ASME PTB-2-2009 Guide to Life Cycle Management of Pressure Equipment Integrity《压力设备完整性的生命周期管理指南》.pdf

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1、ASME PTB-2-2009Guide to Life Cycle Management of Pressure Equipment IntegrityPTB-2-2009 Guide to Life Cycle Management of Pressure Equipment Integrity Prepared by: J. R. Sims, Jr. Becht Engineering Co., Inc. Date of Issuance: June 30, 2009 This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored b

2、y ASME Pressure Technology Codes and Standards (PTCS) through the ASME Standards Technology, LLC (ASME ST-LLC). Neither ASME, the author, nor others involved in the preparation or review of this document, nor any of their respective employees, members or persons acting on their behalf, makes any war

3、ranty, express or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe upon privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial

4、 product, process or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation or favoring by ASME or others involved in the preparation or review of this document, or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of the authors

5、, contributors and reviewers of the document expressed herein do not necessarily reflect those of ASME or others involved in the preparation or review of this document, or any agency thereof. ASME does not “approve,” “rate”, or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device or activity. ASME d

6、oes not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liabilit

7、y. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be i

8、nterpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of

9、 the publisher. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990 Copyright 2009 by THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved Printed in the U.S.A. PTB-2-2009 TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Appendices. vi List of Tablesxii Foreword .xiii 1. Sco

10、pe 1 2. Abbreviations. 2 3. Definitions . 3 4. Organization of this Guide. 4 5. Overview 6 6. Power (Steam) Boilers . 7 6.1. Specification (Purchase) of Power (Steam) Boilers7 6.2. Design and Construction of Power (Steam) Boilers .8 6.3. Operation of Power (Steam) Boilers.9 6.4. In-service Inspectio

11、n of Power (Steam) Boilers .9 6.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Power (Steam) Boilers 10 6.6. Repair of Power (Steam) Boilers 10 7. Heat Recovery Steam Generators (HRSGs) 12 7.1. Specification (Purchase) of HRSGs12 7.2. Design and Construction of HRSGs .14 7.3. Operation of HRSGs .14 7.4. In-serv

12、ice Inspection of HRSGs .15 7.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of HRSGs 15 7.6. Repair of HRSGs 16 8. Heating Boilers 17 8.1. Specification (Purchase) of Heating Boilers.17 8.2. Designs and Construction of Heating Boilers.19 8.3. Operation of Heating Boilers 19 8.4. In-service Inspection of Heating B

13、oilers.19 8.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Heating Boilers .20 8.6. Repair of Heating Boilers .21 9. Unfired Steam Boilers 22 9.1. Specification (Purchase) of Unfired Steam Boilers 22 9.2. Designs and Construction of Unfired Steam Boilers 24 9.3. Operation of Unfired Steam Boilers .24 iii PTB-2-

14、2009 9.4. In-service Inspection of Unfired Steam Boilers . 24 9.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Unfired Steam Boilers 25 9.6. Repair of Unfired Steam Boilers 26 10. Typical Pressure Vessels 27 10.1. Specification (Purchase) of Typical Pressure Vessels 27 10.2. Design and Construction of Typical P

15、ressure Vessels . 29 10.3. Operation of Typical Pressure Vessels. 30 10.4. In-service Inspection of Typical Pressure Vessels . 30 10.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Typical Pressure Vessels 31 10.6. Repair of Typical Pressure Vessels 32 11. Large, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels.

16、33 11.1. Specification (Purchase) of Large, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels 33 11.2. Design and Construction of Large, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels 35 11.3. Operation of Large, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels 37 11.4. In-service Inspection of Lar

17、ge, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels 37 11.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Large, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels38 11.6. Repair of Large, Heavy Wall and High Temperature Pressure Vessels. 38 12. High Pressure Vessels 40 12.1. Specification (Purchase) of High Pres

18、sure Vessels 40 12.2. Design and Construction of High Pressure Vessels . 42 12.3. Operation of High Pressure Vessels . 42 12.4. In-service Inspection of High Pressure Vessels 42 12.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of High Pressure Vessels 43 12.6. Repair of High Pressure Vessels 43 13. Heat Exchanger

19、s.45 13.1. Specification (Purchase) of Heat Exchangers. 45 13.2. Design and Construction of Heat Exchangers 47 13.3. Operation of Heat Exchangers 48 13.4. In-service Inspection of Heat Exchangers 49 13.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Heat Exchangers. 49 13.6. Repair of Heat Exchangers. 50 14. Sto

20、rage Tanks.51 14.1. Specification (Purchase) of Storage Tanks. 51 14.2. Design and Construction of Storage Tanks 53 iv PTB-2-2009 14.3. Operation of Storage Tanks 53 14.4. In-service Inspection of Typical Pressure Vessels53 14.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Storage Tanks .54 14.6. Repair of Stor

