[外语类试卷]大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷113及答案与解析.doc

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1、大学英语六级改革适用（阅读）模拟试卷 113及答案与解析 Section C 0 As anyone who has been to Japan knows, there are strict rules about bathing in onsen(温泉 ), or hot springs. Bodies must be scrubbed beforehand, swimming trunks are banned and tattoos are taboo. The industrys management scope extends far beyond the tub, however

2、. For decades, onsen owners have hindered development of a huge potential source of clean energy: geothermal(地热的 )power. They argue that the tapping of heated aquifers(蓄水层 )in volcanic Japan will drain the onsen dry, increase pollution and ruin a cherished form of relaxation. With Japan on the verge

3、 of running out of nuclear power, however, the demand for new sources of energy is becoming harder to resist. Three Japanese companies Toshiba, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries and Fuji Electriccontrol more than half of the global market for geothermal turbines(涡轮机 ), yet Japan itself gets a mere 0. 3% o

4、f its energy, or 537 megawatts, from its own steam. The industrys promoters say that Japan sits on about 20, 000 MW of geothermal energy, or the equivalent of 20 nuclear reactors, though not all of this could be developed. Since the disaster at Fukushima last year, all but one of the nations 54 nucl

5、ear reactors are now temporarily suspended, reducing Japans power-generating capacity by about a third. That has accelerated the search for alternatives. In July the government is set to introduce a feed-in tariff that will force the ten regional electricity monopolies to buy renewable energy at abo

6、ve-market rates though a price has not yet been set. At the end of March the environment ministry said it would abolish guidelines that restrict geothermal development in some national parks. Experts say the long time lag reflects some of the difficulties of developing new business in Japan. Tetsuna

7、ri Iida, head of the Institute for Sustainable Energy Policies, says the country needs a “strong and wise government“ that can persuade the onsen owners and local communities that the industry would not spoil their spas. He also says the country needs companies with strong balance-sheets and a robus

8、t risk culture to lead the way. Having the worlds best turbine manufacturers is not enough, he says. To speed things up, Japan could also look overseas for help. Iceland, for instance, generates the same amount of geothermal energy as Japan, though Japan has 400 times more people. A Japanese expert,

9、 Hirofumi Muraoka, calculates that one mid-sized northern city, Aomori, with a population about the size of Icelands 318,000,could save enormously on imported fuel bills and heating costs by tapping geothermal springs nearby. Besides generating electricity, it could use the hot water from the spring

10、s to heat houses, as Iceland does. Icelands ambassador to Japan, Stefan Stefansson, says his countrys experience suggests Japan does not need subsidies to develop geothermal energy. It needs careful management of underground reservoirs, and an entrepreneurial(企业家的 )vision. Besides heating houses, he

11、 says, Icelands geothermal water is used for farming tasty tropical fish. 1 The hot springs owners prevent developing geothermal power because they think it might_. （ A） reduce the temperature of hot springs （ B） lead to the dryness of the hot springs （ C） promote other forms of recreation （ D） make

12、 the volcanos erupt 2 The Fukushima accident in Japan results in that_. （ A） one nuclear reactor is shut down for a limited time （ B） Japans electricity output is reduced to one third （ C） the area nearby is seriously polluted （ D） Japan speeds up the search for new energy sources 3 Which of the fol

13、lowing statements about the policy introduced by Japanese government in July is TRUE? （ A） It was implemented on a voluntary basis. （ B） It aimed at all the electricity companies. （ C） It was about purchasing the renewable energy. （ D） It set the price of the renewable energy below the market rate.

14、4 Hirofumi Muraoka thinks Aomori can learn from Iceland to use hot springs to_. （ A） heat houses （ B） have a bath （ C） export fuel （ D） farm the fish 5 To develop geothermal energy, what does Stefan Stefansson think Japan needs to have? （ A） The allowances to develop geothermal energy. （ B） Careful

15、development of the natural resources. （ C） Good management of underground reservoirs. （ D） A far-sighted government. 5 In 1963 an American physiotherapist(物理治疗师 )Glenn Doman wrote a best selling book called How to Teach Your Baby to Read. Now translated into 17 languages, this book arose from his wo

16、rk with brain damaged children in Pennsylvania. Doman and his team of specialists had wondered why brain-injured children didnt improve with medical treatment. Then they realized that conventional methods of treatment only relieved the symptoms, not the problem, which of course was the brain itself.

