ANSI INCITS ISO IEC 15457-2-2001 Identification cards Thin flexible cards Part 2 Magnetic recording techniques.pdf

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1、Reference numberISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E)ISO/IEC 2001INTERNATIONALSTANDARDISO/IEC15457-2First edition2001-11-01Identification cards Thin flexible cards Part 2:Magnetic recording techniquesCartes didentification Cartes flexibles fines Partie 2: Techniques denregistrement magntiqueAdopted by INCITS (Int

2、erNational Committee for Information Technology Standards) as an American National Standard. Date of ANSI Approval: 4/9/02 Published by American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, New York, New York 10036 Copyright 2002 by Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). All rights res

3、erved. These materials are subject to copyright claims of International Standardization Organization (ISO), International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), and Information Technology Industry Council (ITI). Not for resale. No part of this publication ma

4、y be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior written permission of ITI. All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to ITI, 1250 Eye Street NW, Washington, DC 20005. Printed in the United States of America ISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E)PDF discla

5、imerThis PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be printed or viewed but shall notbe edited unless the typefaces which are embedded are licensed to and installed on the computer performing the editing. In downloading thisfile, parties accep

6、t therein the responsibility of not infringing Adobes licensing policy. The ISO Central Secretariat accepts no liability in thisarea.Adobe is a trademark of Adobe Systems Incorporated.Details of the software products used to create this PDF file can be found in the General Info relative to the file;

7、 the PDF-creation parameterswere optimized for printing. Every care has been taken to ensure that the file is suitable for use by ISO member bodies. In the unlikely eventthat a problem relating to it is found, please inform the Central Secretariat at the address given below. ISO/IEC 2001All rights r

8、eserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronicor mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member bodyin the country of the reque

9、ster.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.chWeb www.iso.chPrinted in Switzerlandii ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reservedISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved iiiContents Page1 Scope 12 Normative references13

10、 Terms and definitions .14 General characteristics.44.1 Introduction.44.2 Requirements common to all formats 44.3 Environmental conditions55 Magnetic stripe characteristics55.1 Stripe surface55.2 Stripe adherence.65.3 Stripe life .75.4 Magnetic characteristics75.5 Magnetic stripe zone reservation76

11、TFC.0 data recording.86.1 Magnetic track characteristics 86.2 Encoding characteristics.87 TFC.1 data recording.97.1 Magnetic track characteristics 97.2 TFC.1-specific stripe requirements 107.3 Encoding characteristics.118 TFC.5 data recording.128.1 Magnetic track characteristics 128.2 TFC.5-specific

12、 stripe requirements 128.3 Encoding characteristics.12Annex A (normative) Magnetics classes .14A.1 Signal amplitude requirements 14A.1.1 New, unused unencoded cards .14A.1.2 Unused, encoded cards15A.1.3 Returned cards15A.2 Static magnetic characteristics 15Annex B (normative) Encoding classes 16B.1

13、Encoding methods.16B.1.1 F/2F.16B.1.2 Split phase .16B.2 Encoding bit densities.17B.2.2 Transition angle 17B.2.3 Flux transition spacing.17ISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E)iv ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reservedForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotech

14、nical Commission)form the specialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IECparticipate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by therespective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activ

15、ity. ISO and IEC technical committeescollaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, inliaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives

16、, Part 3.In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1.Draft International Standards adopted by the joint technical committee are circulated to national bodies for voting.Publication as an International Standard requires approval by a

17、t least 75 % of the national bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO/IEC 15457 may be the subject ofpatent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.International Standard ISO/IEC

18、15457-2 was prepared by Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1, Informationtechnology, Subcommittee SC 17, Identification cards and related devices.ISO/IEC 15457 consists of the following parts, under the general title Identification cards Thin flexible cards: Part 1: Physical characteristics Part

19、2: Magnetic recording techniques Part 3: Test methodsAnnexes A and B form a normative part of this part of ISO/IEC 15457.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved 1Identification cards Thin flexible cards Part 2:Magnetic recording techniques1 ScopeThin flexible