21、age Tanks55 15. Piping Systems. 56 15.1. Specification (Purchase) of Piping Systems .56 15.2. Design and Construction of Piping Systems.58 15.3. Operation of Piping Systems.59 15.4. In-service Inspection of Piping Systems.59 15.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Piping Systems60 15.6. Repair of Pipi

22、ng Systems60 16. Acquisition (Purchase) of Components, Including Fittings. 61 17. Post-construction Documents for Components, Including Fittings . 63 18. Overpressure Protection Systems 64 18.1. Specification (Purchase) of Overpressure Protection Systems .64 18.2. Design and Construction of Overpres

23、sure Protection Systems.65 18.3. Operation of Overpressure Protection Systems 66 18.4. In-service Inspection of Overpressure Protection Systems.66 18.5. Fitness-for-service Analysis of Overpressure Protection Systems .66 18.6. Repair of Overpressure Protection Systems66 19. Specific Tasks 67 Acknowl

24、edgments 228 v PTB-2-2009 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A Summary of Standards Referenced . 68 American Petroleum Institute (API) Standards.68 A-1 5UE Recommended Practice for Ultrasonic Evaluation of Pipe Imperfections 68 A-2 Publication 327 Aboveground Storage Tank Standards: A Tutorial69 A-3 API 51

25、0 Pressure Vessel Inspection Code: Maintenance Inspection, Rating, Repair, and Alteration70 A-4 RP 520 Part I Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries, Part I: Sizing and Selection .72 A-5 RP 520 Part II Sizing, Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving

26、 Devices in Refineries, Part II: Installation 73 A-6 Std 521 Guide for Pressure-Relieving and Depressuring Systems 74 A-7 Std 526 Flanged Steel Pressure Relief Valves .75 A-8 Std 530 Calculation of Heater-Tube Thickness in Petroleum Refineries.76 A-9 RP 534 Heat Recovery Steam Generators .77 A-10 St

27、d 560 Fired Heaters for General Refinery Service.78 A-11 API 570 Piping Inspection Code: Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and Rerating of In-service Piping Systems 79 A-12 RP 571 Damage Mechanisms Affecting Fixed Equipment in the Refining Industry81 A-13 RP 572 Inspection of Pressure Vessels (Towers,

28、 Drums, Reactors, Heat Exchangers, and Condensers)82 A-14 RP 573 Inspection of Fired Boilers and Heaters .83 A-15 RP 574 Inspection Practices for Piping System Components84 A-16 RP 575 Guidelines and Methods for Inspection of Existing Atmospheric and Low-pressure Storage Tanks85 A-17 RP 576 Inspecti

29、on of Pressure-Relieving Devices.86 A-18 RP 577 Welding Inspection and Metallurgy 87 A-19 RP 578 Material Verification Program for New and Existing Alloy Piping Systems 88 A-20 API 579-1/ASME FFS-1 Fitness-For-Service.89 A-21 RP-580 Risk-Based Inspection.90 A-22 RP-581 Risk-Based Inspection: Base Re

30、source Document91 A-23 RP 582 Welding Guidelines for the Chemical, Oil and Gas Industries .92 A-24 RP 591 Process Valve Qualification Procedure 93 A-25 Std 594 Check Valves: Flanged, Lug, Wafer and Butt-Welding 94 A-26 Std 598 Valve Inspection and Testing95 vi PTB-2-2009 A-27 Std API 600/ISO 10434 B

31、olted Bonnet Steel Gate Valves for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries 96 A-28 Std 602 Steel Gate, Globe and Check Valves for Sizes DN 100 and Smaller for the Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries 98 A-29 Std 607 Testing of Valves-Fire TypeTesting Requirements . 100 A-30 Std 608 Metal Ball Valves-Fl

32、anged, Threaded and Butt-Welding Ends . 101 A-31 Std 609 Butterfly Valves: Double Flanged, Lug- and Water-Type 102 A-32 Std 620 Design and Construction of Large, Welded, Low-pressure Storage Tanks . 103 A-33 RP 621 Reconditioning of Metallic Gate, Globe, and Check Valves. 105 A-34 RP 622 Type Testin

33、g of Process Valve Packing for Fugitive Emissions. 106 A-35 Std 650 Welded Steel Tanks for Oil Storage . 107 A-36 RP 651 Cathodic Protection of Aboveground Storage Tanks . 108 A-37 RP 652 Lining of Aboveground Petroleum Storage Tank Bottoms . 109 A-38 Std 653 Tank Inspection, Repair, Alteration, and

34、 Reconstruction 110 A-39 Std 660 Shell-and-Tube Heat Exchangers. 111 A-40 Std 661 Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Service 112 A-41 Std 662, Part 1 Plate Heat Exchangers for General Refinery Services, Plate-and-Frame Heat Exchangers 113 A-42 Std 662, Part 2 Plate Heat Exchangers for G

35、eneral Refinery Services, Brazed Aluminum PlateFin Heat Exchangers . 114 A-43 Publication 920 Prevention of Brittle Fracture of Pressure Vessel. 115 A-44 RP 934A Materials and Fabrication of 2Cr-1Mo, 2Cr-1Mo-V, 3Cr-1Mo and 3Cr-1Mo-V Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels for High-Temperature, High-Pressu

