[外语类试卷]中国科学院考博英语模拟试卷10及答案与解析.doc

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1、中国科学院考博英语模拟试卷 10及答案与解析 一、 Structure and Vocabulary 1 The judge remained sober despite the lawyers ludicrous attempt to prove the defendants innocence. （ A） sad （ B） sorry （ C） serious （ D） surprised 2 To be a successful criminal, one must be_. （ A） empirical （ B） emigrant （ C） elegant （ D） elusive 3

2、 Most nurses are women, but in the higher ranks of the medical profession women are in a_. （ A） scarcity （ B） minority （ C） minimum （ D） shortage 4 Its a serious crime that people_goods out of China to avoid paying customs duty. （ A） ship （ B） smuggle （ C） launch （ D） load 5 The cells (电池 ) were des

3、igned to_sunshine to electricity to run a motor. （ A） convert （ B） alter （ C） modify （ D） exchange 6 The multibillion-dollar fitness industry _ fat profits from our hunger to look good. （ A） comes in （ B） gets in （ C） ropes in （ D） rakes in 7 Her sadness was obvious, but she believed that her feelin

4、g of depression was _. （ A） torrent （ B） transient （ C） tensile （ D） textured 8 We shall send you commercial invoice,bills of lading and insurance certificates so that you can_the goods on a D/P basis. （ A） consume （ B） complain （ C） concern （ D） claim 9 Changing from solid to liquid, water takes in

5、 heat from all substances near it, and this _ produces artificial cold surrounding it. （ A） absorption （ B） transition （ C） consumption （ D） interaction 10 The detective watched and saw the suspect _ a hotel at the comer of the street. （ A） getting off tile taxi and walking into （ B） got off the tax

6、i and walked into （ C） get off the taxi and walk into （ D） got off the taxi to walk into 11 In that book, the _ , songs, and riddles are presented in Chinese and English and handsomely illustrated by Ed Young. （ A） versus （ B） verses （ C） versa （ D） vice 12 All specialists agree that the most import

7、ant consideration with diet drugs is carefully _ the risks and benefits. （ A） valuing （ B） evaluating （ C） estimating （ D） weighing 13 They must _for us; lets hurry up. （ A） wait （ B） have been waited （ C） waited （ D） be waiting 14 The creation of UN was, perhaps, the most _ achievement of the 20th,

8、 century. （ A） obscure （ B） notable （ C） acute （ D） objective 15 Communicating orally involves more than reading or talking: gesture, posture, movements may all be _ to it. （ A） intrinsic （ B） coherent （ C） appealing （ D） submissive 16 Advertising costs are no longer in reasonable _ to total cost of

9、 the product. （ A） relationship （ B） match （ C） measure （ D） proportion 17 This style of writing, incidentally, is suggestive of what is called the “newsreel technique“ of John Dos Passos. （ A） reminiscent （ B） collective （ C） forgettable （ D） advisable 18 Her remarks_a complete disregard for human

10、rights. （ A） magnified （ B） maintained （ C） manipulated （ D） manifested 19 The once separate issue of environment and development are now _ linked. （ A） intangible （ B） indispensable （ C） inextricably （ D） incredibly 20 Divorced from his wife just three months ago, he has made quite a_of himself by

11、gallivanting about with his new girlfriend, a former supermodel. （ A） improvidence （ B） revelation （ C） extravagance （ D） spectacle 21 The accident_him of his sight and the use of his legs. （ A） excluded （ B） disabled （ C） deprived （ D） gripped 22 He _ his head, wondering how to solve the problem. （

12、 A） scrapped （ B） screwed （ C） scraped （ D） scratched 23 Criticism without suggesting areas of improvement is not _ and should be avoided if possible. （ A） constructive （ B） productive （ C） descriptive （ D） relative 24 The _ of the occasion was spoiled when she fell down the steps. （ A） privacy （ B）

13、 dignity （ C） morality （ D） secrecy 25 Please do not be _ by his bad manners since he is merely trying to attract attention. （ A） disgusted （ B） embarrassed （ C） irritated （ D） shocked 26 Gore made a call to Bush to his defeat in the election, but he soon retracted it as word spread that the ballots

14、 had been recounted. （ A） acknowledge （ B） reckon （ C） confess （ D） proclaim 27 Electrical resistance is a common property of all materials, _. （ A） only differs in degree （ B） only in degree it differs （ C） differing only in degree （ D） and differing in degree only 28 Why be_ about that old coat? T

15、heres no point in keeping it just because you were wearing it when you first met me. （ A） sensitive （ B） sensible （ C） sentimental （ D） sensational 29 Australia is struggling to cope with the consequences of a devastating drought. As the world warms up, other countries should pay_. （ A） heel （ B） he

16、al （ C） heed （ D） head 30 The students take a _ test in March, and the main exam is in July. （ A） previous （ B） preliminary （ C） preceded （ D） elementary 二、 Cloze 30 The way that people spend their money, and the objects on which they spend it, are the last areas where free choice and individuality

