ASHRAE 32 1-2017 Methods of Testing for Rating Refrigerated Vending Machines for Sealed Beverages.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 32.1-2017(Supersedes ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 32.1-2010)Methods of Testing forRating RefrigeratedVending Machines forSealed BeveragesApproved by ASHRAE on February 2, 2017, and by the American National Standards Institute on February 2, 2017.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be upda

2、ted on a five-year cycle; the date following the Standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. F

3、ax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintpermission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2017 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed u

4、nder the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is definedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence o

5、f more than a simple majority,but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legisla

6、tion. ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must

7、be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted

8、 fora. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines

9、for the benefit of the public in light of available information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or

10、 that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesti

11、ng safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely

12、 voluntary.In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 32.1Cognizant TC: 10.7, Commercial Food and Beverage Cooling, Display,

13、 and StorageSPLS Liaison: Julie M. FergusonScott A. Mitchell*, Chair Denis LivchakWeston TaubenfeldJames Collins* Michael MauCollin WeberSteven Cousins* Jerry J. Parle* Sarah WidderRandall J. Haseman* Mvuala SuamiRolando S. Williams* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved fo

14、r publication Denotes nonmembers who were instrumental in drafting the standardASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher Cyrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJames D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susa

15、nna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L. Hedrick Wayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Srinivas Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patricia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguso

16、n R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of StandardsCONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 32.1-2017,Methods of Testing for Rating Refrigerated Vending Machines for Sealed BeveragesSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Definitions .24 Instruments .35 Vending Machine Capacity .36 Test

17、Conditions .37 Test Procedures38 Normative References 7Informative Appendix A: Reporting Form for Equipment Tested Using ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 32.18Informative Appendix B: Energy Consumption Test Under Tropical Conditions.10Normative Appendix C: Measurement of Volume .11NOTEApproved addenda, errata,

18、or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2017 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-

19、Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 32.1-2017(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro

20、-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standardand may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDFirst published in 1982, ASHRAE Standard 32.

21、1 has been peri-odically updated to respond to changes in machine and pack-age design. Key changes in the 2017 edition are as follows: Updated scope and definitions to emphasize intendedapplication to refrigerated beverage vending machinesand combination machines. Removed distinctions between zone-c

22、ooled (typicallysolid-front) machines and fully cooled (typically glass-front) machines, as these distinctions are not necessaryfor conducting the test. Updated references to other documents, including themethodology for measuring refrigerated volume. Enhanced instrumentation calibration and accurac

23、yrequirements. Removed the 90F (32.2C) ambient condition for theenergy consumption test and designated the 75F(23.9C) ambient condition as the singular test condi-tion. Clarified test setup requirements, including ambient tem-perature measurement location, beverage temperaturelocations, test package

24、 construction, and sensor wireinstallation. Incorporated minimum functionality requirements thatmust be included and the controls that are permitted inthe vending machine under test. Clarified the method for calculating integrated averagetemperature.In addition, various editorial changes have been i

25、mple-mented to improve clarity.1. PURPOSEThe purpose of this standard is to specify methods of testingfor rating the capacity and efficiency of self-contained,mechanically refrigerated vending machines for sealed bever-ages.2. SCOPEThis standarda. establishes uniform methods of testing for determini

26、nglaboratory performance of refrigerated beverage vendingmachines;b. applies to refrigerated beverage vending machines andcombination machines; c. does not apply to climate-controlled snack vendingmachines, frozen-food vending machines, refrigerated-food-served-hot vending machines, or hot-beverage

27、vend-ing machines; d. lists and defines the terms used in the methods of testing; e. defines standard sealed-beverage storage capacity; andf. establishes test conditions for rating.3. DEFINITIONSactive mode: the state of normal operation of the vendingmachine where the cooling system is active, merc

28、handising isactive, and the vending machine is ready to vend products. basic model: all vending machines of a given type with elec-trical characteristics that are essentially identical and withoutany differing physical or functional characteristics that affectperformance and energy consumption.bottl

29、e or can: a container in which a beverage is sealed.energy management system: a control device (including soft-ware) or set of control devices that allow for adjustment of theoperation of refrigerated vending machines with the intent ofreducing energy consumption as compared to active-modeoperation,

30、 based on environmental and other operational vari-ables in the vending location.full loading: sealed beverages placed in conformance withSection 5.2 of this standard.instantaneous average next-to-vend beverage temperature:the average of all standard test packages in the next-to-vendbeverage positio

31、ns at a given time.integrated average temperature: the average temperature ofall standard test package measurements in the next-to-vendbeverage positions taken over the duration of the test. low-power mode: the reduced power state of a refrigeratedbeverage vending machine during extended periods of

32、inac-tivity. product: items available for sale from a vending machine,including sealed beverages.product storage rack: that portion of the machine into whichsealed beverages or other packages are placed for vending.recovery time: the time taken by a vending machine whentested according to Section 7.

