ASTM D365-2001(2011) Standard Guide for Soluble Nitrocellulose Base Solutions《可溶性硝酸纤维素基溶液的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D365 01 (Reapproved 2011)Standard Guide forSoluble Nitrocellulose Base Solutions1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D365; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A nu

2、mber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.1. Scope1.1 This guide covers the testing of soluble nitrocellulosebase solutions that are made by dispersing various kinds andconcentrations of solu

3、ble nitrocellulose (cellulose nitrate) invarious solvent mixtures.1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as thestandard. The values given in parentheses are for informationonly.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It

4、is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazardstatements see Section 11.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2D301 Test Methods for Soluble Cellu

5、lose NitrateD333 Guide for Clear and Pigmented LacquersD1193 Specification for Reagent WaterD1200 Test Method for Viscosity by Ford Viscosity CupE300 Practice for Sampling Industrial Chemicals3. Significance and Use3.1 Since the desired specifications and compositions ofsoluble nitrocellulose base s

6、olutions vary greatly, these meth-ods are used to establish whether limits that shall be as agreedupon between the producer and the user have been met.4. Sampling4.1 Select the sampling method from those listed in PracticeE300.CONSISTENCY (VISCOSITY)5. Consistency Tests5.1 For Consistencies from 3 t

7、o 500 sDetermine theconsistency by falling-ball consistency test described in TestMethods D301 for those solutions having a consistency from 3to 500 s when tested in that apparatus.5.2 For Consistencies Less than 3 sDetermine the con-sistency by Test Method D1200 for those solutions having aconsiste

8、ncy of less than 3 s when tested in the falling-ballapparatus referred to in 5.1.5.3 For Consistencies over 500 sDetermine the consis-tency using the apparatus and procedure described in Sections6 and 7 for those solutions having a consistency greater than500 s when tested in the falling-ball appara

9、tus referred to in5.1.6. Apparatus6.1 The consistency test apparatus, shown in Fig. 1, shallconsist of the following:6.1.1 Glass Tube (preferably heat-resistant glass),350 61.5 mm (2 6132 in.) in inside diameter and 255 mm (10 in.)in length, with marks 177 6 1mm(56116 in.) apart, theupper one being

10、75 mm (3 in.) from the top of the tube.NOTE 1The steel ball can be removed (in order to leave the samematerial in the tube for a check run) by removing the lower stopper.However, a small air bubble is usually introduced in this way. It ispreferable to invert the tube, removing the guide to get the b

11、all out. It isoften necessary to put a few drops of solvent in the guide lip to loosen itfrom the tube on account of the solution drying at the edge of the tube.When the latter method is used for removing the ball, a larger bubbletraverses the tube than when the former method is used, but a large bu

12、bblemoves sufficiently fast, even in a very viscous solution, to escape at the topin a few minutes, whereas small bubbles take hours to escape.6.1.2 Steel Ball, 15.88 6 0.02 mm (0.625 6 0.001 in.) indiameter, and weighing 16.536 6 0.10 g.6.1.3 Aluminum Guide Cone of light gage aluminum (ap-proximate

13、ly 0.5 mm (0.02 in.) in thickness) as shown in Fig. 1.The orifice of the guide cone shall be 22 mm (78 in.) indiameter, the conical portion 25 mm (1 in.) in height, the1This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint andRelated Coatings, Materials, and Applications and is the dir

14、ect responsibility ofSubcommittee D01.55 on Factory Applied Coatings on Preformed Products.Current edition approved June 1, 2011. Published June 2011. Originallyapproved in 1933. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D365 01 (2005).DOI: 10.1520/D0365-01R11.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit t

15、he ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the standards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.3Borosilicate glass is satisfactory for this purpose.1Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor

16、Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.cylindrical portion 12.7 mm (12 in.) in height, and the outsidediameter shall be slightly under 50 mm (2 in.) so as to fitsnugly into the viscosity tube.6.1.4 Stoppers, made preferably of rubber and covered withtin foil.7. Procedure

17、7.1 Fill the tube in any convenient manner whereby bubblesdo not form and no appreciable amount of solvent is lost. Onemethod is to immerse the lower end of the open tube in thesolution and to apply suction at the upper end of the tube. Inthis manner the tube can be filled in from 5 to 10 s without

18、theintroduction of air bubbles or an appreciable loss of solvent.Close the bottom of the tube with a stopper covered with tinfoil. Push the aluminum guide cone slowly into the top of thetube and insert a stopper covered with tin foil into the top of theguide.7.2 Bring the tube and its contents to a

