ASME B30 21-2005 Manually Lever Operated Hoists (B30 21 - 2005)《手动操作杆式提升机》.pdf

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1、AN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDManually Lever Operated HoistsASME B30.21-2005(Revision of ASME B30.21-1999)Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists, Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking pe

2、rmitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30.21-2005(Revision of ASME B30.21-1999)Manually LeverOperated HoistsSafety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and SlingsAN AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDThree Park Avenue New York, NY 10016Copyright ASME International Provided by IH

3、S under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Date of Issuance: July 29, 2005The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2008. There will be no addendaissued to this edition.ASME issues written replies to inquiries c

4、oncerning interpretations of technical aspects of thisStandard. Interpretations are published on the ASME Web site under the Committee Pages athttp:/www.asme.org/codes/ as they are issued, and will also be published within the next editionof the Standard.ASME is the registered trademark of The Ameri

5、can Society of Mechanical Engineers.This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American NationalStandards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals fromcompetent and concerned interests have ha

6、d an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was madeavailable for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large.ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, constru

7、ction, proprietary device, or activity.ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with anyitems mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability forinfringement of any applicable l

8、etters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expresslyadvised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, isentirely their own responsibility.Participation by federal agency representative(s) or person(s)

9、 affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted asgovernment or industry endorsement of this code or standard.ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the establishedASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpre

10、tations by individuals.No part of this document may be reproduced in any form,in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise,without the prior written permission of the publisher.The American Society of Mechanical EngineersThree Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990Copyright 2005 byTHE AMERICAN SOCIE

11、TY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERSAll rights reservedPrinted in U.S.A.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-CONTENTSForeword vCommittee Roster . viB30 Series Introduction viiiSummary of Changes x

12、iChapter 21-0 Scope, Definitions, and References 1Section 21-0.1 Scope of B30.21 1Section 21-0.2 Definitions 1Section 21-0.3 References . 7Chapter 21-1 Chain Type 8Section 21-1.1 Marking . 8Section 21-1.2 Construction 8Section 21-1.3 Inspection . 9Section 21-1.4 Testing 10Section 21-1.5 Maintenance

13、12Section 21-1.6 Welded Link Chain Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance . 13Section 21-1.7 Roller Chain Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 13Section 21-1.8 Operation . 14Chapter 21-2 Wire Rope Type 16Section 21-2.1 Marking . 16Section 21-2.2 Construction 16Section 21-2.3 Inspection . 17Sec

14、tion 21-2.4 Testing 19Section 21-2.5 Maintenance 20Section 21-2.6 Wire Rope Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 20Section 21-2.7 Operation . 21Chapter 21-3 Web Strap Type 23Section 21-3.1 Marking . 23Section 21-3.2 Construction 23Section 21-3.3 Inspection . 24Section 21-3.4 Testing 26Section 21

15、-3.5 Maintenance 27Section 21-3.6 Web Strap Inspection, Replacement, and Maintenance 27Section 21-3.7 Operation . 28iiiCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Figures1 Manually Lever Operat

16、ed Hoist Chain Type . 22 Manually Lever Operated Hoist Wire Rope 33 Manually Lever Operated Hoist Web Strap 34 Manually Lever Operated Hoist Chain Type . 45 Load Chain . 56 Guide and Load Sprocket-Strap 57 Load Controlling Mechanism 68 Overtravel Restraint . 79 Load Sprockets 710 Swivel Type Hook .

17、9Tables1 Minimum Inspection for Lever Operated Hoists Chain 112 Minimum Inspection for Lever Operated Hoists Wire Rope 183 Minimum Inspection for Lever Operated Hoists Web Strap 25ivCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permit

18、ted without license from IHS-,-,-FOREWORDThis American National Standard, Safety Standard for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings, has been developed under the procedures accredited by the AmericanNational Standards Institute (formerly the United States of America Standards

19、Institute). ThisStandard had its beginning in December 1916, when an eight-page Code of Safety Standards forCranes, prepared by an ASME Committee on the Protection of Industrial Workers, was presentedto the annual meeting of the ASME.Meetings and discussions regarding safety on cranes, derricks, and