17、can be expressed. The choice reflects personal taste, the way people see themselves and the fantasies they【 1】 about their lives, the restrictions on money available【 2】 them, the presence of others in the family with a【 3】 on that money, and the influence of current convention,【 4】 , surroundings a

18、nd locality. Shopping is an important human activity. Yet shoppers are【 5】 with a confusing situation and a(n)【 6】 changing one. The confusion arises from the claims【 7】 advertising, from inadequate information about new products, new materials, new places to shopa confusion enhanced by rising price

19、s and a(n)【 8】 choice of goods than ever before. The search【 9】 the right purchase is based on ignorance of【 10】 own needs and ignorance of the products【 11】 for those needs. When choosing any particular item, there are several lines of communication which might provide some guidance.【 12】 none of t

20、hese is entirely satisfactory. For example, you can ask a shop assistant initially.【 13】 you find one, she may quite【 14】 not know the answers. She may be a schoolgirl with a Saturday job, or a housewife【 15】 part-time. （ A） imagine （ B） possess （ C） have （ D） own （ A） to （ B） for （ C） with （ D） of

21、（ A） right （ B） demand （ C） request （ D） claim （ A） growth （ B） upbringing （ C） cultivation （ D） expansion （ A） dealt （ B） faced , （ C） coped （ D） greeted （ A） suddenly （ B） instantly （ C） rapidly （ D） readily （ A） made by （ B） seen in （ C） hinted at （ D） set in （ A） ampler （ B） larger （ C） broader

22、（ D） wider （ A） from （ B） into （ C） for （ D） with （ A） their （ B） ones （ C） his （ D） her （ A） fitness （ B） use （ C） value （ D） worth （ A） And （ B） Still （ C） Yet （ D） Even （ A） Even if （ B） Although （ C） Because （ D） While （ A） generally （ B） authentically （ C） innocently （ D） genuinely （ A） studyin

23、g （ B） practising （ C） working （ D） shopping 45 Culture is activity of thought, and receptiveness to beauty and humane feeling,【 1】 of information have nothing to do with it. A merely well-informed man is the most useless【 2】 on Gods earth. What we should【 3】 at producing is men who【 4】 both culture

24、 and expert knowledge in some special direction. Their expert knowledge will give them the ground to start【 5】 , and their culture will lead them as【 6】 as philosophy and as high as【 7】 . We have to remember that the valuable【 8】 development is self-development, and that it【 9】 takes place between t

25、he ages of sixteen and thirty. As to training, the most important part is given by mothers before the age of twelve. In training a child to activity of thought, above all things we must【 10】 of what I will call “inert ideas“ that is to say, ideas that are merely【 11】 into the mind without being【 12】

26、 , or tested, or thrown into fresh combinations. In the history of educaton. the most【 13】 phenomenon is that schools of learning, which at one epoch are alive with a craze for genius, in a【 14】 generation exhibit merely pedantry and routine. The reason is that they are overladen with inert ideas. E

27、xcept at【 15】 intervals of intellectual motivation, education in the past has been radically【 16】 with inert ideas. That is the reason why【 17】 clever women, who have seen much of the world, are in middle life so much the most cultured part of the community. They have been saved from this horrible【

28、18】 of inert ideas. Every intellectual revolution which has ever stirred humanity【 19】 greatness has been a【 20】 protest against inert ideas. （ A） Chips （ B） Scraps （ C） Fractions （ D） Plates （ A） bore （ B） irony （ C） snob （ D） gut （ A） point （ B） aim （ C） clutch （ D） snap （ A） identify （ B） occupy

29、（ C） possess （ D） ensure （ A） with （ B） from （ C） into （ D） beyond （ A） linear （ B） deep （ C） militant （ D） odd （ A） zoom （ B） art （ C） rap （ D） poll （ A） rational （ B） physiological （ C） divine （ D） intellectual （ A） mostly （ B） randomly （ C） seldom （ D） regularly （ A） beware （ B） dispose （ C） ensu

30、re （ D） boast （ A） contained （ B） received （ C） squeezed （ D） embedded （ A） utilized （ B） assessed （ C） gauged （ D） geared （ A） integral （ B） classical （ C） obscure （ D） striking （ A） succeeding （ B） preceding （ C） accompanying （ D） emerging （ A） rare （ B） minor （ C） scarce （ D） regular （ A） infecte

31、d （ B） influenced （ C） instructed （ D） endowed （ A） unrefined （ B） unintended （ C） unrestrained （ D） uneducated （ A） load （ B） burden （ C） gap （ D） span （ A） off （ B） on （ C） into （ D） with （ A） violent （ B） passionate （ C） exempt （ D） idealistic 65 For【 36】 the bloodshed and tragedy of D-Day, the b

32、eaches of Normandy will always evoke a certain【 37】 : a yearning for a time when nations in the civilized world buried their differences and combined to oppose absolute evil, when values seemed clearer and the terrible consequences of war stopped【 38】 of the annihilation of humanity. But over half a

