[外语类试卷]大学英语四级模拟试卷660及答案与解析.doc

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1、大学英语四级模拟试卷 660及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on American TV Dramas. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given belo W: 1在中国，美剧越来越受到年轻人 的欢迎 2有人认为看美剧能够提高英语水平，有人认为美剧会给青少年带来不良影响 3我的观点 My View

2、on American TV Dramas 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-7, mark： Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the inform

3、ation given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 How to Start a Business As the worst global downturn since the second world war forces UK companies to cut down the staff at

4、a record pace, more and more Britons are thinking about starting their own business. Striking out on your own in such times might seem risky but if youve been sitting on a great business idea, being made redundant (被解雇的 ) could provide you with the starting point you need. In a downturn, competition

5、 declines and office space, stock and advertising become cheaper. It will encourage you to barter and teach you how to run a business on a budget. Downturns often encourage creativity as wellApple, Microsoft and Facebook were all recession startups. Ray Gaines, entrepreneur and author of Start Your

6、Own Business, says that if someone sets up a business now, it would take about six months to get it up and running, by which time Britain is expected to have climbed out of recession and consumers should have a new-found confidence. Setting up on your own will by no means be easy, but the tips below

7、 should help get you thinking about the steps and potential problems you may face. 1. Making a business plan If you decide to take the plunge to go it alone, the first thing you must do is to draw up a realistic business planthis is a working document that describes the business, its objectives, its

8、 strategies, the market it is in and its financial forecasts. A bank would not consider lending money to help start a business unless you could show it a detailed business plan. A template (模板 ) for a business plan can be found on the governments Business Link website. It also contains information a

9、bout local workshops which offer guidance on writing business plans. A good business plan should be at least half a dozen pages long and must be well presented in a binder. “Good presentation goes a long way and says a lot about you.“ says Gaines. 2. Getting access to finance Once you have a detaile

10、d business plan and enough evidence to believe that your idea is viable (可行的 )， it is time to go and see the bank manager. Unless you have sufficient funds or family or friends who are willing and able to financially support your business, you will most likely need to obtain a business loan from a b

11、ank. It is important to shop around to find which bank offers the best deal and who you feel most comfortable with. “The important thing is that they give you the support you need and that you get on with them. Make sure what youre getting is right for you and your business,“ says Sear. You must als

12、o expect that, in these straitened (贫困的 ) times, some bank managers will turn you down or offer you less money, but Gaines urges you to not be deterred. “I was turned down by what was then Midland Bank for my printing business and was told by the manager that it was unlikely to get off the ground. T

13、he business has just celebrated its 14th successful year of trading,“ he says. As well as a loan, banks can offer a facility. This is an amount of money reserved for you that you can draw from when you need it. It is effectively a form of a loan but you do not necessarily use it in one go. If you us

14、e a facility, you only pay interest on the money you have actually used. A number of organizations such as the Princes Trust, and government-backed schemes including the Enterprise Finance Guarantee scheme, offer grants and loans to people who want to start a business. 3. Developing a survival strat

15、egy You must make sure you are running your business correctly and abiding by the law. Phil McCabe, a spokesman for the Forum of Private Business (FPB), says： “One of the biggest stumbling blocks to people starting a business can be understanding all the legislation. That can be tax, employment, tra

16、de, health and safety or environmentrelated to name but a few, and it can be quite confusing if youve never run your own business.“ Your bank manager, accountant and HM Revenue the information content is low, and instruction is 【 B7】_. However, the quality newspapers put a much lower emphasis on 【 B

17、8】 _. It is not only in content that the two types of paper differ. 【 B9】 _. The popular papers generally use more dramatic language with a lot of wordplay. This means that popular newspapers are easier for a native speaker to understand. 【 B10】 _, since you can tell simply by the way it looks. Popu

18、lar papers are generally smaller with fewer columns per page. They have bigger headlines and more photographs. There is a greater variety of typeface and printed symbols. 【 B11】 _. Larger headlines, pictures and positions on the page all serve to draw the readers attention. 37 【 B1】 38 【 B2】 39 【 B3

