[外语类试卷]考博英语模拟试卷184及答案与解析.doc

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1、考博英语模拟试卷 184及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 Thomas Wolfe portrayed people so that you came to know their yearnings, their impulses, and their wants-this was effective _. （ A） motivation （ B） point of view （ C） characterization （ D） background 2 The appeal to the senses known as _ is especially

2、common in poetry. （ A） imaginative （ B） imaginable （ C） ingenious （ D） imagery 3 If youve got a complaint, the best thing is to see the person concerned and _ with him. （ A） tell it （ B） have it out （ C） say it （ D） have it known 4 There have been several attempts to introduce gayer colors and style

3、s in mens clothing, but none of them _. （ A） has caught on （ B） has caught him out （ C） has caught up （ D） take it known 5 The retired engineer plunked down $50,100 in cash for a midsize Mercedes as a present for his wife-a purchase _ with money made in the stock the week before. （ A） paid off （ B）

4、paid through （ C） paid out （ D） paid for 6 He has courage all right, but in matters requiring judgment, he has often been found sadly _. （ A） lack it （ B） absent （ C） in need of it （ D） wanting 7 Danis Hayes raised the essential paradox and asked how people could have fought so hard against environm

5、ental degradation _ themselves now on the verge of losing the war. （ A） only found （ B） finding only （ C） only to find （ D） have only found 8 The once separate issue of environment and development are now _ linked. （ A） intangible （ B） indispensable （ C） inextricably （ D） incredibly 9 The need to se

6、e that justice is done _ every decision made in the courts. （ A） implants into （ B） imposes on （ C） impinges upon （ D） imprecates upon 10 Two thirds of the U.S. basketball players are black, and the number would be greater _ the continuing practice of picking white bench warmers for the sake of bala

7、nce. （ A） was it not because of （ B） had it not been for （ C） were it not for （ D） would it not have been for 11 No one would have time to read or listen to an account of everything _ going on in the world. （ A） it is （ B） there is （ C） as is （ D） what is 12 If there is the need to compete in a crow

8、d, to battle _ the edge the surest strategy is to develop the unexpected. （ A） on （ B） for （ C） against （ D） with 13 Just as there are occupations that require college or even higher degrees, _ occupations for which technical training is necessary. （ A） so too there are （ B） so also there are （ C） s

9、o there are too （ D） so too are there 14 It is a myth that the law permits the Food and Drug Administration to ignore requirements for _ drugs while brand-name drugs still must meet these rigid tests. （ A） specific （ B） generic （ C） intricate （ D） acrid 15 The very biggest and most murderous wars du

10、ring the industrial age were intraindustrial-wars that _ Second Wave nations like Germany and Britain against one another. （ A） pitted （ B） drove （ C） kept （ D） embarked 16 The private life of having each individual make his or her own choice of beliefs and interest _ without the overarching public

11、world of the state, which sustains a structure of law appropriate to a self-determining association. （ A） is not possible （ B） would not be possible （ C） will not be possible （ D） by which 17 From Christianity and the barbarian kingdoms of the west emerged the medieval version of politics _ in turn

12、evolved the politics of our modern world. （ A） of which （ B） from which （ C） on which （ D） by which 18 The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel, that man _ prince Henry the navigator, who lived in the 15th century. （ A） was （ B） was called （ C） calling （ D

13、） being 19 Grant was one of a body of men who were self-reliant _, who cared hardly anything for the past but had a sharp eye for the future. （ A） on themselves （ B） on not making a fault （ C） to a fault （ D） to remain ahead 20 Huntington and many of its competitors are working to make remedial inst

14、ruction a commodity as _ and accessible as frozen yogurt. （ A） ubiquitous （ B） rational （ C） necessary （ D） credible 21 The scheme for rebuilding the city center _, owing to the refusal of a council to sanction the expenditure of the money it would have required. （ A） fell down （ B） fell off （ C） fe

15、ll out （ D） fell flat 22 If they think they are going to win over us by obstinately _ and refusing to make the slightest concession, they are mistaken. （ A） holding out （ B） holding to （ C） holding over （ D） holding up 23 The possibility that the explosion was caused by sabotage cannot be _. （ A） br

16、oken out （ B） cancelled out （ C） ruled out （ D） wiped out 24 The ex-president had been _ in the country to refresh his mind before he passed away. （ A） given to walking （ B） given a walk （ C） given for a walk （ D） giving a walk 25 He did not relish appealing amongst his friends and _ of their critic

