ANSI ASHRAE 214-2017 Standard for Determining and Expressing Building Energy Performance in a Rating Program.pdf

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1、ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 214-2017Standard forDetermining and ExpressingBuilding Energy Performancein a Rating ProgramApproved by ASHRAE on April 7, 2017, and by the American National Standards Institute on April 7, 2017.ASHRAE Standards are scheduled to be updated on a five-year cycle; the date followin

2、g the Standard number is the year ofASHRAE approval. The latest edition of an ASHRAE Standard may be purchased on the ASHRAE website (www.ashrae.org)or from ASHRAE Customer Service, 1791 Tullie Circle, NE, Atlanta, GA 30329-2305. E-mail: ordersashrae.org. Fax: 678-539-2129. Telephone: 404-636-8400 (

3、worldwide) or toll free 1-800-527-4723 (for orders in US and Canada). For reprintpermission, go to www.ashrae.org/permissions. 2017 ASHRAE ISSN 1041-2336SPECIAL NOTEThis American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is d

4、efinedby the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as“substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,but not neces

5、sarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution.”Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation. ASHRAE obtains consensus through part

6、icipation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The ProjectCommittee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee

7、 members may or may not be ASHRAE members, allmust be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees. The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted fora. interpretation of the contents of th

8、is Standard,b. participation in the next review of the Standard,c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, ord. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.DISCLAIMERASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of a

9、vailable information and acceptedindustry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systemstested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAEs Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standar

10、ds or Guidelineswill be nonhazardous or free from risk.ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDSASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, bysuggesting safe practices in designing and installi

11、ng equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other informationthat may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformanceto them is completely voluntary.In referring to this Standard or

12、 Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 214Cognizant TC: 7.6, Building Energy PerformanceSPLS Liaison: Julie M. FergusonWayne H. Stoppelmoor, Jr.*, Chair

13、 Neil P. Leslie* Steven Rosenstock*Steve Baden* Ross D. Montgomery* Nora Wang*J. Patrick Carpenter* Amy B. Musser* Martin Weiland*Hywel Davies* Jerry W. Phelan* Timothy G. WentzT. Randall Jones* Thomas H. Phoenix* Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publicationASHRAE

14、STANDARDS COMMITTEE 20162017Rita M. Harrold, Chair Michael W. Gallagher Cyrus H. NasseriSteven J. Emmerich, Vice-Chair Walter T. Grondzik David RobinJames D. Aswegan Vinod P. Gupta Peter SimmondsNiels Bidstrup Susanna S. Hanson Dennis A. StankeDonald M. Brundage Roger L. Hedrick Wayne H. Stoppelmoor

15、, Jr.Drury B. Crawley Rick M. Heiden Jack H. ZarourJohn F. Dunlap, Srinivas Katipamula William F. Walter, BOD ExOJames W. Earley, Jr. Cesar L. Lim Patricia Graef, COKeith I. Emerson Arsen K. MelikovJulie M. Ferguson R. Lee Millies, Jr.Stephanie C. Reiniche, Senior Manager of Standards ASHRAE (www.as

16、hrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.CONTENTSANSI/ASHRAE Standard 214-2017,Standard for Determining and ExpressingBuilding Energy Performance in a Rating Prog

17、ramSECTION PAGEForeword .21 Purpose.22 Scope23 Definitions .24 Scoping of the Program 25 Building .26 Type of Rating.37 Rating Methodology 48 Rating Scale59 Baseline 510 Assessor511 Indoor Environmental Quality612 Quality Assurance.613 Certificate or Label714 Renewal Period.7Informative Appendix AUs

18、e in Benchmarking .8NOTEApproved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASHRAEwebsite at www.ashrae.org/technology. 2017 ASHRAE1791 Tullie Circle NE Atlanta, GA 30329 www.ashrae.org All rights reserved.ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the A

19、merican Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute. ASHRAE (www.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not per

20、mitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 214-2017(This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merelyinformative and does not contain requirements necessaryfor conformance to the standard. It has not been pro-cessed according to the ANSI requirements for a standard

21、and may contain material that has not been subject topublic review or a consensus process. Unresolved objec-tors on informative material are not offered the right toappeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)FOREWORDThere are many commercial entities that are rating buildingsutilizing a number of different building

22、rating systems yield-ing varying results. ASHRAE Standard 214 is a noncommer-cial consensus standard that provides uniformity in thebuilding energy labeling and disclosure process and can beused in international, national, and regional legislation, pol-icy making, and regulation activities.1. PURPOS

23、E1.1 The purpose of this document is to provide a standard-ized approach and methodology for determining and express-ing building energy performance in a rating program.1.2 The purpose of this document is to standardize the con-tent of the label associated with the energy component of arating progra

24、m and to establish minimum requirements forrating program documentation.2. SCOPE2.1 This standard applies to the following:a. New and existing buildings.b. The building site or campus on which the buildings arelocated and all accessory and appurtenant structures,energy-using systems, and equipment l

25、ocated on the build-ing site.2.2 This standard establishes requirements for the following:a. Disclosure of building energy use via a rating and support-ing summary documentation.b. Modeling of buildings and building sites to estimate orpredict building energy use for an asset rating.c. Determining e

26、nergy use, with metered data, of buildingsand building sites to establish an operational rating.d. Acceptable credentialing criteria for individuals applyingthis standard and reporting building energy use.e. Format and content of the rating disclosure, the label, andsupporting documentation.2.3 This

27、 standard is intended to be used with one or multipleenergy performance metrics.2.4 This standard applies to only the energy component of arating program. 3. DEFINITIONSauthority having jurisdiction (AHJ): the agency or agentresponsible for enforcing this standard.building use type: the classificati

