ANSI UL 458-2015 UL Standard for Safety Power Converters Inverters and Power Converter Inverter Systems for Land Vehicles and Marine Crafts (Sixth Edition).pdf

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1、UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL 458 Power Converters/Inverters and Power Converter/ Inverter Systems for Land Vehicles and Marine CraftsUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOU

2、T PERMISSION FROM ULUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL UL Standard for Safety for Power Converters/Inverters and Power Converter/Inverter Systems for Land Vehicles and Marine Crafts, UL 458 Sixth Edition, Dated September 2, 2015

3、 Summary of Topics The sixth edition of ANSI/UL 458 has been issued to reect the latest ANSI approval as an American National Standard and to include the following revisions: Revisions to 21.2.3 and 48.2.3, and addition of 48.2.4 and 59.4 for branch rated breakers in output circuit of inverter. Revi

4、sion of SA26.2 to replace of the Carbon Arc testing with Xenon Arc testing for UV exposure. The new and revised requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal(s) on this subject dated December 12, 2014 and June 12, 2015. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced,

5、 stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form by any means, electronic, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise without prior permission of UL. UL provides this Standard as is without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including but not limited to, the implied wa

6、rranties of merchantability or tness for any purpose. In no event will UL be liable for any special, incidental, consequential, indirect or similar damages, including loss of prots, lost savings, loss of data, or any other damages arising out of the use of or the inability to use this Standard, even

7、 if UL or an authorized UL representative has been advised of the possibility of such damage. In no event shall ULs liability for any damage ever exceed the price paid for this Standard, regardless of the form of the claim. Users of the electronic versions of ULs Standards for Safety agree to defend

8、, indemnify, and hold UL harmless from and against any loss, expense, liability, damage, claim, or judgment (including reasonable attorneys fees) resulting from any error or deviation introduced while purchaser is storing an electronic Standard on the purchasers computer system. SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL

9、 458 tr1UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 tr2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 1 UL 458 St

10、andard for Power Converters/Inverters and Power Converter/Inverter Systems for Land Vehicles and Marine Crafts The rst, second, and third editions were titled Power Converters and Power-Converter Systems for Recreational Vehicles. First Edition February, 1977 Second Edition May, 1986 Third Edition N

11、ovember, 1991 Fourth Edition December, 1993 Fifth Edition April, 2006 Sixth Edition September 2, 2015 This ANSI/UL Standard for Safety consists of the Sixth Edition. The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 458 as an American National Standard (ANSI) occurred on September 2, 2015. ANSI approval for a

12、standard does not include the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages and Title Page. Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time. Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in ULs On-Line Collaborative Standards Development System (CSDS) at htt

13、p:/. ULs Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard should be altered in any way. All of ULs Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL. COPYRIGHT 2015 UNDERWRI

14、TERS LABORATORIES INC. ANSI/UL 458-2015UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 2 No Text on This PageUL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL

15、CONTENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Scope .8 2 Glossary .9 3 Components 12 4 Units of Measurement 13 5 Undated References .13 PART I POWER CONVERTERS AND INVERTERS CONSTRUCTION 6 General .13 7 Frame and Enclosure 13 8 Enclosures Used For Protected Environments .16 9 Accessibility of Uninsulated Live Parts, Film

16、-Coated Wire, and Moving Parts 17 9.1 General 17 9.2 User servicing .19 9.3 Serviceman servicing 20 10 Assembly 20 11 Protection Against Corrosion .21 12 Supply Connections .21 12.1 Permanently-connected converters or inverters 21 12.2 Cord connection .24 12.3 Bushings 25 13 Low-Voltage DC Connectio

17、ns and Wiring 25 13.1 General .25 13.2 Cigarette lighter inputs 27 14 Secondary Circuits 27 15 Live Parts 29 16 Internal Wiring 29 16.1 General .29 16.2 Tubing 30 16.3 Protection of wiring .30 16.4 Electrical connections .31 16.5 Separation of circuits .31 16.6 Barriers .32 17 Insulating Materials .

18、32 18 Transformers .33 18.1 General .33 18.2 Coil insulation 33 19 Resistors 35 20 Switches and Controllers 35 21 Overload-Protective Devices .35 21.1 General .35 21.2 Overcurrent-overtemperature protection .36 22 Fuses and Fuseholders 37 23 Receptacles 38 24 Inverter Output Circuits 38 SEPTEMBER 2,

19、 2015 UL 458 3UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 25 Lampholders .38 26 Capacitors .38 27 Transient Voltage Surge Suppressors .39 28 Printed Wiring 39 29 Spacings 39 29.1 General .39 29.2 Insulation barriers 43 30 Grounding .43 3

20、1 Bonding of Internal Parts 45 31.1 General .45 31.2 Bonding conductor .46 PERFORMANCE 32 General .47 33 Leakage Current Test .47 34 Power Input Test .50 35 Output Voltage Measurement Test 50 36 Capacitor Voltage Measurement Test .51 37 Output Voltage and Current Test .51 38 Temperature Test .51 38.