33、 century after the allies hit those wavebattered sand flats and towering cliffs, the Normandy invasion stands as a feat【 39】 to be repeated. There will never be【 40】 D-Day. Technology has changed the conditions of warfare in ways that none of the D-Day participants could have【 41】 . All-out war in t

34、he beginnings of this century would surely spell all-out【 42】 for the belligerents, and possibly for the entire human race. No credible scenario for a future world war would allow time for the massive buildup of conventional forces that occurred in the 1940s. The moral equivalent of the Normandy inv

35、asion in the nuclear age would involve a presidential decision to put teas of millions of American lives at.【 43】 . And the possible benefits for the allies would be uncertain at best. European defense experts often ask whether the U.S. would be willing to “trade Pittsburgh for Dusseldorf“. In pract

36、ice, the question may well be whether it is worth【 44】 American cities to avenge a Europe already【 45】 to rubble. 76 【 C14】 76 On April 20, 2000, in Accra, Ghana, the leaders of six West African countries declared their intention to proceed to monetary union among the non-CFA franc countries of the

37、region by January 2003, as a first step toward a wider monetary union including all the ECOWAS countries in 2004. The six countries【 71】 themselves to reducing central bank financing of budget deficits【 72】 10 percent of the previous years government【 73】 ; reducing budget deficits to 4 percent of t

38、he second phase by 2003; creating a Convergence Council to help【 74】 macroeconomic policies; and【 75】 up a common central bank. Their declaration【 76】 that, “Member States【 77】 the need【 78】 strong political commitment and【 79】 to【 80】 all such national policies【 81】 would facilitate the regional mo

39、netary integration process. The goal of a monetary union in ECOWAS has long been an objective of the organization, going back to its formation in 1975, and is intended to【 82】 a broader integration process that would include enhanced regional trade and【 83】 institutions. In the colonial period, curr

40、ency boards linked sets of countries in the region.【 84】independence,【 85】 , these currency boards were【 86】 , with the【 87】 of the CFA franc zone, which included the francophone countries of the region. Although there have been attempts to advance file agenda of ECOWAS monetary cooperation, politic

41、al problems and other economic priorities in several of the regions countries have to【 88】inhibited progress. Although some problems remain, the recent initiative has been bolstered by the election in 1999 of a democratic government and a leader who is committed to regional【 89】 in Nigeria, the larg

42、est economy of the region, raising hopes that the long-delayed project can be【 90】 . （ A） committed （ B） devoted （ C） adjusted （ D） attributed （ A） to （ B） by （ C） with （ D） until （ A） finance （ B） profit （ C） income （ D） revenue （ A） coordinate （ B） gain （ C） ordinate （ D） compromise （ A） building

43、（ B） setting （ C） founding （ D） erecting （ A） says （ B） writes （ C） reads （ D） states （ A） accept （ B） understand （ C） recognize （ D） realize （ A） for （ B） of （ C） with （ D） without （ A） commence （ B） undertake （ C） initiate （ D） try （ A） pursue （ B） seek （ C） quest （ D） explore （ A） which （ B） that

44、 （ C） as （ D） what （ A） accompany （ B） enforce （ C） execute （ D） compel （ A） common （ B） separate （ C） several （ D） public （ A） Towards （ B） From （ C） By （ D） On （ A） therefore （ B） moreover （ C） however （ D） thus （ A） dissolved （ B） discharged （ C） dismissed （ D） dispelled （ A） consideration （ B） i

45、ntention （ C） exception （ D） regard （ A） date （ B） deter （ C） hinder （ D） delay （ A） development （ B） prosperity （ C） integration （ D） cooperation （ A） revived （ B） renew （ C） restore （ D） refreshed 96 Attitudes of respect, modesty and fair play can grow only out of slowly acquired skills that paren

46、ts teach their children over many years through shared experience and memory. If a child reaches adulthood【 C1】 _recollections only of television, little league and birthday parties, then that child has little to【 C2】 _when a true test of character comes upsay, in a (n) 【 C3】 _business situation. “【

47、 C4】 _that child feels grounded in who he is and where he comes from, 【 C5】 _else is an act,“ says etiquette expert Betty Jo Trakimas. The Dickmeyers of Carmel, Indiana, 【 C6】 _every Friday night as “family night“ with their three children. Often the family plays board games or hide-and-seek. “My ch

48、ildren love it,“ says Theresa, their mother. Can playing hide-and-seek really teach a child about manners? Yes, says Trakimas and【 C7】 _, because it tells the child that his parents【 C8】 _enough to spend time with him, he is loved and can learn to love others. “Manners arent about using the【 C9】 _fo

49、rk,“ Trakimas adds, “manners are about being kindgiving【 C10】_, team-playing , making tiny sacrifices. Children learn that【 C11】 _their parents. “ While children arent【 C12】 _warm, to the idea of learning to be polite, theres no reason for them to see manners as a bunch of dreary【 C13】 _either. Theyre the building blocks of a childs education. “【 C14】 _a rule becomes