[外语类试卷]大学英语六级模拟试卷326及答案与解析.doc
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1、大学英语六级模拟试卷 326及答案与解析 一、 Part I Writing (30 minutes) 1 Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a short essay entitled On Buying Second hand Textbooks. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given bellow. 1. 有人认为买二手书好; 2. 有人认为买二手书不好; 3. 我的看法。 On Buying Sec
2、ond-hand Textbooks 二、 Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions attached to the passage. For questions 1-4, mark: Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the informati
3、on given in the passage; N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. 1 Isnt It Time to Right the Wrong? By Tom Seligson In the summer of 1944, Port Chicago a Navy base 30 miles northeast of San Franc
4、isco was the scene of a devastating explosion. Hundreds of lives were lost in whats considered the deadliest home-front disaster of the war. Most of the dead and injured were African-Americans, put in harms way by a segregated military little concerned for their safety. Worse, racism lay at the hear
5、t of the disaster and later of an event that has been called one of the biggest miscarriages of justice in our history. At the time, Port Chicago was the busiest ammunition depot on the West Coast. The sailors worked around the clock, loading bombs, depth charges and torpedoes onto ships headed for
6、the Pacific theater. In the segregated U.S. Navy, the job of loading the deadly ammunition was performed only by black sailors. “To find yourself loading ammunition was a disappointment,“ recalls Robert Routh, an African-American sailor from Memphis who was 19 at the time. “We all wanted to be actua
7、lly fighting. But we knew that what we did was essential to the war.“ Essential but risky. “Loading ammunition was extremely dangerous,“ explains Robert L. Allen, author of The Port Chicago Mutiny and the foremost authority on the events. “The sailors were given no training for it. On top of that, i
8、t was common practice for the officers to pit the men against each other, betting to see who could load their boat the fastest.“ A Coast Guard detail working at the port warned the Navy that these unsafe conditions could lead to a disaster. The Navy refused to change its procedures, and the Coast Gu
9、ard withdrew its men. The Night Calm Was Shattered On the evening of July 17, 1944, two cargo ships were tied up at the pier. The E. A. Bryan was almost fully loaded with 4600 tons of cluster bombs, depth charges and 40 millimeter shells. The Quinalt Victory had just docked. Robert Routh and fellow
10、sailor Percy Robinson, 18, from Chicago, were in their barracks. At 10: 19, the night calm was shattered. “I was in my bunk when the explosion occurred,“ recalls Robinson. “I was looking out the window, and all of a sudden everything turned to sun light. 1 jumped up to see what was happening, and th
11、en I felt the concussion. I instinctively covered my face with my arms. Then a second explosion lifted me up and knocked me to the floor.“ Robert Routh also turned toward the window at the first explosion. “It was the greatest fireworks you ever wanted to see,“ he recalls. It also was the last thing
12、 he ever saw. “With the second explosion, glass went everywhere. It was a combination of the glass and the concussion that destroyed my eyes.“ The second explosion was so powerful that seismographs (地震仪 ) at Berkeley recorded it as an earthquake. The E.A. Bryan was blown into tiny pieces. The Quinal
13、t Victory was ripped apart, and Port Chicagos wooden pier was completely destroyed. The human cost was even worse. Everyone on the pier and aboard the two ships was killed. Of the 320 fatalities, 202 were black. And of the 390 injured, 233 were black. As bad as it was, though, the disaster might not
14、 have made history if it werent for what followed. The Navys Insult A Navy court of inquiry ruled out sabotage. It heard testimony about the unsafe conditions at the port, but its final report absolved the white officers of any responsibility and blamed the tragedy on “rough handling“ of the ex plos
15、ives by the black sailors. Then the white officers were granted 30-day leaves. “None of the black sailors were granted leaves,“ says Robinson, who suffered lacerations (裂伤 ) to his face, head and arms. “I requested 30 days of leave, which youre entitled to if youre wounded. 1 was turned down.“ In st
16、ead, they were given the grim task of collecting the remains of their fellow sailors. “You can imagine the psychological impact this had,“ says Routh. “My loss of sight was traumatic, but everyone had traumatic needs, physical or mental. And no help was given.“ The Sailors Take a Stand Instead, thre
17、e weeks after the explosion, the black sailors were ordered back to work. But the men had had enough. Of the 328 ordered to resume loading ammunition, 258 refused. Rouths blindness had ended his military Service, but Robinson just released from the hospital was among those who balked. “We all had ou
18、r reasons for not going back to work,“ he ex plains. “Some were afraid of another explosion. I was angry that they wouldnt let me go home.“ All 258 black sailors were locked up on a barge. “A few days later, we were led out and addressed by the admiral,“ recalls Robinson. “He told us that if we didn
19、t go back to work, we would be charged with mutiny (哗变 ). And mutiny is punishable by death by a firing squad. I believed he meant it, so I was one of 208 men who stepped forward. I was put in prison anyway. I was charged with disobeying an order.“ The 50 sailors who still refused to go back to work
20、 were, in fact, charged with mutiny. Mutiny Charged It was the largest mass-mutiny trial in U.S. Navy history. “Their lawyer was a junior officer going up against senior officers,“ explains Robert L. Allen. “He took the position that the men were in shock and fear, and that led to a work stoppage. T
21、here was no conspiracy to commit mutiny. This was nothing but a peaceful sit-down strike.“ The trial received a lot of attention and was followed closely by Thurgood Marshall, the future Supreme Court justice who was then chief counsel for the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Color
22、ed People). Fully aware of the conditions at Port Chicago and how segregation, un fair treatment and discriminatory orders had contributed to the incident, Marshall noted: “This is not 50 men on trial for mutiny. This is the Navy on trial for its whole vicious policy toward Negroes.“ Injustice Conti
23、nued But after 32 days of hearings, the court deliberated only 80 minutes be fore finding all the sailors guilty. They were sentenced to 15 years in prison. The 208 sailors who had initially joined them were imprisoned for 90 days, then given summary courts-martial and bad-conduct discharges. The ve
24、rdicts caused a public uproar in black communities. Thurgood Marshall appealed the case to the Pentagon, and even Eleanor Roosevelt be came involved. But the Navy refused to reconsider the convictions. It wasnt until 1946, in the general euphoria (兴奋 ) over the end of the war, that the Port Chicago
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