21、1 Normal 51 38.2 Maximum output without fan operation 55 38.3 Zero clearance .56 38.4 Maximum overload without trip .57 39 External Surface Temperature Limits Test .57 40 Dielectric Voltage-Withstand Test .58 41 Induced Potential Test .58 42 Testing on Transformer Insulating Materials 59 43 Strain R

22、elief Test .59 44 Overload Test 59 45 Overcurrent Protection Calibration Test 60 46 Ground-Fault Circuit-Interrupter Evaluation Test For Power Units .60 47 Battery Charger Overcharge Test .61 48 Abnormal Operation Test 61 48.1 General .61 48.2 Output short-circuit .63 48.3 Switch position .64 48.4 C

23、omponent malfunction .64 48.5 Rectier and capacitor short-circuit test .64 48.6 Vibration test 64 48.7 Surge protectors .65 48.8 Specic value overload .65 48.9 Blanketing test .65 48.10 Flanged bobbin transformer abnormal test .66 48.11 Blocked fan 68 49 Evaluation of Reduced Spacings on Printed Wir

24、ing Boards 68 49.1 General .68 49.2 Dielectric voltage-withstand test 68 49.3 Shorted trace test 68 50 Burnout Test .69 50.1 General .69 50.2 Relay and solenoid burnout 69 SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 4UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FRO

25、M UL 50.3 Transformer burnout 69 51 Gasket Tests .70 52 Atomized Water Test 71 53 Label Adhesion Test 72 MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION TESTS 54 Dielectric Voltage-Withstand Test .73 55 Grounding Continuity Test .74 RATING 56 General 75 MARKINGS 57 Details .75 58 Content 76 INSTRUCTIONS 59 Instruction

26、 Manual 79 PART II POWER-CONVERTER SYSTEMS 60 General 79 CONSTRUCTION 61 Frame and Enclosure .80 62 Power-Supply Assembly .81 63 Supply and Output Connections 81 64 Overcurrent Protection 82 65 Transfer Switch/Mechanisms .83 66 Spacings 83 PERFORMANCE 67 Temperature Test .84 MARKINGS 68 Details .84

27、SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 5UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL SUPPLEMENT SA - MARINE POWER CONVERTERS/INVERTERS AND POWER CONVERTER/ INVERTER SYSTEMS INTRODUCTION SA1 Scope SA1 SA2 Glossary SA1 CONSTRUCTION SA3 General SA2 SA4 Fr

28、ame and Enclosure SA2 SA4.1 General SA2 SA4.2 Enclosures for open cockpit or weatherdeck mounting .SA3 SA5 Protection Against Corrosion SA3 SA6 Supply Connections SA5 SA7 Internal Wiring And Grounding SA5 SA8 Battery Connections .SA5 SA9 Ignition Protection .SA5 SA10 Receptacles .SA6 SA11 Arcing Par

29、ts .SA6 SA12 Electrical Components SA6 PERFORMANCE SA13 General .SA6 SA14 Water Spray Test .SA6 SA15 Drip Test SA9 SA16 Leakage Current, Insulation Resistance, and Dielectric Voltage-Withstand (Repeated) . .SA9 SA17 Salt Spray Corrosion Test .SA9 SA18 Output Voltage Control .SA10 SA19 Electrolyte Co

30、nditioning SA10 SA20 Battery Discharge .SA11 SA21 Vibration .SA11 SA22 Shock SA12 SA23 Ignition Protection .SA12 SA24 Metallic Coating Thickness .SA13 SA25 Accelerated Aging of Gaskets, Sealing Compounds and Adhesives .SA15 SA26 Label Adhesion .SA17 MARKINGS SA27 Details .SA17 INSTRUCTIONS SA28 Inst

31、ruction Manual .SA18 SA29 Important Safety Instructions SA19 SA30 Assembly Instructions SA23 SA31 Operating Instructions SA23 SA32 Maintenance Instructions .SA23 SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 6UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL APPEN

32、DIX A Standards for ComponentsA1 SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 7UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL INTRODUCTION 1 Scope 1.1 These requirements cover xed and stationary power converters, power-converter systems, and accessories having

33、 a rated nominal input of 120, 120/240, or 240 V, alternating current and a nominal output of 24 V or less, direct current. These converters are intended for use within land vehicles where not directly exposed to outdoor conditions, and are intended to be employed in accordance with the National Ele

