ASTM D1675-2003 Standard Test Methods for Polytetrafluoroethylene Tubing《聚四氟乙烯管的标准试验方法》.pdf

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1、Designation: D 1675 03An American National StandardStandard Test Methods forPolytetrafluoroethylene Tubing1This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 1675; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year oforiginal adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last

2、 revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. Asuperscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.1. Scope1.1 These test methods cover procedures for

3、testing poly-tetrafluoroethylene tubing for use as electrical insulation. Theprocedures appear in the following sections:Procedure SectionsASTMMethodsConditioning 7 .Dielectric Breakdown Voltage 28-30 D 149, D 876Inside Diameter 8-13 D 876Mandrel Bend Test 46-52 D 149, D 876Melting Point 41-45 D 341

4、8, D 4895Penetration Test 26 and 27 D 876Specific Gravity 36-40 D 792, D 1505Strain Relief 31-35 .Volatile Loss 20-25 .Wall Thickness 14-19 .NOTE 1These test methods are similar but not identical to those inIEC 606842.1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are the standardexcept for temperature,

5、which is stated in degrees Celsius.Values in parentheses are for information only.1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of thesafety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and d

6、etermine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specificwarning statements, see Section 5.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:D 149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage andDielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materialsat Commercial Power Frequencie

7、s2D 792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Rela-tive Density) of Plastics by Displacement3D 876 Test Methods for Nonrigid Vinyl Chloride PolymerTubing Used for Electrical Insulation2D 1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique3D 1711 Terminology Relating t

8、o Electrical Insulation2D 3418 Test Method for Transition Temperatures of Poly-mers by Differential Scanning Calorimetry4D 3487 Specification for Mineral Insulating Oil Used inElectrical Apparatus5D 4895 Specification for Polytetrafluoroethylene (PFTE)Resins Produced from Dispersion6E 176 Terminolog

9、y of Fire Standards72.2 IEC Standards606842 Flexible Insulating SleevesPart 2: Methods ofTest83. Terminology3.1 Definitions:3.1.1 For definitions pertaining to electrical insulation, referto Terminology D 1711.3.1.2 For definitions pertaining to fire standards, refer toTerminology E 176.3.2 Definiti

10、ons of Terms Specific to This Standard:3.2.1 apparent melting point, nthe temperature at whichthe appearance of the plastic changes from opaque to transpar-ent.3.2.2 strain relief, na dimensional change brought aboutby subjecting the tubing to an elevated temperature.3.2.3 volatile loss, nthe reduct

11、ion in weight by vaporiza-tion under controlled conditions.4. Significance and Use4.1 The test methods in this standard are considered impor-tant to characterize polytetrafluoroethylene tubing. They areintended primarily for, but not limited to polytetrafluoroethyl-ene tubing.4.2 Variations in these

12、 methods or alternate contemporarymethods of measurement may be used to determine the valuesfor the properties in this standard provided such methods1These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 onElectrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and are the direct responsibility

13、 ofSubcommittee D09.07 on Flexible and Rigid Insulating Materials.Current edition approved March 10, 2003. Published April 2003. Originallyapproved in 1959. Last previous edition approved in 1998 as D 1675 98.2Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.3Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.4Annual

14、 Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.02.5Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.03.6Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.03.7Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.07.8Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.1Copyright ASTM International, 1

15、00 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.ensure quality levels and measurement accuracy equal to orbetter than those prescribed herein. It is the responsibility ofthe organizations using alternate test methods to be able todemonstrate this condition. In case

16、s of dispute, the methodsspecified herein shall be used.NOTE 2Provision for alternate methods is necessary because of (1)the desire to simplify procedures for specific applications, and (2) thedesire to eliminate redundant testing and use data generated duringmanufacturing process control, including

17、 that generated under StatisticalProcess Control (SPC) conditions, using equipment and methods otherthan those specified herein. An example would be the use of lasermicrometers or optical comparators to measure dimensions.5. Hazards5.1 Lethal voltages may be present during this test. It isessential

18、that the test apparatus, and all associated equipmentthat may be electrically connected to it, be properly designedand installed for safe operation. Solidly ground all electricallyconductive parts that any person might come in contact withduring the test. Provide means for use at the completion of a

19、nytest to ground any parts which: were at high voltage during thetest; may have acquired an induced charge during the test; mayretain a charge even after disconnection of the voltage source.Thoroughly instruct all operators in the proper way to conducttests safely. When making high voltage tests, pa

20、rticularly incompressed gas or in oil, the energy released at breakdownmay be suffcient to result in fire, explosion, or rupture of thetest chamber. Design test equipment, test chambers, and testspecimens so as to minimize the possibility of such occurrencesand to eliminate the possibility of person