19、】 40 【 B4】 41 【 B5】 42 【 B6】 43 【 B7】 44 【 B8】 45 【 B9】 46 【 B10】 47 【 B11】 Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefu

20、lly before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item with a single line through the center. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. 47 Oversleeping on Saturday after a few weeks of too little shutey

21、e may feel refreshing, but it can give a false sense of security. New research shows【 S1】 _sleep loss cannot be cured that easily. Scientists studied the effects of short- and long-term sleep loss respectively and found that people with long-term sleep loss may function normally soon after waking up

22、, but experience steadily slower reaction times as the day【 S2】 _on, even if they had tried to catch up the previous night. It is work with important safety【 S3】 _in an increasingly busy society, not just for shift-workers but for the【 S4】 _one in six Americans who regularly get six hours or less of

23、 sleep a night. “We know that staying awake 24 hours in a row impairs ones performance to a level【 S5】_to a blood-alcohol content beyond the legal limit to drive,“ said lead researcher Dr. Daniel Cohen of Bostons Brigham and Womens Hospital. The National Institutes of Health says adults need seven h

24、ours to nine hours of sleep for good health. Regularly getting too little sleep increases the risk of health problems, including memory impairment and a weakened【 S6】 _system. More immediately, too little sleep affects reaction times； sleepiness is to blame for car【 S7】 _and other accidents. It is【

25、S8】 _important for anyone who works “crazy hours“ and thinks they are performing fine with a few hours of weeknight sleep, said Shelby Freedman Harris, behavioral sleep-medicine director at New Yorks Montefiore Medical Center, who was not【 S9】 _with the new research. “Dont think you can just【 S10】 _

26、on your sleep on the weekend, because it doesnt work that way,“ Harris warned. A) acute F) crush K) wears B) comparable G) chronic L) complement C) degrade H) immune M) imparts D) roughly I) involved N) crashes E) critically J) bank O) implications 48 【 S1】 49 【 S2】 50 【 S3】 51 【 S4】 52 【 S5】 53 【 S

27、6】 54 【 S7】 55 【 S8】 56 【 S9】 57 【 S10】 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 57 A private company announced

28、Wednesday that its launching its own greenhouse gas measuring network to supplement governmental and academic efforts that have tracked greenhouse emissions for decades. Carbon dioxidethe greenhouse gas deemed most responsible for global warminghas been continuously measured in the Earths atmosphere

29、 since 1958. The measurements have been overseen by the federal governments National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. The new sensor network will be overseen in a joint venture between Washington, D. C.-based Earth Networks, formerly AW

30、S Convergence Technologies, and Scripps. Earth Networks is parent company of the popular WeatherBug weather network and computer application used by consumers, schools, government agencies and TV stations. “We have the largest network of weather sensors in the world,“ says Robert Marshall, CEO and f

31、ounder of Earth Networks. Marshall says the new sensors will piggyback (借助 ) on some of the companys existing 8 000 weather sensors. The greenhouse gas sensors will be networked directly into the weather sensor network, Earth Networks says. Because the Earth Networks infrastructure is already deploy

32、ed, the greenhouse sensors can be deployed quickly. Marshall says the network will be devoted to measuring carbon dioxide, methane (甲烷 ) and other greenhouse gases. Over the next two years, it will consist of 100 sensors worldwide: 50 in the US, 25 in western Europe and 25 in the rest of the world.

