ANSI ASTM F2363 F2363M-2012 Standard Specification for Sewage and Graywater Flow Through Treatment Systems.pdf

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1、Designation: F2363/F2363M 12 An American National StandardStandard Specification forSewage and Graywater Flow Through Treatment Systems1This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2363/F2363M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the yearof original adoption or, in the

2、 case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A superscript epsilon () indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.INTRODUCTIONShipboard treatment of wastewater has evolved over the years from systems using macerat

3、ion andchlorination techniques to more advanced biological systems that are designed to treat a singlewastestream of sewage followed more recently by complex bio-reactor systems employing advancedoxidation and high-powered UV systems that are designed to remove organic and inorganic materialsfrom a

4、combined wastestream of sewage and graywater.Advancements in treatment technologies have been fueled, in part, by shipping companies wantingto adopt more environmentally friendly practices as well as by regulatory bodies imposing morestringent standards on wastewater discharges from ships.This stand

5、ard is a consolidated source of sewage and graywater treatment system requirements thatcombines international requirements in MARPOL Annex IV with requirements of other regulatorybodies and overlays industry best practices.1. Scope1.1 This specification covers the design, manufacture,performance, op

6、eration, and testing of flow through treatmentsystems intended to process sewage or graywater, or both,generated during a ships normal service. This specification isintended for use by designers, manufacturers, purchasers, andoperators of shipboard environmental pollution control equip-ment to deter

7、mine the requirements for equipment design,manufacture, purchase, and in-service operation.1.2 The treatment system shall be capable of meeting theeffluent requirements detailed in Section 4 with respect to aships operational area.1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsare to be

8、 regarded separately as standard. The values stated ineach system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, eachsystem shall be used independently of the other. Combiningvalues from the two systems may result in non-conformancewith the standard.1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the

9、safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is theresponsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.2. Referenced Documents2.1 ASTM Standards:2A307 Specification for Carbo

10、n Steel Bolts, Studs, andThreaded Rod 60 000 PSI Tensile StrengthA563 Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel NutsB117 Practice for Operating Salt Spray (Fog) ApparatusB165 Specification for Nickel-Copper Alloy (UNS N04400)Seamless Pipe and TubeD1253 Test Method for Residual Chlorine in WaterE11 Sp

11、ecification for Woven Wire Test Sieve Cloth and TestSievesF906 Specification for Letters and Numerals for ShipsF992 Specification for Valve Label PlatesF993 Specification for Valve Locking DevicesF998 Specification for Centrifugal Pump, Shipboard UseF1030 Practice for Selection of Valve OperatorsF10

12、98 Specification for Envelope Dimensions for ButterflyValvesNPS 2 to 24F1122 Specification for Quick Disconnect Couplings (6 in.NPS and Smaller)F1155 Practice for Selection and Application of PipingSystem MaterialsF1166 Practice for Human Engineering Design for MarineSystems, Equipment, and Faciliti

13、esF1298 Specification for Flexible, Expansion-Type Ball1This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F25 on Shipsand Marine Technology and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F25.06 onMarine Environmental Protection.Current edition approved May 1, 2012. Published June 2012

14、. Originallyapproved in 2004. Last previous edition approved in 2006 as F2363 - 06.DOI:10.1520/F2363_F2363M-12.2For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, orcontact ASTM Customer Service at serviceastm.org. For Annual Book of ASTMStandards volume information, refer to the s

15、tandards Document Summary page onthe ASTM website.Copyright ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States1Joints for Marine ApplicationsF1323 Specification for Shipboard IncineratorsF1387 Specification for Performance of Piping and TubingMech

16、anically Attached FittingsF1510 Specification for Rotary Positive DisplacementPumps, Ships UseF1511 Specification for Mechanical Seals for ShipboardPump ApplicationsF2044 Specification for Liquid Level Indicating Equipment,Electrical2.2 ASME Standards:3B16.1 Gray iron pipe flanges and flanged fittin

17、gs: Classes25, 125, and 250B16.5 Pipe flanges and flanged fittings: NPS12 through NPS24 metric/inch standardB16.11 Forged fittings, socket-welding and threadedB16.24 Cast copper alloy pipe flanges and flanged fittings:Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500, and 2500B16.34 Valves flanged, threaded, and wel

18、ding end2.3 IMO Regulations:4MARPOL Annex IV Regulations for the prevention ofpollution by sewage from shipsMEPC.159(55) Guidelines on implementation of effluentstandards and performance tests for sewage treatmentplants2.4 ISO Standards:5ISO 5815-1 Water qualityDetermination of biochemicaloxygen dem

