[外语类试卷]笔译二级实务模拟试卷2及答案与解析.doc
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1、笔译二级实务模拟试卷 2及答案与解析 SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (30 points) 1 It is not my contention that chemical insecticides must never be used. I do contend that we have put poisonous and biologically potent chemicals indiscriminately into the hands of persons largely or wholly ignorant of their potentials
2、 for harm. We have subjected enormous numbers of people to contact with these poisons, without their consent and often without their knowledge. If the Bill of Rights contains no guarantee that a citizen shall be secure against lethal poisons distributed either by private individuals or by public off
3、icials, it is surely only because our forefathers, despite their considerable wisdom and foresight, could conceive of no such problem. I contend, furthermore, that we have allowed these chemicals to be used with little or no advance investigation of their effect on soil, water, wildlife and man hims
4、elf. Future generations are unlikely to condone our lack of prudent concern for the integrity of the natural world that supports all life. There is still very limited awareness of the nature of the threat. This is an era of specialists, each of whom sees his own problem and is unaware of or intolera
5、nt of the larger frame into which it fits. It is also an era dominated by industry, in which the right to make a dollar at whatever cost is seldom challenged. When the public protests, confronted with some obvious evidence of damaging results of pesticide applications, it is fed little tranquilizing
6、 pills of half truth. We urgently need an end to these false assurances, to the sugar coating of unpalatable facts. It is the public that is being asked to assume the risks that the insect controllers calculate. The public must decide whether it wishes to continue on the present road, and it can do
7、so only when in full possession of the facts. In the words of Jean Rostand, “The obligation to endure gives us the right to know.“ SECTION 2 Optional Translation (30 points) 2 A 17-year U. S. study has finally answered one of the most pressing questions about diabetes: Can tight control of blood sug
8、ar prevent heart attacks and strokes? The answer, reported Thursday in The New England Journal of Medicine, is yes. Intense control can reduce the risk by nearly half. And, the study found, the effect occurred even though the patients had only had a relatively brief period of intense blood sugar con
9、trol when they were young adults. None the less, more than a decade later, when they reached middle age, when heart disease and strokes normally start to appear, they were protected. The study involved those with Type 1 diabetes, which usually arises early in life and involves the death of insulin-s
10、ecreting cells. The question of whether rigid blood sugar control protects against heart disease and strokes has divided the field for decades, diabetes researchers said. “Its really a major question that has been around for a long time,“ said Dr. Judith Fradkin, who directs diabetes research at the
11、 National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Researchers knew that diabetes was linked to heart disease at least two-thirds of diabetics die of heart disease. But although studies showed that controlling blood sugar protects against damage to the eyes, kidneys and nerves, there
12、 was no conclusive evidence that it would have the same effect on heart disease and strokes. “In that sense, this is a landmark study,“ said Fradkin. But the result also gives rise to questions: Does the same effect occur in people with Type 2 diabetes, which usually occurs later in life and involve
13、s an inability to respond to insulin? And why would tight control of blood sugar for one brief period have such a pronounced effect later? Fradkin said she expected the results would hold for Type 2 diabetes. Another large U. S. federal study is addressing that question, she notes, but it is already
14、 known that tight control of blood sugar in Type 2 diabetes protects against nerve, kidney and eye damage, just as it does with Type 1 diabetes. In addition, a study in Britain hinted although it did not demonstrate that Type 2 diabetics who keep their blood sugar low have less heart disease and str
15、okes. Fradkin said she hoped the emerging evidence and improving therapies would make a difference. 3 Our tragedy today is a general and universal physical fear so long sustained by now that we can even bear it. There are no longer problems of the spirit. There is only the question: when will I be b
16、lown up? Because of this, the young man or woman writing today has forgotten the problems of the human heart in conflict with itself which alone can make good writing because only that is worth writing about, worth the agony and sweat. He must learn them again. He must teach himself that the basest
17、of all things is to be afraid; and, teaching himself that, forget it forever, leaving no room in his workshop for anything but the old verities and truths of the heart, the old universal truths lacking which any story is ephemeral and doomed, love and honor and pity and pride and compassion and sacr
18、ifice. Until he does so he labors under a curse. He writes not of love but of lust, of defeat in which nobody loses anything of value, of victories without hope and worst of all without pity, or compassion. He writes not of the heart but of the glands. Until he relearns these things he will write as
19、 though he stood among and watched the end of man. I decline to accept the end of man. It is easy enough to say that man is immortal simply because he will endure; that when the last ding-dong of doom has changed and faded from the last worthless rock hanging tideless in the last red and dying eveni
20、ng, that even then there will still be one more sound: that of his puny inexhaustible voice, still talking. I refuse to accept this. I believe that man will not merely endure: he will prevail. He is immortal, not because he alone among creatures has an inexhaustible voice, but because he has a soul,
21、 a spirit capable of compassion and sacrifice and endurance. The poets, the writers duty is to write about these things. It is his privilege to help man endure by lifting his heart, by reminding him of the courage and honor and hope and pride and compassion and pity and sacrifice which have been the
22、 glory of his past. The poets voice need not merely be the record of man, it can be one of the props, the pillars to help him endure and prevail. SECTION 1 Compulsory Translation (20 points) 4 作为短期项目,中国已经开始中等距离地将黄河水引到大城市里去。但是中国政府还有更大的计划,作为一个长期战略性项目,它将发起一个 庞大工程,南水北调工程。这个项目由三条路线组成,东线、中线和西线,将分别从长江的上游、中
23、游和下游调水以满足华北和西北地区对水的需求。这项工程投资 5000亿元 (600亿美元 ),调水量将达 380-480亿立方米,相当于长江年水流量的 5%。 这项工程 2002年在东线 715英里,中线 774英里的距离上已经展开,预计到2010年完工,花费大约为 1800亿元 (220亿美元 ),届时这两条线路将调水 160亿立方米甚至更多。花费最大的西线至今还停留在制图版上。以 2000年价格计算,世界银行估计该工程的投资、运行和维护 费用平均大约为每立方米两元。 SECTION 2 Optional Translation (20 points) 5 众所周知,鸟无翅膀不能飞,人无双腿不
24、能走。但对尹小星而言,鸟无翅膀不能飞,人无双腿却能走 ! 1970年出生于江苏一户农民家庭的尹小星,出生仅 8个月就患小儿麻痹症并发急性肺炎。虽然最终保住了命,他却再也不能站立。因为身体残疾,初中毕业后小星不得不辍学。生存的压力对他来说显得格外沉重,他贩过水果,养过鸡,还下工夫学习过中医。 在他 21岁的时候,这个年轻人 竞怀揣一幅地图,手持一个指南针,摇着轮椅踏上了走遍全中国的艰难路途。 近 12年来小星手摇轮椅,足迹遍布 31个省、市、自治区,行程 7万多公里,用坏了 4部轮椅。他实现了徒手攀登泰山、华山、衡山等 20多座名山,孤身翻越海拔 5231米的唐古拉山,手摇轮椅走过丝绸之路,穿越
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