20、cards, the subject of this International Standard, are used to automate the controls for access to goodsor services such as mass transit, highway toll systems, car parks, vouchers, stored value, etc.For these applications, data can be written and/or read by machines using various recording technique

21、s such asmagnetic stripe, optical character recognition (OCR), bar code, etc.This part of ISO/IEC 15457 specifies the magnetic stripe and encoding characteristics of thin flexible cards at twopoints in the card life cycle:1. at the point of loading into the card issuing equipment;2. at the point of

22、issue to the public.Guidance concerning the storage and usage of finished cards (including magnetic stripe cards) under variousenvironmental conditions is given in ISO/IEC 15457-1.2 Normative referencesThe following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, consti

23、tute provisions ofthis part of ISO/IEC 15457. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of thesepublications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based on this part of ISO/IEC 15457 are encouraged toinvestigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions o

24、f the normative documents indicated below. Forundated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IECmaintain registers of currently valid International Standards.ISO 4287-1, Surface roughness Terminology Part 1: Surface and its parametersISO 4287

25、-2, Surface roughness Terminology Part 2: Measurement of surface roughness parametersISO/IEC 7811-2, Identification cards Recording technique Part 2: Magnetic stripe Low coercivityISO/IEC 7811-6, Identification cards Recording technique Part 6: Magnetic stripe High coercivityISO/IEC 15457-1, Identif

26、ication cards Thin flexible cards Part 1: Physical characteristicsISO/IEC 15457-3, Identification cards Thin flexible cards Part 3: Test methodsIEC 60050-221, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary Chapter 221: Magnetic materials and components3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this part

27、of ISO/IEC 15457, the terms and definitions given in ISO/IEC 15457-1 and thefollowing apply.ISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E)2 ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved3.1trackarea of stripe surface occupied by the data encoded by a single channel of the magnetic recording write/readinterface3.2central stripestripe ce

28、ntred on the widthwise axis of the card3.3lateral stripeany widthwise stripe which is not centred on the widthwise axis of the card3.4re-usable carddurable card able to be recovered from the field (generally by automatic equipment operation) and re-issued3.5unused, unencoded cardcard possessing all

29、the components required for its intended purpose that has not been subjected to anypersonalization or testing operation and that has been stored in a clean environment with no more than 48 hourexposure to daylight at temperatures between 5 C and 30 C and humidity between 10 % and 90 % withoutexperie

30、ncing thermal shock3.6unused encoded cardcard according to 3.11 that has only been encoded with all the data required for its intended purpose (e.g. magneticencoding, printing etc.)13.7returned cardcard according to 3.12 after it has been issued to the card holder and returned for the purpose of tes

31、ting (e.g. re-usable card returned for possible re-issue)23.8Ra, Rzmeasures of surface irregularity see ISO 42873.9maximum fieldHmaxmaximum absolute magnetic field strength applied as described by the test method ISO/IEC 7811-63.10coercivityHcM= HcJcontinuously applied magnetic field which reduces t

32、he magnetisation to zero from a previous maximummagnetisation state in the opposite direction, the quantity of interest being that which is measured parallel to thelongitudinal axis of the stripe ISO/IEC 7811-61The definitions used in ISO/IEC 7811 refer to embossing and electronic encoding which are

33、 not defined in ISO/IEC 15457.However, printing on issue (as opposed to pre-printing) frequently accompanies magnetic encoding in applications of thinflexible cards.2In certain applications of thin flexible cards, the purpose of testing returned cards is to establish their suitability to be re-issue

34、dfor re-use. Such testing is generally done automatically by bulk sorter/encoder equipment.ISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved 33.11longitudinal squarenessSQ = Mr/Mat(Hmax)ratio of the value of magnetisation (Mr) at zero magnetic field (H=0) after the application and removal of

35、themaximum field (Hmax) to the magnetisation (M) at the maximum field applied (Hmax) measured along thelongitudinal axis of the stripe ISO/IEC 7811-63.12switching field by derivativeSFDthe width at half height of the differentiated static magnetisation curve M(H) divided by the coercivity from the s