19、and after n days (BODn)Part 1: Dilution andseeding method with allylthiourea additionISO 15705 Water qualityDetermination of the chemicaloxygen demand index (ST-COD)Small-scale sealed-tubemethod2.5 US Laws and Regulations:633 CFR Part 159 Marine sanitation devices33 CFR 159.301 Subpart EDischarge of

20、 effluents in certainAlaskan waters by cruise vessel operations40 CFR Part 136 Guidelines establishing test procedures forthe analysis of pollutants2.6 Other Standards:ANSI/ASSE 1001 Performance requirements for atmo-spheric type vacuum breakers5ANSI/ASSE 1013 Performance requirements for reducedpre

21、ssure principle backflow preventers and reduced pres-sure principle fire protection backflow preventers5ANSI/ISA 60079-1 Explosive atmospheresPart 1: Equip-ment protection by flameproof enclosures d5ANSI/ISA 60079-11 Explosive atmospheresPart 11: Equip-ment protection by intrinsic safety i5ANSI/NEMA

22、 250 Enclosures for electrical equipment (1000Volts Maximum)5ANSI/NEMA MG 1 Motors and generators5DoD 4715.6-R1 Regulations on vessels owned or operatedby the Department of Defense7IEC 60079-1 Explosive atmospheresPart 1: Equipmentprotection by flameproof enclosures d8IEC 60079-11 Explosive atmosphe

23、resPart 11: Equipmentprotection by intrinsic safety I8IEC 60085 Electrical insulationThermal evaluation anddesignation8IEC 60092350 Electrical installations in shipsPart 350:General construction and test methods of power, control,and instrumentation cables for shipboard and offshoreapplications8IEC

24、60092353 Electrical installations in shipsPart 353:Single and multicore non-radial field power cables withextruded solid insulation for rated voltages 1 kV and 3kV8IEC 60529 Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IPCode)8IEEE 1580 Recommended practice for marine cable for useon shipboard and

25、fixed or floating platforms9MIL-S-167-1 Test method standard for mechanical vibra-tions of shipboard equipment10MIL-S-901 Requirements for shock tests: High-impact ship-board machinery, equipment, and systems10NFPA 70 National Electrical Code11SNAME T (2) drainage from laundry facilities; or (3)drai

26、nage from bath, shower, and washbasin drains.3.1.12 holding tank, ntank for collecting or storing ofsewage or graywater, whether treated or untreated, havingsuitable design, construction, fittings, and coatings for theintended purpose as designated by the certifying body.3.1.12.1 DiscussionThe terms

27、 sludge tank, bioreactortank, collection tank, receiving tank, and flow equalization tankare synonymous with holding tank, but for a different purpose.3.1.13 influent, nliquid containing sewage, graywater, orother wastes, whether treated or untreated, flowing into thetreatment system or holding tank

28、.3.1.14 international voyage, nvoyage from a port or placein one country to a port or place outside such country, orconversely.3.1.15 operational, adj(1) quality of performance or qual-ity of effluent, a treatment system that continually processes,treats, and discharges wastewater to the applicable

29、treatmentstandard, or is ready to do so following an individual use; (2)functional area, a description of the ships route, duration ofvoyage, and distance from nearest land; (3) daily routine, aschedule of events, meal times, and work hours for the shipscrew.3.1.16 passenger shipsee cruise ship.3.1.

30、17 process water, nseawater or other liquid added tothe treatment process.3.1.18 residual chlorinesee chlorine.3.1.19 retention tank, nauxiliary tank, pressure vessel,container, reservoir, or similar component for storing liquids,solids, or gasses used or capable of being used during thetreatment pr

31、ocess.3.1.20 sewage, n(1) drainage and other wastes from anyform of toilets and urinals; (2) drainage from medical premises(for example, dispensary, sick bay, etc.) by means of washbasins, wash tubs, and scuppers located in such premises; (3)drainage from spaces containing living animals; or (4) oth

32、erwastewater when mixed with the drainages defined above.3.1.21 ship, nevery description of watercraft, other than aseaplane on the water, used or capable of being used as a meansof transportation in water.3.1.21.1 DiscussionThe terms ship and vessel are inter-changeable and synonymous.3.1.22 thermo

33、tolerant coliformsee coliform.3.1.23 tonnage, na function of the moulded volume ofenclosed spaces on the ship, gross or net, as indicated on theships international tonnage certificate.3.1.24 wastestreamsee wastewater.3.1.25 wastewater, nliquid containing sewage, graywater,or other similar wastes, in

34、cluding flushwater.3.1.25.1 DiscussionWastes do not include industrialwastes, such as from fixed or floating platforms engaged inexploration, exploitation, and associated offshore processing ofseabed mineral resources.3.1.26 vesselsee ship.4. ClassificationNOTE 1Concentration limit for solids is 10

