[外语类试卷]大学英语六级(阅读)模拟试卷18及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级(阅读)模拟试卷 18及答案与解析 Section B Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice. 0 The news about the worlds oceans in 2003 wasn
2、t that theyre in trouble that much was already clear but that the scale of devastation is far greater than anyone had realized. A shocking study revealed that a full 90 percent of the species most desirable to fishmongers(鱼商 ) tuna, halibut, sharks, swordfish, grouper has been wiped out in the past
3、half century. But there was hopeful news as well. An alternative to conventional fishing practices, while not a cure-all(万灵药 ), could significantly restore ravaged fish populations. The chilling centerpiece of last years marine research: just 50 years of industrial fishing has decimated(大批杀害 )the wo
4、rlds large predator(食肉动物 )fish species, according to a report published in Nature in May. Irresponsible fishing practices have resulted severe casualties: Shrimp trawling(拖网捕捞 )in the Gulf of Mexico, for example, a reckless process in which, for every ton of shrimp obtained, three tons of fin-fish(长
5、须鲸 )are destroyed and discarded has shrunk large fish stocks a thousandfold. “Across the board weve removed everything bigger than a bicycle from the o-cean,“ says Steve Palumbi, a Stanford University biologist, “and that has almost certainly changed the ocean in fundamental ways. “ But the urgent n
6、eed for large-scale conservation efforts is on a collision course with economic pressures to expand fishing even further, according to a 2003 report by the Pew Oceans Commission, an independent expert panel, as well as preliminary reports from members of the Bush-appointed U. S. commission on Ocean
7、Policy. Americans are eating more seafood than ever: Consumption was up 7 percent in 2002, to 4. 5 billion pounds. Worldwide, more than 130 billion pounds of marine species are caught annually, and that doesnt include the huge amount of sea life destroyed as by-catch. More than a billion people rely
8、 on fish for protein. “ We need to change the whole ethic of how we are viewing the oceans,“ says Andrew Rosenberg, a member of the Commission on Ocean Policy, “ from a place that we use to a place we care for. “ In September marine biologists Fiona Gell and Callum Roberts of the University of York
9、in England offered a solution, boldly asserting that at least 30 percent of the worlds ocean habitat had to become safe zones for marine life. Its a practical, not a sentimental matter, they contend. After studying 60 no-fishing zones around the world, Gell and Roberts discovered that the fish there
10、 live longer, grow larger, and produce more young than those in unprotected areas. Significantly, as populations growing, many fish head into less crowded areas outside the reserve, where fishermen reap the benefits indefinitely. “Its a no-brainer(无需用脑的事 ), really, isnt it?“ Roberts observes. “Like
11、money in the bank producing interest. “ 1 Whats the news about the oceans in 2003? ( A) People ignore what the oceans are suffering. ( B) The scale of the ocean devastation is out of our expectation. ( C) The fishmongers are making effort to improve their fishing practices. ( D) The oceans are losin
12、g many rare species. 2 What is the alternative to conventional fishing practices according to the passage? ( A) Setting up an ocean reserve which bans heavy fishing. ( B) Banning and opening fishing by turning around the world. ( C) Limiting the total amount of fishing of all the countries. ( D) Set
13、ting up more no-fishing zones around the world. 3 The author mentions Americas increasing seafood consumption to show_. ( A) the different life styles the Americans have ( B) U. S. should be blamed for the devastation of oceans ( C) how high the economic pressures on ocean reserves are ( D) the grea
14、t influence of human life on natural surroundings 4 Why are finfish destroyed in the process of shrimp trawling in the Gulf of Mexico? ( A) They are by-catch. ( B) They are dangerous. ( C) They grow too big. ( D) They have no economic value. 5 What does Roberts mean by “ Like money in the bank produ
15、cing interest“(Line 9, Para. 4)? ( A) Fish of outside the reserve dont meet the need. ( B) The reserve will surely benefit fishermen. ( C) Marine life is of great worth, as money in bank. ( D) We should love marine species as money. 5 Would some degree of warming be bad for most societies and natura
16、l environments? “During the 20th century, “ writes Dr. Patrick Michaels, “we have already proceeded more than half way to doubling the natural carbon dioxide greenhouse effect. Here is what resulted: Life expectancy doubled in the free and developed world. The developing world is catching up as thei
17、r emissions rise. Corn production peracre increased fivefold. The growing season in the coldest latitudes increased slightly, but enough to increase greenness by 10 percent. “ The small amount of warming that occurred during the past century consisted primarily of increased minimum temperatures at n
18、ight and during winters. This means higher average temperatures, should they occur, would not result in more daytime evaporation, which some claim would lead to droughts and desertification. Warmer winters would mean longer growing seasons and less stress on most plants and wildlife, producing a sub
19、stantial benefit for the global ecosystem. Finally, past warming has been accompanied by increased cloudiness, a phenomenon also predicted by most global climate models. This means a warmer world would probably be a wetter world, which once again would be beneficial to most plant and animal life. Ex
20、-Vice President Al Gore claimed that “ hundreds of millions of people may well become even more susceptible to the spread of diseases when populations of pests, germs, and viruses migrate with the changing climate patterns“. Gore has also claimed that global warming will cause floods, droughts, heav
21、y rainfall, forest fires, retreating glaciers, and heavier snowfall. In addition to often being at odds with each other, Gores claims are at odds with most scientific research. The two historical epidemics described by Gore to validate his prediction were unrelated to climate change. The Black Death
22、, for example, was transmitted by rats, which flourish in cool as well as warm climates. Cholera has been a threat in warm as well as cold climates, and is readily brought under control by treating water supplies with chlorine(氯 ). The latest research suggests that sea levels would decline, not rise
23、, if temperatures rise, due to increased evaporation from the oceans and subsequent precipitation over land. Increasing polar temperatures by a few degrees would not cause ice or snow to melt because the original temperatures are so low that an increase of a few degrees would leave them well below f
24、reezing. The IPCC itself found “ inadequate data to determine whether consistent global changes in climate variability or weather extremes have occurred over the 20th century,“ with some regions exhibiting greater variability and others less. In short, a slightly warmer world would probably be green
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