28、on of a building based on itsintended use as determined by the use and occupancy classifi-cation for the building that has been established by the AHJ. certificate: a document issued by the rating program.label: a symbol or other identifying mark of a third party,independent of the building owner, t

29、hat is attached to thebuilding. The label signifies that the building complies withthe requirements of the rating program. normalization parameter: a factor or parameter that allowsfor the normalization of energy use by the factor or parameter(e.g., Btu/studentyr or kWh/widgetyr) chosen to allow for

30、expression of energy performance.verification: the process by which specific documents, com-ponents, equipment, assemblies, systems, and interfacesamong systems are confirmed to comply with the criteriadescribed in the rating program. Informative Note: See http:/www.ashrae.org/terminologyfor additio

31、nal terms and definitions.4. SCOPING OF THE PROGRAM4.1 Parameters. The rating program shalla. define the parameters and methodology used to predict ormeasure energy use in a building, b. define the inputs required and the calculations and proce-dure used to determine a score for each rated building,

32、 andc. provide the methodology for comparison of a rated build-ing to similar buildings in the same climate zones and thedetermination of a comparative score.4.2 Type and Boundaries of Building. The standard shallindicate which building use types are covered. The rating pro-gram shall provide docume

33、ntation for how to determine thelimits or boundary of the rated building.4.3 Location. The rating program shall indicate the applica-ble geographic, municipal, state, or international area, loca-tion, or country.4.4 Type of Rating. Each rating program shall identify theapplicable types of rating (as

34、set, operational, or other).5. BUILDING5.1 General. The energy performance rating program seek-ing compliance with the requirements of this standard shallinclude one or more of the following buildings and all of theiroperating systems: a. Proposed buildingsb. Newly constructed buildingsc. Existing i

35、n-use buildingsd. Existing buildings following alteratione. An addition to an existing building The aspects subjected to the rating comprise any or allenclosed spaces and operating systems that contribute to orinfluence energy performance and are associated with thebuildings requirements. ASHRAE (ww

36、w.ashrae.org). For personal use only. Additional reproduction, distribution, or transmission in either print or digital form is not permitted without ASHRAEs prior written permission.ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 214-2017 35.2 Building Use Type and Space Class. The rating pro-gram shalla. disclose how it cat

37、egorizes building use types and condi-tioned spaces and b. define how it applies to different building use types, mixed-use buildings, partial buildings, or groups of buildings. These categories and definitions shall be documented andpublicly available.5.3 Building Characteristics Associated with En

38、ergy Per-formance. All of the following building characteristics shallbe included in a whole-building rating program, and one ormore characteristic shall be included in a rating program thatis not for whole buildings:a. Local climate Informative Note: Examples include site elevation andhourly values

39、 for climatic data, including air temperature (dryand wet-bulb), solar radiation, wind speed and direction, andrelative humidity.b. Building use typeInformative Note: Examples include occupant activitylevels and densities, internal gains, and associated schedules.c. Building envelopeInformative Note

40、: Examples include U-factors, air tight-ness, and window-wall ratio.d. Mechanical systemsInformative Note: Examples include space heating, cool-ing and ventilation, service water heating, pumps, fans, andother auxiliary equipment.e. Electrical systemsInformative Note: Examples include lighting, powe

41、r dis-tribution, and plug loads.f. Process loadsg. Energy-producing systemsA rating program that is not for whole buildings shall dis-close how excluded building characteristics are addressed.6. TYPE OF RATING6.1 General a. The type of rating being used depends on parameters andrestrictions listed i

42、n this section; this applies to all ratingtypes listed in this section. b. The rating shall be based on energy performance. Informative Note: Examples of energy performance met-rics include but are not limited to site, source, carbon, and cost. c. The rating program shall be developed and revisedthr

43、ough an open process that considers input from materi-ally affected parties. d. SI and I-P units shall be used in calculations, as applicable.e. The rating is applicable to residential, industrial, or com-mercial building sectors. Different methodologies shall bepermitted to apply to each sector. f.

44、 The rating shall be permitted to be based on the wholebuilding or defined boundary portions of the building, aslong as the energy use is measurable by approved meansand methods that are the subject of the energy analysis. Informative Note: See Informative Appendix A forapplication of ratings in ben

45、chmarking programs.6.1.1 Methods and Calculations6.1.1.1 The rating shall use documented scoring methodsand shall be described in the published instructions for theprogram.6.1.1.2 The metrics and methodologies used in the evalu-ation shall be defined.6.1.1.3 The comparison metrics or baselines shall

46、 be sub-divided into similar building use types, including mixed use;located in the same climate zones; and taken from a reliablesource, repeatable for its applications, and based on currentscientifically derived knowledge.6.1.1.4 The rating process shall use industry-standard,nationally recognized

47、and accepted engineering calculationsand formulas.6.1.1.5 Baselines shall be allowed to be calculated orfixed based on internal data from a single building or externaldata from similar building use types or energy codes.6.1.1.6 If the rating program uses normalization parame-ters and procedures, thi

48、s shall be documented and disclosed. 6.1.1.7 Data for baselines shall be permitted to beobtained from sources such as total building stock, specificstate or local building stock, a single portfolio of buildings, orother credible sources. 6.1.1.8 The use of renewable energy sources and calcula-tions,

49、 either on-site or off-site, shall be clearly defined.6.1.1.9 The comparison methodology shall be clearlydefined and published.6.1.2 Oversight6.1.2.1 The rating criteria shall be overseen by at leastone level of supervision by an organized and balanced entityof the rating program organization. This entity shall have theknowledge, expertise, and authority to make changes andalterations to the rating rules and process. 6.1.2.2 The rating program shall require that oversight ofthe rating is provided by a third party that shall have requisitequalifications.6.1.2.3 T