36、re Hydrogen Service . 116 A-45 RP 934C Materials and Fabrication of 1Cr-Mo Steel Heavy Wall Pressure Vessels for High-Pressure Hydrogen Service Operating at or Below 825F (441C) 117 A-46 RP 934E RP for Materials and Fabrication of 1Cr-Mo and 1Cr-Mo Steel Pressure Vessels for Service above 825F (441C

37、) 118 A-47 Publication 941 Steels for Hydrogen Service at Elevated Temperatures and Pressures in Petroleum Refineries and Petrochemical Plants 119 A-48 Publication 945 Avoiding Environmental Cracking in Amine Units . 121 A-49 Std 1104 Welding of Pipelines and Related Facilities 122 A-50 RP 1107 Pipe

38、line Maintenance Welding Practices. 123 A-51 Std 2000 Venting Atmospheric and Low-Pressure Storage Tanks, Nonrefrigerated and Refrigerated 124 A-52 RP 2201 Safe Hot Tapping Practices in the Petroleum and Petrochemical Industries . 125 vii PTB-2-2009 American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) Standar

39、ds .126 A-53 ASCE/SEI 7 Minimum Design Loads for Buildings and Other Structures126 American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Standards127 A-54 B16.1 Gray Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings (Classes 25, 125, and 250) 127 A-55 B16.3 Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings (Classes 150 and 300).128

40、A-56 B16.4 Gray Iron Threaded Fittings (Classes 125 and 250).129 A-57 B16.5 Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings .130 A-58 B16.9 Factory-Made Wrought Butt-Welding Fittings .131 A-59 B16.10 Face-to-Face and End-to-End Dimension of Valves.132 A-60 B16.11 Forged Fitting, Socket-Welding and Threaded .133 A

41、-61 B16.14 Ferrous Pipe Plugs, Bushings, and Locknuts with Pipe Threads134 A-62 B16.15 Cast Copper Alloy Threaded Fittings (Classes 125 and 250).135 A-63 B16.18 Cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings 136 A-64 B16.20 Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges (Ring Joint, Spiral-Wound, and Jacketed)

42、 137 A-65 B16.21 Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges 139 A-66 B16.22 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings140 A-67 B16.24 Cast Copper Alloy Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings (Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500) .141 A-68 B16.25 Butt-Welding Ends.142 A-69 B16.26

43、 Cast Copper Alloy Fittings for Flared Copper Tubes.143 A-70 B16.34 Valves Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End 144 A-71 B16.36 Orifice Flanges145 A-72 B16.39 Malleable Iron Threaded Pipe Unions146 A-73 B16.42 Ductile Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings (Classes 150 and 300)147 A-74 B16.47 Large Di

44、ameter Steel Flanges (NPS 26 through NPS 60 Metric/Inch Standard)148 A-75 B16.48 Line Blanks 149 A-76 B16.50 Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Braze-Joint Pressure Fittings.150 A-77 B31.1 Power Piping.151 A-78 B31.3 Process Piping.152 A-79 B31.5 Refrigeration Piping and Heat Transfer Components.153 A-

45、80 B31.9 Building Services Piping .154 A-81 B31E Standard for the Seismic Design and Retrofit of Above-Ground Piping Systems .156 A-82 B31G Manual for Determining the Remaining Strength of Corroded Pipelines.157 viii PTB-2-2009 A-83 B36.10M Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe 159 A-84 B36.19M Sta

46、inless Steel Pipe 160 A-85 B40.100 Pressure Gauges and Gauge Attachments (B40.1, B40.2, B40.5, B40.6, and B40.7) . 161 A-86 ASME BPE Bioprocessing Equipment 163 A-87 BPVC Section I Rules for Construction of Power Boilers 164 A-88 BPVC Section II Materials - Part A Ferrous Material Specifications . 1

47、65 A-89 BPVC Section II Materials - Part B Nonferrous Material Specifications 166 A-90 BPVC Section II - Materials Part C Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals . 167 A-91 BPVC Section II Materials Part D Materials Properties (Customary) . 168 A-92 BPVC Section II Materials P

48、art D Materials Properties (Metric) 169 A-93 BPVC Section IV Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers. 170 A-94 BPVC Section V Nondestructive Examination . 171 A-95 BPVC Section VI Recommended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers 172 A-96 BPVC Section VII Recommended Guidelines for t

49、he Care of Power Boilers 173 A-97 BPVC Section VIII - Division 1 Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels. 174 A-98 BPVC Section VIII - Division 2 Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels Alternative Rules 175 A-99 BPVC Section VIII - Division 3 Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels - Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels . 176 A-100 BPVC Section IX Qualification Standard for Welding and Brazing Procedures, Welders, Brazers, and Welding and Brazing Operations 177 A-101 BPVC Section X Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels . 178