21、al injury. See Section28.5.2 Toxic Chemicals from Thermal Decomposition:5.2.1 Polytetrafluoroethylene at temperatures above 200Cmay produce sufficient toxic vapors to be hazardous in aconfined area. Sufficient ventilation must be provided in alltests where the material is subjected to testing above

22、200C.(See Sections 7, 23, 26, 33, and 43.)6. Selection of Test Specimens6.1 In the case of material on spools or in coils, remove anddiscard at least two turns of the product before selectingmaterial for samples from which to prepare test specimens.6.2 In the case of material offered in cut lengths,

23、 do notprepare specimens from samples of material closer than 1 in.(25 mm) from each end.6.3 Do not use specimens with obvious defects unless thepurpose of the test is to determine the effects of these defects.7. Conditioning7.1 (WarningSee 5.2.)7.2 Unless otherwise specified, condition and test spe

24、ci-mens at least3hat236 2C (73.4 6 4F) and 50 6 5%relative humidity.INSIDE DIAMETER8. Significance and Use8.1 The inside diameter is of importance in determining theproper physical fit of the tubing.9. Apparatus9.1 Gage RodsUse standard gage steel rods with smoothsurfaces and hemispherical ends havi

25、ng diameters within60.0002 in. (60.005 mm) of the values listed as maxima andminima in Table 1. A set of two gages (“go” and “no go”) isrequired for each size of tubing.NOTE 3Tapered steel gages as described in Test Methods D 876 maybe used as an alternate. These gages are not practical, however, fo

26、r tubingsmaller than Size No. 20.10. Test Specimens10.1 Cut five specimens of any convenient length, but notless than 3 in. (75 mm) long, from the sample. Do not testkinked specimens.11. Procedure11.1 Insert the minimum gage rod for the size tubing undertest into the specimen for a distance of at le

27、ast 1 in. (25 mm)if possible, noting whether the rod is easily inserted andwithdrawn without appreciable force. If the rod cannot bereadily inserted and removed, consider the specimen as havingan inside diameter less than the minimum.11.2 Select a gage rod having the maximum size for thetubing under

28、 test. Attempt to insert the gage rod into the tubing.If the rod can be easily inserted to a distance of 1 in., the tubinghas an inside diameter that exceeds the specified maximum. Ifthe rod cannot be readily inserted, the tubing has an insidediameter less than the maximum specified.TABLE 1 Sizes of

29、 Polytetrafluoroethylene TubingSizeInside Diameter, in. (mm)Maximum Minimum Nominal1 in. 1.060 (26.98) 1.000 (25.40) .78in. 0.927 (23.55) 0.875 (22.23) .34in. 0.795 (20.19) 0.750 (19.05) .58in. 0.662 (16.81) 0.625 (15.88) .12in. 0.530 (13.46) 0.500 (12.70) .716in. 0.464 (11.79) 0.438 (11.38) .38in.

30、0.399 (10.13) 0.375 (9.53) .No. 0 0.347 (8.81) 0.325 (8.25) 0.330 (8.38)No. 1 0.311 (7.90) 0.289 (7.34) 0.294 (7.47)No. 2 0.278 (7.06) 0.258 (6.55) 0.263 (6.68)No. 3 0.249 (6.32) 0.229 (5.82) 0.234 (5.94)No. 4 0.224 (5.69) 0.204 (5.18) 0.208 (5.28)No. 5 0.198 (5.03) 0.182 (4.62) 0.186 (4.72)No. 6 0.

31、178 (4.52) 0.162 (4.11) 0.166 (4.22)No. 7 0.158 (4.01) 0.144 (3.66) 0.148 (3.76)No. 8 0.141 (3.58) 0.129 (3.28) 0.133 (3.38)No. 9 0.124 (3.15) 0.114 (2.90) 0.118 (3.00)No. 10 0.112 (2.84) 0.102 (2.78) 0.106 (2.69)No. 11 0.101 (2.57) 0.091 (2.31) 0.095 (2.41)No. 12 0.091 (2.31) 0.081 (2.06) 0.085 (2.

32、16)No. 13 0.082 (2.08) 0.072 (1.83) 0.075 (1.91)No. 14 0.074 (1.88) 0.064 (1.63) 0.066 (1.68)No. 15 0.067 (1.70) 0.057 (1.45) 0.059 (1.50)No. 16 0.061 (1.55) 0.051 (1.30) 0.053 (1.35)No. 17 0.054 (1.37) 0.045 (1.14) 0.047 (1.19)No. 18 0.049 (1.24) 0.040 (1.02) 0.042 (1.07)No. 19 0.044 (1.12) 0.036 (

33、0.91) 0.038 (0.97)No. 20 0.040 (1.02) 0.032 (0.81) 0.034 (0.86)No. 22 0.032 (0.81) 0.026 (0.66) 0.028 (0.71)No. 24 0.027 (0.69) 0.020 (0.51) 0.022 (0.56)No. 26 0.022 (0.56) 0.016 (0.41) 0.018 (0.46)No. 28 0.019 (0.48) 0.013 (0.33) 0.015 (0.38)No. 30 0.015 (0.38) 0.010 (0.25) 0.012 (0.30)D167503212.

