ASD-STAN PREN 2098-1-1994 Aerospace Series Inspection and Testing Requirements for Titanium and Heat Resisting Alloy Wrought Products Part 1 - General Requirements (Edition 2)《航空航天.pdf

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1、1012311 0009128 YO0 Declassification approved 1994-07-25 AECMA STANDARD NORME AECMA AECMA NORM The equivalent versions in French and German languages can be supplied by B.N.A.E. - Technopolis 54 - 199, rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau 921 38 ISSY - LES - MOULINEAUX CEDEX - FRANCE prEN 2098-1 Edition 2 July

2、 1994 EDITE PAR LASSOCIATION EUROPEENNE DES CONSTRUCTEURS DE MATERIEL AEROSPATIAL Technopolis - 175, rue Jean-Jacques Rousseau - F-92138 Issy-les-Moulineaux Cedex - Tl. (1) 47.36.98.76 Supersedes edition 1 March 1981 ENGLISH VERSION Aerospace series Inspection and testing requirements for titanium a

3、nd heat resisting alloy wrought products Part 1 - General requirements Srie arospatiale Conditions de contrle et dessai des produits corroys en alliages de titane et alliages rsistant chaud Partie 1 - Exigences gnrales Luft- und Raumfahrt Kontroll- und Prfforderungen fr Knet-Halbzeug aus Titanlegier

4、ungen und hochwarmfeste Legierungen Teil 1 - Allgemeine Forderungen This “Aerospace series“ Standa sponsibility of AECMA (Asso cia tion Europenne des It is published on ye It will be submi for formal vote. , French, German). (European Committee for Standardiza tionl Replace page 1 of the previous ed

5、ition by this page aecma 1994 A.E.C.M.A. NORM prEN298-1 INSPECTION AND TESTING REQUIREMENTS FOR TITANIUM AND HEAT RESISTING ALLOY WROUGHT PRODUCTS PART 1 - GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 1 SCOPE This standard specifies the general requirements for the inspection and testing of wrought products in titanium and

6、 heat resisting alloys, used in aerospace construction. Requirements for elevated temperature testing, included in EN2098-2, EN2098-3, EN2098-4, EN2098-5 and EN2098-6 shall also apply to heat resisting steels inspected and tested to EN2069-1 to EN2069-6. The particular requirements applicable to eac

7、h type of product are defined in The corresponding requirements for forgings are given in EN2157 I). EN2098-2 to EN2098-6. 2 FIELD OF APPLICATION 2.1 This standard shall be used in conjunction with the material standards related to the products. It may also be applied to other materials not covered

8、by these standards, by agreement between the purchaser and the I I supplier. 1 2.2 If products are ordered in a different condition from that given in the relevant standard, or if the products require inspection/tests different from or additional to those given in the relevant standard the special r

9、equirements are to be agreed between purchaser and supplier and stated on the drawing, order, “inspection and testing schedule“ or in a “manufacturing schedule“. These schedules are defined in EN2078 l). 2.3 The purchaser may require to detail the method of manufacture of the cast, intermediate prod

10、uct and/or the final product. Such details are to be agreed with the manufacturer and shall be stated on the drawing, order or in a “manufacturing s Che du1 e I . 3 REFERENCES EN2078, Terminology - General definitions of the manufacturing schedule - EN2157, Inspection and testing requirements for st

11、eels, titanium and heat Inspection and testing schedule and inspection test report 1) resisting alloy forgings 1) Test methods for metallic materials - Part 7 - Hardness test 1 EN2002-7, EN2002-8, Test methods for metallic materials - Part 8 - Grain size determination Test methods for titanium and t

12、itanium alloy products - Part 9 - Surface contamination titanium 1) EN2003-9, EN2069-1, Inspection and testing requirements for steel wrougtt products - Part 1 - General requirements I 1) In preparation - - . h prEN2098-1 Page 4 EN2069-2, EN2069-3, Inspection and testing requirements for steel wroug

13、ht products - Part 2 - Inspection and testing requirements for sheets, strips and plates Inspection and testing requirements for steel wrought products - Parc 3 - Inspection and testing requirements for bars and sections Inspection and testing requirements for steel wrought products - Part 4 - Inspe

14、ction and testing requirements for tubes Inspection and testing requirements for steel wrought products - Part 5 - Inspection and testing requirements for wires Inspection and testing requirements for steel wrought products - Part 6 - Inspection and testing requirements for bars and wires for fasten

15、ers Inspection and testing requirements for titanium and heat resisting alloy wrought products - Part 2 - Inspection and testing requirements for sheets strips and plates Inspection and testing requirements for titanium and heat resisting alloy wrought products - Part 3 - Inspection and testing requ