17、ism or censure. （ A） running short （ B） running out （ C） running the gauntlet （ D） running ahead 二、 Reading Comprehension 25 It was a normal day in the life of the American Red Cross in Greater New York. First, part of a building on West 140th Street, in Harlem, fell down. Beds tumbled through the a

18、ir, people slid out of their apartments and onto the ground, three people died, and the Red Cross was there, helping shocked residents find temporary shelter, and food and clothing. Then it was back downtown for that evenings big fund-raiser, the Eleventh Annual Red Cross Award Dinner Dance, at the

19、Pierre. “Thats why I have bad hair tonight,“ Said Christopher Peake, a Red Cross spokesman who had spent much of the day at the Harlem scene, in the drizzling rain. He was now in a tuxedo, and actually his hair didnt look so bad, framed by a centerpiece of tulips and jonquils, and perhaps improved b

20、y subdued lighting from eight crystal chandeliers. Definitely not having a bad-hair night was Elizabeth Dole, the wife of Senator Robert Dole and the president of the American Red Cross. President Dole has chestnut-colored Republican hair, which was softly coifed, and she was wearing a fitted burgun

21、dy velvet evening suit (“Someone made it for me! I love velvet, she exclaimed, in her enthusiastic, Northern Carolina hostess voice) and sparkling drop earrings. Of course, she hadnt been standing in the rain in Harlem; she had just flown up on the three-oclock shuttle from Washington. Dole is extre

22、mely pretty, with round green eyes and a full mouth and a direct personality. She tilts her head attentively when she listens. She was the recipient of the evenings award; previous award winners have included Alice Tully, Princess Yasmin Aga Khan, .and, most recently, Brooke Astor. Not exactly a seq

23、uence at the end of which you would expect to find Elizabeth Dole, but award givers are famous for having political instincts as well as philanthropic ones. Surrounded by the deep-blue swags and golden draperies of the ballroom were more than thirty-five dinner tables set with groupings of candles a

24、nd floral centerpieces and Royal Doulton china, American Express was there. So were Bristol-Myers Squibb; Coopers the New York Life; .and Price Waterhouse. The actress Arlene Dahl, with her rather red hair and her bearded husband, presided over one table. Otherwise, it was a typical, faceless, capta

25、in-of-industry fund raiser (No models! No stars!), of which there seems to be at least one every night in New York City. It was not a society night, but still the evening raised four hundred and thirty thousand dollars. 26 From what we read we can infer that “it was a normal day in the life of the A

26、merican Red Cross in Greater New York“ means its staff _. （ A） deal with the fall of houses in the city every day （ B） are busy helping people who suffer from disasters every day （ C） work during the day and to have banquet in the evening every day （ D） go to Harlem, the poorest district of New York

27、, every day and help people there 27 The fund-raiser mentioned in the passage refers to _. （ A） Robert Dole （ B） Elizabeth Dole （ C） The Eleventh Annual Red Cross Award Dinner Dance （ D） all the business companies attending the Dinner Dance 28 Christopher Peakes hair didnt look so bad because _. （ A

28、） he was wearing a handsome tuxedo （ B） he was wearing tulips on his suit （ C） he was seen among flowers （ D） he was sitting near flowers and in very soft light 29 Elizabeth Dole was _. （ A） the president of the American Red Cross and acted at the Dinner as a North Carolina hostess _. （ B） a republi

29、can and wife of the president of the American Red Cross （ C） the president of the American Red Cross and its main representative at the Annual Dinner Dance （ D） born in North Carolina, became an air-hostess and later married Senator Robert Dole 30 The presence of an actress at the Dinner made the fu

30、nd raising _. （ A） less impersonal （ B） a typical fund-raising event （ C） less personal （ D） more business-like 30 For laymen ethnology is probably the most interesting of the biological sciences for the very reason that it concerns animals in their normal activities and therefore, if we wish, we ca

31、n assess the possible, dangers and advantages in our own behavioral roots. Ethnology also is interesting methodologically because it combines in new ways very scrupulous field observations with experimentations in laboratories. The field workers have had some handicaps in winning respect for themsel