17、 So they developed a new approach. “ All we do for all children here is to give them visual, auditory and touchable stimulation with increased frequency, intensity and duration, in recognition of the orderly way in which the brain grows,“says Doman. “The result was that by 1960 we had hundreds of se

18、verely brain-injured two-year-olds who could read and understand. “ The team had discovered that even children who had half their brains removed could, by stimulation, achieve higher IQs than the average normal child. Then the team began to think if such amazing results could be achieved with brain-

19、damaged children, what would happen if the same treatment were given to normal children. So eight years ago the Better Baby Institute was opened for the benefit of normal children. The same stimulating enriched environment was provided, and, by the time the children left, around seven years old, the

20、y could generally speak and read three foreign languages, play a musical instrument, read three full length books a week and do all the other things that a so-called “normal“ child could do. In Domans view, the childs passion to learn during the years up to six must be fed. He believes that, like mu

21、scles, the brain develops with use, especially so in those first few years. Nowadays, parents come from all over the world to Pennsylvania to see and learn from the work of Doman and his team; they want to discover how they can fulfill their roles as nature teachers, by using their love, understandi

22、ng and instincts for the benefit of their children. For in the words of Doman,“Every child born has a greater potential intelligence than Leonardo da Vinci used. “ 6 In Glenn Domans research, he discovered that brain-damaged children improved when they_. （ A） were taught to read and understand （ B）

23、could speak several languages （ C） got the right treatment （ D） got medicine for their symptoms 7 Domans new approach was to_. （ A） increase the different types of stimulation （ B） give shorter periods of decreased stimulation （ C） intensify the decreased stimulation （ D） decrease the time between t

24、he periods of stimulation 8 From the passage, we can assume that_. （ A） most normal two-year-old children can read （ B） children with only half a brain are more intelligent （ C） brain-damaged children generally have high IQs （ D） brain-damaged children can overcome their disability 9 At the Better B

25、aby Institute, _. （ A） the idea of “normal“ achievement was challenged （ B） children needed seven years to develop normality （ C） unnatural development of normal children was achieved （ D） normal children developed at an unusual standard rate 10 Parents come to the Institute because they want_. （ A）

26、 their children to become as intelligent as Leonardo da Vinci （ B） to learn how to teach their children about nature （ C） to develop their own abilities to help their children （ D） their children to develop instincts of love and understanding 10 Never mind the fight to get people to open their walle

27、ts in the recession some companies are taking a different policy, and trying to get customers to open their purses instead. In America, where female consumers make more than 80% of discretionary(随意的 )purchases, companies have started tailoring their products and messages to appeal to women, in an ef

28、fort to boost their sales. Frito-Lay, a snack-food company owned by PepsiCo, has launched a campaign called “Only In A Womans World“ to convince women that crisps and popcorn are not just for male, beer-guzzling(暴饮 )sport fans. OfficeMan, American second-largest office-supplies company, has redesign

29、ed its notebooks and file-holders to appeal to women and has run advertisements that encourage women to make their office more colorful. For the first time, McDonalds was a sponsor of New York Fashion Week in February, promoting a new line of hot drinks to trendsetting women. Eric Almquist, head of

30、global consumer insights for Bain & Company, says he is surprised it has taken a recession to get companies to focus on women. After all, it is hardly news that they control the vast majority of consumer spending.(They buy 90% of food, 55% of consumer electronics, and most of the new cars.)But the r

31、ecession has prompted companies to rethink their approach. SheSpeaks that helps companies including Citibank and Philips reach women consumers, has tripled its number of clients since the recession began. Some womens magazines, too, are benefiting as companies that had never before expressed interes

32、t in advertising with them are now doing so. Aside from their greater purchasing power, women are valuable customers for three reasons. First, they are loyal, says Marti Barletta, author of Marketing to Women, and more likely to continue to buy a brand if they like it. Second, women are more likely

33、than men to spread information about products they like through word of mouth and social-networking sites. Third, most of the lay-offs so far in America have been in male-dominated fields, like manufacturing and construction. This means women may bring home a greater share of household income in the