36、amecurve ISO/IEC 7811-63.13switching field by slopeSFS(/H2/-/H1/)/ HcM, where M(-/H1/)=0,5Mrand M(-/H2/) = -0,5 Mr;the difference between the field values at theintercept of the static magnetisation M (H)loopwithM (H)=0,5Mrand M (H)=-0,5Mr, divided by the coercivityISO/IEC 7811-63.14recording techni

37、quetechnique, such as magnetic or optical encoding etc., used to store data on the card3.15nominal bit densityDRencoding density specified for a track3.16maximum test currentImaxupper of two test write currents used for testing TFC magnetic stripes3.17maximum test densityDmaxupper of two test record

38、ing densities used for testing TFC magnetic stripes3.18minimum test currentIminlower of the two test write currents used for testing TFC magnetic stripes3.19minimum test densityDminlower of two test recording densities used for testing TFC magnetic stripes3.20individual signal amplitudeUibase to pea

39、k amplitude of a single readback signal pulseISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E)4 ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved3.21average signal amplitudeUAThe arithmetic mean of the absolute values of the individual signal amplitudes found in a readback waveform:)amplitudessignalindividualofnumbertheis(where=1=iAnnUUnkk3.

40、22modulationmrange of variation of a readback signal defined by:AUUUm=2iminimaxwhere Uiis the individual readback signal amplitude and UAis the average readback signal amplitude recorded atDmaxand Imax.4 General characteristics4.1 IntroductionThree card sizes, TFC.0, TFC.1 and TFC.5, are defined in

41、ISO/IEC 15457-1.Common physical characteristics and the geometrical and topographical characteristics of each card size arespecified in ISO/IEC 15457-1.In this part of ISO/IEC 15457, the magnetic stripe and track characteristics specific to each size of card are given inseparate clauses. Common char

42、acteristics are specified in clause 4. Specifications for the permitted magnetic andencoding characteristics are given in the annexes.All clauses in all parts of ISO/IEC 15457 apply to finished cards or to the reels/packs from which such cards aretaken. Certain clauses however, such as durability, c

43、oncern the characteristics of the card throughout its life. As amatter of convenience and practicality, certain tests can be carried out on unfinished cards where it can bedemonstrated that no significant change in that property can arise during subsequent processing.4.2 Requirements common to all f

44、ormats4.2.1 General requirementsThin flexible cards may be finished in a variety of ways, according to the requirements of the system in which theyare to be used. This part of the standard deals with those which are equipped with a magnetic stripe.Stripes may be magnetically encoded, in accordance w

45、ith this part of ISO/IEC 15457.The addition of a magnetic stripe and the encoding of that stripe shall not affect the continued conformance of thefinished cards to the other applicable parts of ISO/IEC 15457.Magnetic stripes, however presented, shall be free from defects which could interfere with u

46、sage, such as joins,discontinuities, loose particles, embedded debris, creases, indentations and high spots. They shall not adhere to,or leave an impression on, the adjacent cards in a reel or pack.ISO/IEC 15457-2:2001(E) ISO/IEC 2001 All rights reserved 54.2.2 Reference edgesOnce identified in acco

47、rdance with the criteria defined in clause 5 of ISO/IEC 15457-1, the same front andreference edges shall be used exclusively and consistently in applying all relevant parts of ISO/IEC 15457,including this.NOTE 1 In the case of a central stripe, this constraint results in a unique relationship betwee

48、n reference edges and thebeginning of the encoded message.NOTE 2 For example, in the case of a lateral stripe, this constraint results in the unique relationship between reference edgesand stripe shown in Figure 1.BackReference edges are indicated by the black triangles.Figure 1 Reference edges for

49、lateral stripe4.3 Environmental conditions4.3.1 Testing environmentThe environmental conditions under which the characteristics specified in this part of ISO/IEC 15457 are to bemeasured are specified in ISO/IEC 15457-3.4.3.2 Storage environment and packagingMagnetic stripes shall continue to comply with the requirements of this standard after storage under the storageenvironment and packaging conditions specified in ISO/IEC 15457-1.4.3.3 Usage environmentMagnetic stripes shall remain structu