20、 hoists were held from 1920to 1925, involving the ASME Safety Code Correlating Committee, the Association of Iron andSteel Electrical Engineers, the American Museum of Safety, the American Engineering StandardsCommittee (later changed to American Standards Association and subsequently to the USAStan

21、dards Institute), Department of Labor State of New Jersey, Department of Labor andIndustry State of Pennsylvania, and the Locomotive Crane Manufacturers Association. OnJune 11, 1925, the American Engineering Standards Committee approved the ASME Safety CodeCorrelating Committees recommendation and a

22、uthorized the project with the U.S. Departmentof the Navy, Bureau of Yards and Docks, and ASME as sponsors.In March 1926, invitations were issued to 50 organizations to appoint representatives to aSectional Committee. The call for organization of this Sectional Committee was sent out October2, 1926,

23、 and the committee organized November 4, 1926, with 57 members representing 29 nationalorganizations. The Safety Code for Cranes, Derricks, and Hoists, ASA B30.2, 1943, was createdfrom the eight-page document referred to in the first paragraph. This document was reaffirmedin 1952 and widely accepted

24、 as a safety standard.Due to changes in design, advancement in techniques, and general interest of labor and industryin safety, the Sectional Committee, under the joint sponsorship of ASME and the Naval FacilitiesEngineering Command, U.S. Department of the Navy, was reorganized as an American Nation

25、alStandards Committee on January 31, 1962, with 39 members representing 27 national organiza-tions.The format of the previous code was changed so that separate standards (each complete as toconstruction and installation; inspection, testing, and maintenance; and operation) would coverthe different t

26、ypes of equipment included in the scope of B30.In 1982, the Committee was reorganized as an Accredited Organization Committee, operatingunder procedures developed by the ASME and accredited by the American National StandardsInstitute.This Standard presents a coordinated set of rules that may serve a

27、s a guide to governmentand other regulatory bodies and municipal authorities responsible for the guarding and inspectionof the equipment falling within its scope. The suggestions leading to accident prevention aregiven both as mandatory and advisory provisions; compliance with both types may be requ

28、iredby employers of their employees.In case of practical difficulties, new developments, or unnecessary hardship, the administrativeor regulatory authority may grant variances from the literal requirements or permit the use ofother devices or methods, but only when it is clearly evident that an equi

29、valent degree ofprotection is thereby secured. To secure uniform application and interpretation of this Standard,administrative or regulatory authorities are urged to consult the B30 Committee, in accordancewith the format described in Section III, before rendering decisions on disputed points.This

30、volume of the Standard, which was approved by the B30 Committee and by ASME, wasapproved by ANSI and designated as an American National Standard on February 16, 2005.Safety codes and standards are intended to enhance public safety. Revisions result from commit-tee consideration of factors such as te

31、chnological advances, new data, and changing environmentaland industry needs. Revisions do not imply that previous editions were inadequate.vCopyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-ASME B30

32、 COMMITTEESafety Standards for Cableways, Cranes, Derricks, Hoists,Hooks, Jacks, and Slings(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)OFFICERSP. S. Zorich, ChairB. D. Closson, Vice ChairJ. D. Wendler, SecretaryCOMMITTEE PERSONNELN. E. Andrew, Northrup Gru

33、mman Ship SystemsW. T. Hargrove, Alternate, Mantech International Corp.R. E. Bluff IV, Gantry Constructors, Inc.R. J. Bolen, ConsultantG. B. Hetherston, Alternate, E.I. DupontA. D. Brown, A.D. Brown, Inc.D. Ritchie, Alternate, The Construction Safety CouncilT. A. Christensen, Liberty Mutual Insuranc

34、e/Alliance of AmericanInsurersM. W. Mills, Alternate, Liberty Mutual GroupB. D. Closson, Craft Forensic Services, Inc.T. L. Blanton, Alternate, NACB Group, Inc.S. Cloutier, U.S. Department of LaborJ. P. Colletti, John P. Colletti the loads; the acceleration or speed of the ropes,chains, sheaves, spr

