovided with a polyethylene bag liner or other suitablewater-vapor-proof lining or interior coating.10.5.3 Level CCalcium chloride shall be packed in quan-tities specified (see

37、4.1.5), in a manner which will ensurearrival at destination in satisfactory condition and be accept-able to the carrier at lowest rates. Containers and packing shallcomply with the Uniform Freight Classification rules orNational Motor Freight Classification rules.10.6 Marking (see 4.1.5):10.6.1 Civi

38、l AgenciesIn addition to any special markingrequired by the contract or order, the interior packages andexterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordancewith Fed. Std. No. 123.10.6.2 Military ActivitiesIn addition, to any special mark-ing required by the contract or order, the interior pack

39、ages andexterior shipping containers shall be marked in accordancewith MIL-STD-129.11. Keywords11.1 calcium chloride; concrete accelerator; concrete ad-mixture; deicing chemical; dessication; dust control; snow andice removal; stabilizationASTM International takes no position respecting the validity

40、 of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely their own responsibility.This standard is subject

41、to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand should be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters

42、. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Standards, at the address shown below.This standard is

43、 copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org).D98053