34、Report12.1 Report the following information:12.1.1 Nominal size or size number of the tubing, and12.1.2 Size or size number as determined.13. Precision and Bias13.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinformation has been presented to ASTM International uponwhich to base a stateme

35、nt of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has nobias because the value for inside diameter is determined solelyin terms of this test method.WALL THICKNESS14. Significance and Use14.1 The wall thickness provides design data. It is alsouseful in computi

36、ng certain physical and electrical propertiesof the tubing.15. Apparatus15.1 Dial MicrometerFor Size No. 22 and larger, use adial micrometer9equipped with a rod support for the specimenand a chisel-edge plunger. Use a gage with a minimumgraduation of 0.0005 in. (0.01 mm) and a gaging load notexceedi

37、ng 25 g. Use a rod made of hardened steel 0.020 in.(0.50 mm) in diameter and38 in. (9.5 mm) long. Ensure thatthe chisel edge of the plunger is flat and approximately 0.043in. (1.1 mm) across and516 in. (8 mm) long.15.2 MicroscopeFor Size No. 24 and smaller, use anoptical means such as a toolmakers m

38、icroscope.16. Test Specimens16.1 Cut five12-in. (13-mm) specimens free from kinksfrom the sample. Make the cut edge perpendicular to thelongitudinal axis of the sample.17. Procedure17.1 For Size No. 22 and larger, measure the wall thicknessof the specimen using the rod and chisel apparatus by raisin

39、gthe chisel from the rod and placing the specimen on the rod insuch a manner that the rod passes through the center of thetubing specimen and rests flatly against the upper inside wall ofthe specimen. Gently lower the flat chisel edge until it restslightly on the upper outside wall of the specimen.

40、Rotate thetubing and determine the minimum and maximum wall thick-ness. The average of these two readings is the wall thickness ofthe specimen.17.2 For Size No. 24 and smaller, use a reference methodemploying optical means acceptable to both the manufacturerand the purchaser to determine the maximum

41、 and minimumwall thickness.18. Report18.1 Report the following information:18.1.1 Nominal size or number of the tubing, and18.1.2 Minimum, maximum, and average wall thickness.19. Precision and Bias19.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinformation has been presented to ASTM Inte

42、rnational uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has nobias because the value for wall thickness is determined solelyin terms of this test method.VOLATILE LOSS20. Significance and Use20.1 Volatile loss is indicative of th

43、e efficiency of removalof volatiles during processing, and may indicate the presenceof undesirable organic materials.21. Apparatus21.1 Analytical Balance, capable of weighing to the nearest0.001 g.21.2 Oven, forced-convection type, capable of maintainingthe temperature set point to the tolerances sh

44、own in theprocedure.21.3 Desiccator.22. Test Specimens22.1 Cut three specimens in full section from the sample ina manner such that each specimen is at least 10 in. (250 mm)long and weighs at least 2 g.23. Procedure23.1 (WarningSee 5.2.)23.2 Dry three specimens in an oven at 105 6 2.5C (220 64.5F) f

45、or 1 h, cool in a desiccator, and weigh immediatelyupon removal. Then, place the specimens on a horizontalsupport in an oven without touching each other or the sides ofthe oven, making certain to keep the specimens open through-out their entire lengths. Maintain the specimens at 300 6 3C(572 6 6F),

46、for 2 h. At the end of this period, remove thespecimens, cool in a desiccator, and weigh immediately uponremoval.24. Report24.1 Report the following information:24.1.1 Nominal size or size number of tubing, and24.1.2 Change in weight calculated as a percentage of theoriginal weight.25. Precision and

47、 Bias25.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinformation has been presented to ASTM International uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has nobias because the value for volatile loss is determined sol

48、ely interms of this test method.9A dial-type micrometer, Gage Model 57B-3, manufactured by Federal ProductsCorp., 1144 Eddy St., Providence, RI 02901, has been found satisfactory for thispurpose.D1675033PENETRATION TEST26. Procedure26.1 Determine the penetration temperature in accordancewith Test Me

49、thods D 876 with the following exception:26.1.1 (WarningSee 5.2.)26.1.2 To facilitate testing, the initial starting temperaturemay be taken at 150C (302F) instead of room temperature.For convenience, five penetration testers may be constructed totest simultaneously the required number of specimens.27. Precision and Bias27.1 This test method has been in use for many years, but noinformation has been presented to ASTM International uponwhich to base a statement of precision. No activity has beenplanned to develop such information. This test method has