16、irements for bars and sections EN2069-4, EN2069-5, EN2069-6, EN2098-2, EN2098-3, / EN2098-4, Inspection and testing requirements for titanium and heat resisting alloy wrought products - Part 4 - Inspection and testing requirements for les Inspection and testing requirements for titanium and heat res

17、isting alloy wrought products- Part 5 - Inspection and testing requirements for wires Inspection and testing requirements for titanium and heat resisting alloy wrought products - Part 6 - Inspection and testing requirements for bars and wires for fasteners. EN2098-5, EN2098-6, 4 DEFINITIONS 4.1 Meth

18、od of melting 4.1.1 Air melting The melting of the charge for the cast is carried out in air, i.e. without any special atmosphere. 4.1.2 Vacuum melting The charge is melted under vacuum and cast in vacuum or inert atmosphe: 4.1.3 Vacuum arc remelting Arc remelting a consumable electrode in vacuum. 4

19、.1.4 Electroflux remelting Remelting one or more consumable electrodes under aprotektive flux layer heated by electrical resistance. 4.1.5 Vacuum refining (including vacuum degassing) The treatment of a liquid alloy in a furnace under vacuum followed by casting in vacuum, inert atmosphere or air. .-

20、*. . . l , .e-. .i m 1012311 0009131 TT5 m prEN2098-1 Page 5 4.2 Parent cast A cast of material of known chemical composition which is to be subsequently remelted. 4.3 Cast Amount of metal coming from the final melting operation, 4.4 Ingot Cast material for subsequent hot working. 4.5 Bar Wrought ma

21、terial supplied in straight lengths of uniformly round, half round, rectangular, hexagonal, octogonal, or regular polygonal solid section. 4.6 Sheet A product supplied flat, with sheared or slit edges of thickness up to 5 mm for titanium alloy and 3 mm for heat resisting alloys. 4.7 Strip As 4.6 but

22、 supplied in coil form. 4.8 Plate A flat product of rectangular section, hot or cold rolled of thickness greater than those defined by 4.6. 4.9 Section A rolled or extruded product of uniform cross section not coming under the definition of bar and supplied in straight lengths. 4.10 Tube A rolled or

23、 rolled and drawn, or extruded, or extruded and drawn hollow product usually of uniform wall thickness supplied in straight lengths. 4.11 Wire A rolled or rolled and drawn product of solid section supplied in coil form. 4.12 Batch A batch consists of material : - of the same form (sheet, tube, bar,

24、etc) - of the same nominal dimensions to within 5 10% - from the same cast - manufactured in the same production run - in the same heat treatment condition and from the same heat treatment charge - for continuous heat treatment, a maximum run of 8 h is regarded as a batch. 4.13 Manufacturer The Comp

25、any which makes the material and/or the product in the form and condition in which it is delivered to the purchaser either directly or through a supplier. 4.14 Supplier The Company which has not necessarily made the product but retails it to the purchaser. prEN2098-1 Page 6 Selected temperature (Cl

26、over Up to ad induding - 550 550 1250 1250 - 5 MANUFACTURE Tolerance (Cl i5 f 10 2 15 5.1 The material shall be made by the melting process required by the material standard. If a standard permits alternative processes the manufacturer shall decide which one to use unless the purchaser specifies a p

27、articular process (on his drawing, order or manufacturing schedule). In all instances the process by which the material was melted shall be stated on the release note or certificate of conformance. 5.2 There shall be no contamination of the metal during the remelting cycle. 5.3 The size and shape of

28、 ingots shall be selected so as to minimise segregation and other internal defects. 5.4 Each cast shall be identified separately (see also clause 10). 5.5 Unless otherwise agreed and stated in the drawing, order or manufacturing schedule, the product shall be supplied in the heat treatment condition

29、 as specified in the material standard. If a specific temperature is stated that temperature shall be mandatory. If a temperature range is stated, a temperature within that range shall be selected to give the required properties. Unless otherwise specified the charge shall be maintained at that temp

30、erature subject to the following tolerances, for the period stated. 5.6 Unless otherwise stated in the material standard, drawing, order, inspection and testing or manufacturing schedule, the products shall be machined, ground or otherwise surface conditioned all over at a suitable stage in manufact

31、ure to enable the products to be inspected to the satisfaction of the Quality Assurancz Authority representing the purchaser. 6 DIMENSIONAL TOLERANCES The dimensional tolerances applicable to wrought products shall be those stated in the appropriate tolerance standard, unless otherwise stated in the

32、 drawing, order, inspection and testing or manufacturing schedule. - R 1012311 0009133 878 R prEN2098-1 Page 7 7 CHEMICAL ANALYSIS 7.1 The chemical composition of each cast shall be determined and shall comply with the requirements of the relevant material standard. The samples taken for analysis sh