19、temperature of 25 60.1C by placing in a suitable bath. Allow at least 30 min forthe solution to reach temperature equilibrium. For accuratemeasurements keep the tube during the determination either ina thermostat or suspended within a considerably larger cylinderof water at the specified temperature

20、.7.3 Remove the upper stopper only long enough to place theball in the center of the tube; this can be done convenientlywith crucible tongs. The principal value of the guide cone is toretard the ball sufficiently at the start of its fall so that thesolution will close over the ball and not leave on

21、the top of theball a large “trailer bubble.” If the guide is not used a big trailerbubble usually accompanies the ball, retarding its fall and, ifthe bubble is off center on the ball, pulling the latter away fromthe center of the tube.7.4 Measure the time of fall in seconds from the instant thebotto

22、m of the ball is level with the upper reference mark on thetube until it reaches the lower mark on the tube.NONVOLATILE MATTER8. Procedure8.1 Determine the percent of nonvolatile matter in accor-dance with the procedure described in the Nonvolatile Mattersection of Test Methods D333.APPEARANCE OF SO

23、LUTION9. Procedure9.1 Compare the appearance of the soluble nitrocellulosebase solution with a reference standard agreed upon betweenthe purchaser and the seller (both the reference standard andsample solutions shall be thoroughly agitated before makingobservations) in similar bottles for turbidity,

24、 hair, grain, andinsoluble matter.DEPTH OF COLOR10. Apparatus10.1 The apparatus used for the preparation of the colorstandards and for the depth of color determinations shallconsist of the following:10.1.1 LightSource of transmitted light.NOTE 2Not absolutely necessary but will increase accuracy and

25、 bemore convenient.10.1.2 Bottles, three dozen 60 m (2-oz L) screw-cap, square,glass.10.1.3 Flasks, several, 1-L, volumetric.10.1.4 Burets, two, 50-mL.10.1.5 Analytical Balance.10.1.6 ColorimeterDubosq colorimeter (see Note 2).10.1.7 Color GlassYellow glass about 25 mm square and10 mm thick.411. Rea

26、gents and Materials11.1 Purity of ReagentsReagent grade chemicals shall beused in all tests. Unless otherwise indicated, it is intended thatall reagents shall conform to the specifications of the Commit-tee on Analytical Reagents of the American Chemical Society,where such specifications are availab

27、le.5Other grades may beused, provided it is first ascertained that the reagent is ofsufficiently high purity to permit its use without lessening theaccuracy of the determination.11.2 Purity of WaterUnless otherwise indicated, refer-ences to water shall be understood to mean reagent water asdefined b

28、y Type III of Specification D1193.4The sole source of supply of color glass, signal yellow No. 330, known to thecommittee at this time is Corning Glass Works, Corning, NY. If you are aware ofalternative suppliers, please provide this information to ASTM InternationalHeadquarters. Your comments will

29、receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee,1which you may attend.5Reagent Chemicals, American Chemical Society Specifications, AmericanChemical Society, Washington, DC. For suggestions on the testing of reagents notlisted by the American Chemical Society, see An

30、alar Standards for LaboratoryChemicals, BDH Ltd., Poole, Dorset, U.K., and the United States Pharmacopeiaand National Formulary, U.S. Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc. (USPC), Rockville,MD.FIG. 1 Apparatus for Consistency (Viscosity) Test of SolutionsHaving Consistencies over 500 sD365 01 (2011)211.3 P

31、otassium Chloroplatinate,(K2PtCl6). Warning: Thismaterial is hazardous. Carefully review Material Safety DataSheets supplied by manufacturers for handling and first aidinstruction.11.4 Cobalt Chloride (CoCl26H2O). (WarningSee 11.3.)11.5 Hydrochloric Acid (sp gr 1.19)Concentrated hydro-chloric acid (

32、HCl). ( WarningSee 11.3.)11.6 Caramel (sugar coloring).11.7 Phenol.(WarningSee 11.3.)12. Preparation of Color Standards12.1 Platinum-Cobalt Color Standards Prepare theplatinum-cobalt color standards as follows: Weigh out on ananalytical balance exactly 1.245 g of K2PtCl6and 1.000 g ofcrystallized co

33、balt chloride (CoCl26H2O). Dissolve in distilledwater, add 100 mL of HCl (sp gr 1.19), and dilute to 1000 mLwith distilled water. This solution is color standard No. 10.6Prepare color standards Nos. 1 to 10, inclusive, by accuratelymeasuring from burets directly into the square 2-oz (60-mL)bottles t

34、he quantities shown in Table 1 of the No. 10 colorstandard and distilled water. After preparation of the colorstandards seal the bottles with corks and paraffin before puttingon the screw caps. The platinum-cobalt color standards arepermanent for approximately six months. Make the colorstandards fro