35、ockets, or drums; the type of attach-ments; the number, size, and arrangement of sheaves orother parts; environmental conditions causing corrosionor wear; and many variables that must be consideredin each individual case. The rules given in the Standardmust be interpreted accordingly, and judgment m

36、ust beused in determining their application.The Standards Committee will be glad to receive criti-cisms of this Standards requirements and suggestions1B30.24, B30.27, and B30.28 are in the developmental stage.Copyright ASME International Provided by IHS under license with ASMENot for ResaleNo reprod

37、uction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-for its improvement, especially those based on actualexperience in application of the rules.Suggestions for changes to the Standard should besubmitted to the Secretary of the B30 Committee, ASME,Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990, a

38、ndshould be in accordance with the following format:(a) Cite the specific paragraph designation of the per-tinent volume.(b) Indicate the suggested change (addition, deletion,revision, etc.).(c) Briefly state the reason and/or evidence for thesuggested change.(d) Submit suggested changes to more tha

39、n one para-graph in the order that the paragraphs appear in thevolume.The B30 Committee will consider each suggestedchange in a timely manner in accordance with its proce-dures.SECTION I: SCOPE OF B30 STANDARDThis Standard applies to the construction, installation,operation, inspection, maintenance,

40、 and safe use of lift-ing equipment used in construction and industrial set-tings. This includes, but is not limited to: articulating-boom, container, gantry, mobile, pedestal, portal, towerand stacker cranes; balance-lifting units; below-the-hooklifting devices; cableways; derricks; jacks; hoists;

41、hooks;loads suspended from rotorcraft; material placementsystems; monorails; rigging hardware; and scrap andmaterial handlers.This Standard does not apply to track and automotivejacks, railway or automobile wrecking cranes, shipboardcranes, shipboard cargo-handling equipment,well-drilling derricks,

42、skip hoists, mine hoists, truckbody hoists, car or barge pullers, conveyors, excavatingequipment, or equipment falling within the scope of thefollowing Committees: A10, A17, A90, A92, A120, B20,B56, and B77.SECTION II: PURPOSEThis Standard is designed to(a) guard against and minimize injury to worke

43、rs,and otherwise provide for the protection of life, limb,and property by prescribing safety requirements(b) provide direction to owners, employers, supervi-sors, and others concerned with, or responsible for, itsapplication(c) guide governments and other regulatory bodiesin the development, promulg

44、ation, and enforcement ofappropriate safety directivesixSECTION III: INTERPRETATIONSUpon request, the B30 Committee will render an inter-pretation of any requirement of the Standard.Interpretations can only be rendered in response to awritten request sent to the Secretary of the B30 Commit-tee, ASME

45、, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990.The request for interpretation should be clear andunambiguous. It is further recommended that theinquirer submit his request utilizing the followingformatSubject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s)and provide a concise description.Edition: Cite the a

46、pplicable edition of the pertinentvolume for which the interpretation is beingrequested.Question: Phrase the question as a request for an inter-pretation of a specific requirement suitablefor general understanding and use, not asa request for approval of a proprietarydesign or situation. The inquire

47、r may alsoinclude any plans or drawings that are nec-essary to explain the question; however,they should not contain any proprietarynames or information.Requests that are not in this format will be rewrittenin this format by the Committee prior to being answered,which could change the intent of the

48、original request.ASME procedures provide for reconsideration of anyinterpretation when or if additional information thatmight affect an interpretation is available. Further, per-sons aggrieved by an interpretation may appeal to thecognizant ASME Committee or Subcommittee. ASMEdoes not “approve,” “ce

49、rtify,” “rate,” or “endorse” anyitem, construction, proprietary device, or activity.SECTION IV: NEW AND EXISTING INSTALLATIONS(a) Effective Date. The effective date of this volume forthe purpose of defining new and existing installationsshall be 1 year after its date of issuance.(b) New Installations. Construction, installation,inspection, testing, maintenance, and operation ofequipment manufactured and facilities con