33、3 to cool sealed beverages to thedesired vending temperature.refrigerated volume: the gross volume of the refrigeratedspace.sealed beverage: bottle, can, or other closed container con-taining liquid beverage.stabilized operation: the operating condition at which all testvalues would be repetitive (o

34、r cyclic) if the machine wereoperated for an extended period of time.standard sealed beverage: the sealed beverage to be used intesting the beverage vending machine.standard test package: a standard sealed beverage containerof the size and shape for which the vending machine isdesigned, altered to i

35、nclude a temperature measuring instru-ment at its center of mass. The package may be of a differentANSI/ASHRAE Standard 32.1-2017 3type of material than the material that is used for the contain-ers in the vending machine.vend: to dispense product.vending machine: a cabinet containing a product stor

36、age areaand an on-board control system that manages the payment sys-tem, a product selection system, a product delivery system,and merchandising lighting to deliver product to a consumer.Common vending machine types include the following:climate controlled snack vending machine: a vendingmachine int

37、ended for merchandising snack foods thatmaintains internal temperature below some maximumvalue to prevent damage to the snack bination vending machine: a refrigerated sealed-beverage vending machine that also includes volumes notdeliberately refrigerated for the purpose of vending other,non-sealed-b

38、everage merchandise. frozen-food vending machine: a vending machine thatstores perishable food in a frozen state. hot-beverage vending machine: a vending machine thatdispenses hot beverages. refrigerated-beverage vending machine: a commercialrefrigerator that cools sealed beverages and dispenses the

39、sealed beverages on payment. refrigerated-food-served-hot vending machine: a vend-ing machine that stores perishable food under refrigera-tion until selected; once selected, the food is heated andserved hot. 4. INSTRUMENTS4.1 Calibration. Instruments shall be of the types and havethe accuracies list

40、ed below and shall be calibrated annuallytraceable to National Institute of Standards and Technology(NIST) standards.4.2 Temperature Measurement. Temperature shall be mea-sured with a calibrated instrument accurate to 1F (0.5C).4.3 Humidity Measurement. Humidity shall be measuredwith a calibrated in

41、strument accurate to 2% rh at the ambi-ent relative humidity condition specified in Table 1.4.4 Electrical Measurement. Electrical energy input shallbe measured with an integrating instrument with resolution of0.01 kWh or better. The instrument shall be accurate withinthe limits of 0.5%. Input volta

42、ge shall be measured with anindicating instrument having an accuracy within the limits of1.0%.4.5 Time Measurement. Time shall be measured withinstruments having an accuracy within 0.1% of the intervalmeasured.5. VENDING MACHINE CAPACITY5.1 Standard Sealed Beverages. The standard sealed bever-age sh

43、all be 12 oz. (355 mL) cans for machines that are capa-ble of dispensing 12 oz. cans. For machines that are notcapable of dispensing 12 oz. cans, the standard sealed bever-age shall be 20 oz. (590 mL) plastic bottles. For machines notcapable of dispensing 12 oz. cans or 20 oz. bottles, the stan-dard

44、 sealed beverage shall be the sealed beverage specified bythe manufacturer as the standard sealed beverage.5.2 Vendible Capacity. The vendible capacity shall be themaximum quantity of standard sealed beverages that can bedispensed from one full loading of the vending machine with-out further reload

45、operations when used as recommended bythe manufacturer.Vendible capacity for combination machines shallinclude only the vendible capacity of the refrigerated com-partment.5.3 Refrigerated Volume. The refrigerated volume shall bemeasured in accordance with the methodology specified inAppendix C of th

46、is standard. This methodology is taken fromAHAM HRF-1, Energy and Internal Volume of RefrigeratingAppliances1, Section 4, and used with permission of theAssociation of Home Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM).The refrigerated volume for combination machines shallbe measured only for the refrigerated beve

47、rage compartment.Compartments that are not deliberately refrigerated shall notbe included in the refrigerated volume.6. TEST CONDITIONS6.1 Standard Test Conditions. The test conditions specifiedin Table 1 shall be used to determine standard performance.6.2 Voltage and Frequency. Tests shall be perfo

48、rmed a. for vending machines with single nameplate voltages, atthe nameplate-rated voltage 2% and at the rated fre-quency 1%, orb. for vending machines with dual nameplate voltages, at thelower of the two voltages 2% and at the rated frequency1%.7. TEST PROCEDURES7.1 General Requirements7.1.1 Instal

49、lation. The vending machine shall bea. installed in accordance with the manufacturers instruc-tions;b. installed in a level position, unless the instructions stateotherwise;Table 1 Standard Test Conditions forEnergy Consumption TestTest and Pretest ConditionsEnergy Consumption Tests(Section 7.2)Ambient temperature 75F 2FAcceptable range: 73F to 77F(23.9C 1C)Relative humidity 45% 5% rhAcceptable range: 40% to 50% rhInstantaneous average next-to-vend beverage temperature36F 1F (2.2C 0.5C)At start of 24 h temperatur