35、% of calculated TSS. See11.14.1.4.1 Type I marine sanitation device is a flow-throughsewage treatment system certified by the U.S. Coast Guard forinstallation on a U.S. flagged vessel 19.7 m 65 ft in lengthand designed to meet the requirements in 33 CFR Part 159.This treatment system is typically a

36、small device that isdesigned to be used for processing, treating, and dischargingsewage “on demand” following each individual use. In theUnited States, vessels are able to discharge through this devicewhile operating within three nautical miles (nm) of land,except where otherwise prohibited.4.2 Type

37、 II-A marine sanitation device is a flow-throughsewage treatment system certified by the U.S. Coast Guard forinstallation on a U.S. flagged vessel of any length to meet theTABLE 1 Treatment Standards by Type of SystemAType Coliform,CFU/100mLTSS,mg/LBOD5,mg/LCOD,mg/LChlorine,g/LpHI #1000 (see Note1)

38、II-A #200 #150 II-B #100 #35 #25 #125 3 nm from nearest land.4.3 Type II-B sewage treatment plant is a flow-throughtreatment system of a type approved by the flagAdministrationfor installation on a ship engaged in international voyages of400 gross tonnage (GT) and above, and ships of 15 persons, to

39、meet the require-ments of regulation 9.1.1 of MARPOL Annex IV as amendedby MEPC.159(55). This treatment system is typically a largedevice that is designed to be used for processing, treating, anddischarging sewage or graywater, or both, continuously be-tween individual uses. While on an internationa

40、l voyage,vessels are able to discharge through this treatment systemwhile operating within 3 nm of land, except where otherwiseprohibited.4.4 Type II-C advanced wastewater treatment system areType II-B sewage treatment plants that are designed to treat acombined sewage and graywater influent to a mo

41、re stringentstandard for installation on a cruise ship authorized to carry500 passengers operating in certain Alaskan waters to meetthe requirements Subpart E to 33 CFR 159.301 et seq. Cruiseships are able to discharge through this treatment system whileoperating in certain Alaskan waters.4.5 Type I

42、II-A marine sanitation device certified by the U.S.Coast Guard for installation on a U.S. flagged vessel of anylength designed to prevent the overboard discharge of treatedor untreated sewage to meet the requirements in 33 CFR Part159. Typically this holding tank is used solely for the storageof was

43、tewater (for example, sewage, graywater, flushwater) atambient air pressure and temperatures. In the United States,vessels are able to discharge from a holding tank whileoperating outside of 3 nm of land, except where otherwiseprohibited. However, while operating on an internationalvoyage, such disc

44、harges occur at a distance of 12 nm fromnearest land and while the vessel is en route proceeding at 4kts.4.6 Type III-B sewage holding tank constructed to thesatisfaction of the flag Administration and having capacity forthe retention of all sewage, with visual means to indicate theamount of its con

45、tents, taking into account the operation of theship, the number of persons on board, and other relevantfactors, to meet the requirements of regulation 9.1.3 of MAR-POL Annex IV. Discharges are similar to Type III-A.5. Ordering Information5.1 General:5.1.1 Purchaser shall provide treatment system man

46、ufac-turer with all pertinent acquisition requirements, includingitems shown in 5.2.5.2 Acquisition Requirements:5.2.1 Title, number, and date of this specification.5.2.2 Type of treatment system (for example, Type II-B)from Section 4.5.2.3 Whether treatment system is designed to process orretain se

47、wage or graywater, or combined sewage and graywa-ter.5.2.4 Maximum number of persons, including non-crewmembers.5.2.5 Design Sizing Requirements:5.2.5.1 Hydraulic loading for both graywater and sewage inaccordance with Table 2, including method of collection,whether gravity or vacuum feed.5.2.5.2 Wh

48、en specifying growth margin, it is important toconsider the potential for increases in the number of crew andpassengers over the life of the ship.NOTE 2If vacuum collection is used for graywater, then designgeneration rate is expected to be the same as for gravity collectedgraywater.5.2.6 Organic lo

49、ading for both graywater and sewage inaccordance with Table 3.5.2.7 Thermal loading for both graywater and sewage influ-ent temperature taking into account management of variationsin influent temperature.5.2.7.1 Consideration should include the addition of a tem-perature or flow equalization tank, or other means to adjusttemperature.5.2.8 Treatment system start-up and stabilization periods.5.2.9 Space, weight, and service restrictions, if any.5.2.10 Doorway, hatch, and compartment dimensions, in-cluding clearance restrictions for