33、all be representative of the melt. 7.2 In the case of re-melted material, samples for chemical analysis shall be taken from the re-melted ingot from the following locations : a) Vacuum arc remelting : - Heat resisting alloys : The bottom end of each ingot. - Titanium alloys : The top end or centre o

34、f each ingot, at the discretion of the producer, as agreed with the Quality Assurance Authority. b) Electroflux remelting : The top and bottom ends of each ingot. NOTE : Purchaser, manufacturer and Quality Assurance Authority may agree relaxations concerning location of samples and the elements to b

35、e determined. 7.3 Hydrogen content shall be determined on titanium alloy wrought products in the condition of supply and shall comply with the requirements of the relevant material standard. In the event of re-heat treatment of a batch of products, the hydrogen content shall be re-determined. 7.4 Ex

36、cept for the purpose of finishing the melt, elements not quoted in the material standard shall not be intentionally added to the alloy without the agreement of the purchaser. Reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent their incorporation during processing. If required, the elements for finishi

37、ng the melt may be specified in the manufacturing schedule. The purchaser, in agreement with the manufacturer, may set-a limit to the amount of one or more such elements and may require the amount of such elements to be stated in the test certificate. 8 FREEDOM FROM INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL DEFECTS 8.1

38、 General All products shall be free from harmful defects and, notwithstanding the previous acceptance of products complying with the requirements of this standard, any product that is found, at a later stage, to contain such defects shall be rejected. 8.2 Non-destructive testing The method of non-de

39、structive testing, including ultrasonic, eddy current and penetrant inspection, together with the standard of acceptance shall be at the discretion of the manufacturer unless defined by the material standard, or stated on the order or inspection and test schedule. I _. I prEN2098-1 Page 8 - ! = 1012

40、311 0009134 70Y I / - 9 TESTING OF PRODUCTS 9.1 Frequency of sampling 9.1.1 The products shall be arranged in batches (See 4.12). 9.1.2 The frequency of sampling for the tests required by material standards shall be as given in EN2098-2 (table 21, EN2098-3 (table 2), EN2098-4 (table i), EN2098-5 (ta

41、ble 1) and EN2098-6 (table 1). 9.2 Preparation of mechanical test samples and test pieces 9.2.1 The location of the test sample is given in the respective standard governing the product (see EN20984 to EN2098-6). 9.2.2 Test samples and test pieces shall be reference marked in such a manner that thei

42、r identification with the product can be established. 9.2.3 Test samples taken from finally heat treated products (i.e. condition of use) shall not be further heat treated. 9.2.4 Test samples representing products in a condition other than the condition of use shall be heat treated in accordance wit

43、h the material standard. 9.2.5 Except for bar required for further hot working (see EN2098-3 - forged test samples), test samples shall not be mechanically worked after having been separated from the products they represent. 9.3 Mechanical tests The mechanical properties shall be determined in accor

44、dance with the test standards stated in EN2098-2 (table 21, EN2098-3 (table 21, EN20984 (table I), EN2098-5 (table 1) and EN2098-6 (table I) and shall comply with j the requirements of the material standard. 9.4 Hardness test The hardness shall be determined in accordance with EN2002-7 1 and shall c

45、omply with the requirements of the material standard. The tests on the products comprising a batch and on the test sample or test samples representing that batch shall be made by the same method and under the same conditions of loading. If the VICKERS or BRINELL hardness of the material in a batch d

46、oes not meet the requirements of the material standard, but the single values are within f 10% of the mean value, the results of the tensi.le test shall be overriding if both conditions below apply : a) The material standard requires both tensile and hardness tests to be carried out at room temperat

47、ure and in the same condition. b) Both the tensile and hardness requirements are specified as either ranges or minimum. If any method or hardness testing other than VICKERS or BRINELL is used the permissible hardness range shall be agreed with the Quality Assurance Authority. = LOL2311l 00091135 b40

48、 W prEN2098-1 Page 9 9.5 Grain size Grain size shall be determined in accordance with EN2002-8 1) and shall comply with the requirements of the material standard. 9.6 Surface contamination .I All titanium products shall be subject to examination for freedom from surface contamination in accordance w

49、ith EN2003-9 1). Unless otherwise agreed, all titanium products shall be supplied free from oxygen/nitrogen affected surface layers as assessed by micro-examination, at a magnification of at least X100. 9.7 Tests specific to the product Tests specific to the product are stated in the standard governing that product. Tests shall be carried out in accordance with the test standards stated in EN2098-2 (table 21, EN2098-3 (table 21, EN2098-4 (table i), EN2098-5 (table 1) ana EN2098-6 (table i), or with the requirements of the material standard, drawing,