33、The company will invest $ 25 million over the next five years to deploy and operate the network. Earth Networks, in Germantown, Md., is working closely with scientists from Scripps, since Scripps deployed the first carbon dioxide sensor more than a half century agoin 1958, at the Mauna Loa volcano i

34、n Hawaii. That remains the longest continuous record of atmospheric concentrations (浓度 ) of carbon dioxide in the world. The announcement was made Wednesday at Scripps in La Jolla, Calif. , where the first new sensor was deployed. A second will be deployed soon in Washington, D.C. 58 Why does a comp

35、any launch its own greenhouse gas measuring network? （ A） This company wants to take its responsibility. （ B） This company tries to measure greenhouse gas in the atmosphere. （ C） The government and academic institutions ask the company to do so. （ D） This company intends to add its efforts to monito

36、ring greenhouse gas. 59 Who will be in charge of the new sensor network? （ A） Earth Networks and AWS Convergence Technologies. （ B） AWS Convergence Technologies and Washington. D.C. （ C） Earth Networks and Scripps. （ D） Scripps and Washington, D.C. 60 What can we learn about the greenhouse gas senso

37、rs according to Earth Networks? （ A） They can be connected directly into the weather sensor network. （ B） They can be deployed quickly because everything is ready. （ C） They can be used quickly for the existing 8 000 weather sensors. （ D） They will become the largest greenhouse gas sensors in the wo

38、rld. 61 What does Marshall say about the greenhouse gas network? （ A） The network will be widely used in the world. （ B） The network will be firstly deployed in America. （ C） The network will measure greenhouse gases in two years. （ D） The network will be used to measure greenhouse gases. 62 Why is

39、Earth Networks cooperating with scientists from Scripps? （ A） The company will invest $ 25 million over the next five years. （ B） Earth Networks needs help from the scientists from Scripps. （ C） Scripps has a lot of experience and can give help to Earth Networks. （ D） Scripps is the most well-known

40、institution in America. 62 Why are workers prone to sending each other pictures of lovely animals or viral videos that provoke choked giggles in small bedrooms around the world? New research suggests that people use these types of so-called distractions to subconsciously boost their moods, which can

41、 lead to increased creativity and better problem solving in the workplace. Researchers from the University of Western Ontario divided study participants into three groups and put them into specific moods using music and video. The first group listened to an upbeat Mozart piece and watched a video of

42、 a laughing baby; the second listened to a musical score from the movie Schindlers List and watched a news report about an earthquake) and the third listened to music and watched a video that were shown not to affect mood. Volunteers were then asked to learn to recognize a pattern that existed in a

43、problem. The results of the study, which were published in Psychological Science, the journal of the Association for Psychological Science, showed that the participants in the happy group were vastly better at discerning the pattern than those who were put into negative or neutral moods. Ruby Nadler

44、, one of the study researchers and a graduate student at the University of Ontario, said the takeaway from this study was that positive moods are helpful in enhancing creative problem solving, while also promoting flexible and careful thinking. “If you have a project where you want to think innovati

45、vely, or you have a problem to carefully consider, being in a positive mood can help you to do that,“ Nadler said in a news release for the Association for Psychological Science. So next time your coworker sends you a link to the latest laugh-inducing viral video, take a moment to check it out befor

46、e tackling the most complicated item on your to-do list. Your boss will thank you. 63 What should workers do if they want to better problem solving according to the research? （ A） They should listen to Mozart when they are working. （ B） They should send amusing pictures and videos to each other. （ C

47、） They should have a good rest in their small bedrooms. （ D） They should send lovely animals and videos about them. 64 Why were the study participants asked to listen to music and watch videos? （ A） In order to ask them to recognize a pattern. （ B） In order to show them different music and videos. （

48、 C） In order to increase their creative ability. （ D） In order to put them into different moods. 65 What kind of mood do the second group feel according to the third paragraph? （ A） Contented. （ B） Sad. （ C） Happy. （ D） Indifferent. 66 What does Ruby Nadler learn from the study? （ A） Good moods help

49、 people become inflexible and careless. （ B） Good moods help people create problems. （ C） Good moods help people think creatively and carefully. （ D） Good moods help people get a good promotion. 67 What does the sentence “Your boss will thank you. “ (Line 2, Para. 5) mean? （ A） Your boss is satisfied with you because you complete the hardest job. （ B） You send the latest laugh-inducing viral video to your coworkers. （ C） You help your boss check the lat