32、ves. For a long time they were considered as little better than amateur animal-watchers-certainly not scientists, since their facts were not gained by experimental procedures, they could not conform to the hard-and-fast rule that a problem set up and solved by one scientist must be tested by other s

33、cientists, under identical conditions and reaching identical results. Of course many situations in the lives of animals simply cannot be rehearsed and controlled in this way. The fall flocking of wild free birds cant be, or the homing of animals over long distances, or even details of spontaneous fa

34、mily relationships. Since these never can be reproduced in a laboratory, are they then not worth knowing about? The ethnologists who choose field work have got themselves out of this impasse by greatly refining the techniques of observing. At the start of a project all the animals to be studied are

35、live-trapped, marked individually, and released. Motion pictures, often in color, provide permanent records of their subsequent activities. Recording of the animals voices by electrical sound equipment is considered essential, and the most meticulous notes are kept of all that occurs. With this mate

36、rial other biologists, far from the scene, later can verify the reports. Moreover, two field observers often go out together, checking each others observations right there in the field. Ethnology, the word, is derived from the Greek ethos, meaning the characteristic traits or features which distingu

37、ish a group-any particular group of people or, in biology, a group of animals such as a species. Ethnologists have the intention of studying “the whole sequence of acts which constitute an animals behavior.“ In abridged dictionaries ethnology is sometimes defined simply as “the objective study of an

38、imal behavior,“ and ethnologists do emphasize their wish to eliminate myths. 31 In the first sentence, the word “laymen“ means _. （ A） people who stand aside （ B） people who are not trained as biologists （ C） people who are amateur biologists （ D） people who love animals 32 According to the passage,

39、 ethnology is _. （ A） a new branch of biology （ B） an old Greek science （ C） a pseudo-science （ D） a science for amateurs 33 “The field workers have handicaps in winning respect for themselves.“ This sentence means _. （ A） ethnologists when working in the field are handicapped （ B） ethnologists have

40、 problems in winning recognition as scientists （ C） ethnologists are looked down upon when they work in the field （ D） ethnologists meet with lots of difficulties when doing field work 34 According to the explanation of the scientific rule of experiment in the passage, “hard-and-fast“ means experime

41、nt procedures _. （ A） are difficult and quick to follow （ B） must be carried out in a strict and quick way （ C） must be followed strictly to avoid false and loose results （ D） hard and unreasonable for scientists to observe 35 The meaning of the underlined words in “the details of spontaneous family

42、 relationships“ can be expressed as _. （ A） natural family relationships （ B） quickly occurring family relationships （ C） animals acting like a natural family （ D） animal family behavior that cannot be preplanned or controlled 35 The single greatest shift in the history of mass-communication technol

43、ogy occurred in the 15th century, and was well described by Victor Hugo in a famous chapter of Notre Dame de Paris. It was a Cathedral. On all parts of the giant building, statuary and stone representations of every kind, combined with huge widows of stained glass, told the stories of the Bible and

44、the saints, displayed the intricacies of Christian theology, adverted to the existence of highly unpleasant demonic winged creatures, referred diplomatically to the majesties of political power, and in addition, by means of bells in bell towers, told time for the benefit of all of Pairs and much of

45、France. It was an awesome engine of communication. Then came the transition to something still more awesome. The new technology of mass communication was portable, could sit on your table, and was easily replicable, and yet, paradoxically, contained more information, more systematically presented, t

46、han even the largest of cathedrals. It was the printed book. Though it provided no bells and could not tell time, the over-all superiority of the new invention was unmistakable. In the last ten or twenty years, we have been undergoing a more or less equivalent shift-this time to a new life as a comp

47、uter-using population. The gain in portability, capability, ease, orderliness, accuracy, reliability, and information-storage over anything achievable by pen scribbling, typewriting, and cabinet filing is recognized by all. The progress for civilization is undeniable and, plainly, irreversible. Yet,

48、 just as the books triumph over the cathedral divided people into two groups, one of which prospered, while the other lapsed into gloom, the computers triumph has also divided the human race. You have only to bring a computer into a room to see that some people begin at once to buzz with curiosity a

49、nd excitement, sit down to conduct experiments, ooh and ah at the boxes and beeps, and master the use of the computer or a new program as quickly as athletes playing a delightful new game. But how difficult it is-how grim and frightful!-for the other people, the defeated class, whose temperament does not naturally respond to computers. The machine whirries and glows before them and their