34、ctrical Code, NFPA 70. 1.2 These requirements also cover xed, stationary and portable power inverters and power-inverter systems having a dc input and a 120 or 240 V ac output. These inverters are intended for use within land vehicles where not directly exposed to outdoor conditions, and are intende

35、d to be employed in accordance with the National Electrical Code, NFPA 70. 1.3 These requirements also cover converters/inverters that are additionally intended to charge batteries. 1.4 Power converters covered by Part I of this standard are intended for connection to established 15- and 20-A branch

36、 circuits within a recreational vehicle. 1.5 Power-inverters covered by Part I of this standard are intended for connection to a 12- or 24-V dc battery supply. 1.6 Converters and inverters incorporating provisions for the connection of less than three line-voltage branch circuits are investigated un

37、der the requirements in Part I of this standard. 1.7 A power-converter or power-inverter system is intended for direct connection to a power-supply assembly. A system for connection of three or less line-voltage branch circuits, not including the main disconnect, may optionally be evaluated in accor

38、dance with the requirements in Part II of this standard, or with the applicable requirements for a Class CTL panelboard in the Standard for Panelboards, UL 67. Power converter systems and power inverter systems also employ circuitry as described in 1.4 and 1.5. 1.8 A power-converter or power-inverte

39、r system provided with more than three line-voltage branch circuits, not including the main disconnect, is investigated to the applicable requirements for a Class CTL panelboard in the Standard for Panelboards, UL 67. 1.9 Converters and inverters incorporating provisions for the connection of more t

40、han three line-voltage branch circuits are judged under the requirements in Part I of this standard and the applicable requirements for a Class CTL panelboard in accordance with the Standard for Panelboards, UL 67. 1.10 Each pole of a multiple-pole circuit breaker is a separate circuit. SEPTEMBER 2,

41、 2015 UL 458 8UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM UL 2 Glossary 2.1 For the purpose of this standard the following denitions apply. 2.2 ACCESSIBLE PART A part located so that it can be contacted by a person, either directly or by me

42、ans of a probe or tool during user servicing, or that is not recessed the required distance behind an opening. 2.3 BARRIER A partition for the insulation or isolation of electric circuits, for the isolation of electric arcs, or for isolation of moving parts or hot surfaces. In this respect, a barrie

43、r may serve as a portion of an enclosure or as a functional part. 2.4 BRANCH CIRCUIT That portion of the wiring system beyond the nal overcurrent protecting device on the power-distribution panel protecting the circuit to the output. 2.5 CIGARETTE LIGHTER CONNECTOR The male connector provided as par

44、t of a vehicle battery adapter for insertion into a cigarette lighter receptacle or a power outlet. 2.6 CLASS 2 TRANSFORMER A step-down, isolation type transformer having a secondary voltage of not more than 30 Vrms (42.4 peak) under any condition of loading including open circuit and complying with

45、 the applicable requirements in the Standard for Low Voltage Transformers Part 1: General Requirements, UL 5085-1 and the Standard for Low Voltage Transformers Part 3: Class 2 and Class 3 Transformers, UL 5085-3. 2.7 CONTROL CIRCUIT A circuit that carries electric signals directing the performance o

46、f a controller that, in turn, governs power delivered to a motor or other load in the equipment. A control circuit does not carry main power current. 2.8 ENCLOSURE That portion of a unit that reduces the accessibility and unintentional contact of a part that may involve a risk of re, electric shock

47、or injury to persons, or reduces the risk of propagation of ame, sparks, and molten metal initiated by an electrical disturbance occurring within. 2.9 FIELD-WIRING LEAD Any lead to which a supply, load or other wire is intended to be connected by an installer. 2.10 FIELD-WIRING TERMINAL Any terminal

48、 to which a supply or other wire is intended to be connected by an installer in the eld is a eld-wiring terminal unless the wire is provided as part of the product and a pressure terminal, connector, soldering lug, soldered loop, crimped eyelet, or other means for making the connection is factory-as

49、sembled to the wire. 2.11 FIXED UNIT A unit that is intended to be permanently connected electrically. 2.12 FLUSH-WALL-MOUNTED UNITS Units that are intended to be recessed in a wall. 2.13 LIMITED-ENERGY CIRCUIT A circuit having a voltage not exceeding 1000 V and the energy limited to 100 VA by a secondary winding of a transformer, or a xed impedance. SEPTEMBER 2, 2015 UL 458 9UL COPYRIGHTED MATERIAL NOT AUTHORIZED FOR FURTHER REPRODUCTION OR DISTRIBUTION WITHOUT PERMISSION FROM U