35、m No. 12 to No. 500, inclusive, from a caramelsolution, but the color is based on the platinum-cobalt colorstandard.12.2 Caramel Color StandardsPrepare the caramel colorstandards as follows: Dilute caramel (sugar coloring) in theratio of about 1 mL of caramel to 100 mL of distilled water ina glass v

36、essel.Add 0.5 % phenol and agitate thoroughly.Adjustthe concentration of this solution so that when it is diluted inthe ratio of 1 mL of solution to 49 mL of distilled water, towhich has been added 0.5 % phenol, the solution will matchcolor No. 10 of the platinum-cobalt color standard. Thiscaramel s

37、olution before dilution is color No. 500 (Note 3).Prepare color standards No. 12 to No. 500, inclusive, byaccurately measuring from burets directly into the square 2-oz(60-mL) bottles the quantities shown in Table 2 of color No.500 caramel standard and distilled water to which has beenadded 0.5 % ph

38、enol. After preparation of the color standards,seal the bottles with corks and paraffin before putting on thescrew caps. All of the caramel color standards are permanentfor approximately one month but should be checked semi-monthly if frequently used.NOTE 3It is more convenient to check the caramel

39、color standard No.500 against a colored glass that has been previously standardized againstthe platinum-cobalt color standard; a piece of signal yellow glass (see10.1.7) about 25 mm square by 10 mm thick may be standardized and usedas a check on the caramel solution. This must be done by use of acol

40、orimeter.13. Procedure13.1 Fill a square 60-mL (2-oz) glass bottle with thematerial to be tested and match this against one of the colorstandards using either direct daylight or indirect artificialtransmitted light, the latter being preferred. The number of thecolor standard matched is the depth of

41、color of the material.14. Precision and Bias14.1 The precision and bias of these test methods is asdescribed for each of the separate methods cited if available.15. Keywords15.1 appearance; consistency testing; depth of color; non-volatile matter; soluble nitrocellulose base solutions6This solution

42、has an assigned value of 500 on the Hazen color scale (seeAmerican Chemical Journal, Vol XIV, p. 300).TABLE 1 Platinum-Cobalt Color StandardsPlatinum-CobaltColor StandardsQuantity ofNo. 10 ColorStandard, mLQuantity ofDistilledWater, mLNo. 1 5 45No. 2 10 40No. 3 15 35No. 4 20 30No. 5 25 25No. 6 30 20

43、No. 7 35 15No. 8 40 10No. 9 45 5No. 10 50 0TABLE 2 Caramel Color StandardsCaramel ColorStandardsQuantity ofNo. 500Caramel ColorStandard, mLQuantity ofDistilledWater plusPhenol, mLNo. 12 1.2 48.8No. 15 1.5 48.5No. 20 2.0 48.0No. 25 2.5 47.5No. 30 3.0 47.0No. 35 3.5 46.5No. 40 4.0 46.0No. 45 4.5 45.5N

44、o. 50 5.0 45.0No. 60 6.0 44.0No. 70 7.0 43.0No. 75 7.5 42.5No. 80 8.0 42.0No. 90 9.0 41.0No. 100 10.0 40.0No. 125 12.5 37.5No. 150 15.0 35.0No. 175 17.5 32.5No. 200 20.0 30.0No. 250 25.0 25.0No. 300 30.0 20.0No. 350 35.0 15.0No. 400 40.0 10.0No. 450 45.0 5.0No. 500 50.0 0.0D365 01 (2011)3ASTM Intern

45、ational takes no position respecting the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any item mentionedin this standard. Users of this standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the riskof infringement of such rights, are entirely t

46、heir own responsibility.This standard is subject to revision at any time by the responsible technical committee and must be reviewed every five years andif not revised, either reapproved or withdrawn. Your comments are invited either for revision of this standard or for additional standardsand shoul

47、d be addressed to ASTM International Headquarters. Your comments will receive careful consideration at a meeting of theresponsible technical committee, which you may attend. If you feel that your comments have not received a fair hearing you shouldmake your views known to the ASTM Committee on Stand

48、ards, at the address shown below.This standard is copyrighted by ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959,United States. Individual reprints (single or multiple copies) of this standard may be obtained by contacting ASTM at the aboveaddress or at 610-832-9585 (phone), 610-832-9555 (fax), or serviceastm.org (e-mail); or through the ASTM website(www.astm.org). Permission rights to photocopy the standard may also be secured from the ASTM website (www.astm.org/COPYRIGHT/).D365 01 (2011)4