34、 months ahead and have even more buying power. But marketing to women may not work for every company. In particular, for firms(such as some carmakers)with brands that are regarded as strongly male, “ gender bending“, or trying to attract the opposite sex, could enhance short-term sales but cause a l

35、onger-term decline. Jill Avery of the Simmons School of Management in Boston researched this trend with cars. When Porsche released a sport-utility vehicle designed for women, sales temporarily increased, but men started to move away from the brand, on the basis that it had compromised its masculine

36、 image. But in this recession, having a tarnished(有缺点的 )brand is better than having no brand at all. 11 According to the passage, companies in America begin to attract female consumers in order to_. （ A） open their purses （ B） increase their sales （ C） make women happy （ D） make companies fight with

37、 each other 12 The author provides an example of McDonalds in the last part of Paragraph 2 in order to show that McDonalds_. （ A） began to be engaged in the fashion line （ B） was willing to support New York Fashion Week （ C） hot drinking was popular among women （ D） began to focus on women to promot

38、e their products 13 What can we learn from Paragraph 4? （ A） Most of the lay-offs so far in America have been in female-dominated fields. （ B） Men have greater purchasing power than women. （ C） Women in America may earn more than men during the recession period. （ D） Men are more likely to propagate

39、 products they like than women. 14 The reason that men refused to buy a sport-utility vehicle by Porsche is that _. （ A） it damaged the male image （ B） its function was not suitable for men （ C） its design was out of date （ D） men hadnt enough money to buy it 15 What is the main idea of the passage?

40、 （ A） Sales of American companies are declining due to the recession. （ B） Men are not satisfied with the promotion to female customers. （ C） Recession-hit companies target female customers. （ D） American women have more purchasing power than men now. 15 Modern technology has put men on the moon and

41、 deciphered the human genome. But when it comes to brewing up flu to make vaccines, science still turns to the incredible edible egg. Ever since the 1940s, vaccine makers have grown large batches of virus inside chicken eggs. New cell-based technologies are in the pipeline, however, and may finally

42、get the support they need now that the United States is faced with a critical shortage of flu vaccine. Although experts disagree on whether new ways of producing vaccine(疫苗 )could have prevented a shortage like the one happening today, there is no doubt that the existing system has serious flaws. Ea

43、ch year, vaccine manufacturers place advance orders for millions of specially grown chicken eggs. Meanwhile, Public Health officials monitor circulating strains of flu, and each March they recommend three strains two influenza A strains and one B strain for manufacturers to include in vaccines. In t

44、he late spring and summer, automated machines inject virus into eggs and later suck out the influenza-rich goop. Virus from the eggs innards gets killed and processed to remove egg proteins and other contaminants before being packaged into vials for fall shipment. Why has this egg method persisted f

45、or six decades? The main reason is that its reliable. But even though the eggs are reliable, they have serious drawbacks. One is the long lead time needed to order the eggs. That means its hard to make more vaccine in a hurry, in case of a shortage or unexpected outbreak. And eggs may simply be too

46、cumbersome(大量的 )to keep up with the hundreds of millions of doses required to handle the demand for flu vaccine. Whats more, some flu strains dont grow well in eggs. Last year, scientists were unable to include the Fujian strain in the vaccine formulation. It was a relatively new strain, and manufac

47、turers simply couldnt find a quick way to adapt it so that it grew well in eggs. “We knew the strain was out there,“ recalls Theodore Eickhoff of the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, “ but public-health officials were left without a vaccine and, consequently, a more severe flu season.

48、“ Worse, the viruses that pose the greatest threat might be hardest to grow in eggs. Thats because global pandemics like the one that killed over 50 million people between 1918 and 1920 are thought to occur when a bird influenza changes in a way that lets it cross the species barrier and infect huma

49、ns. Since humans havent encountered the new virus before, they have little protective immunity. The deadly bird flu circulating in Asia in 1997 and 1998, for example, worried Public Health officials because it spread to some people who handled birds and killed them although the bug never circulated among humans. But when scientists tried to make vaccine the old-fashioned way, the bird flu quickly killed the eggs. 16 The moon-landing is mentioned in the first paragraph to illustrate that _.