ANSI ASA S12.5-2016 American National Standard Acoustics - Requirements for the performance and calibration of reference sound sources used for the determination of sound power lev).pdf

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1、 ANSI/ASA S12.5-2016 / ISO 6926:2016 (a revision of ANSI/ASA S12.5-2006 / ISO 6926:1999) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Acoustics Requirements for the performance and calibration of reference sound sources used for the determination of sound power levels (a nationally adopted international standard) Acc

2、redited Standards Committee S12, Noise Standards Secretariat Acoustical Society of America 1305 Walt Whitman Road, Suite 300 Melville, NY 11747 ANSI/ASAS12.5-2016/ ISO 6926:2016The American National Standards Institute, Inc. (ANSI) is the national coordinator of voluntary standards development and t

3、he clearinghouse in the U.S.A. for information on national and international standards. The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) is an organization of scientists and engineers formed in 1929 to increase and diffuse the knowledge of acoustics and to promote its practical applications. ANSI/ASA S12.5-2

4、016/ISO 6926:2016 (Revision of ANSI/ASA S12.5-2006/ISO 6926:1999) AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD Acoustics Requirements for the performance and calibration of reference sound sources used for the determination of sound power levels (a nationally adopted international standard) Secretariat: Acoustical So

5、ciety of America Approved on April 11, 2016, by: American National Standards Institute, Inc. Abstract This Standard specifies the acoustical performance requirements and the important physical and performance characteristics of reference sound sources and specifies procedures for their calibration.

6、Reference sound sources are used extensively in “comparison methods” for determining the noise emissions of physically stationary sound sources. A reference sound source of known sound power output is used to establish the numerical relationship between the sound power level of a source, in a given

7、location, in a given acoustic environment and the space- and time-averaged sound pressure level at a set of microphone positions. Once that relationship is established, it is straightforward to measure the average sound pressure level produced by an “unknown source” and to determine the sound power

8、level produced by that source. This is an identical national adoption of ISO 6926:2016. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARDS ON ACOUSTICS The Acoustical Society of America (ASA) provides the Secretariat for Accredited Standards Committees S1 on Acoustics, S2 on Mechanical Vibration and Shock, S3 on Bioacoust

9、ics, S3/SC 1 on Animal Bioacoustics, and S12 on Noise. These committees have wide representation from the technical community (manufacturers, consumers, trade associations, organizations with a general interest, and government representatives). The standards are published by the Acoustical Society o

10、f America as American National Standards after approval by their respective Standards Committees and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). These standards are developed and published as a public service to provide standards useful to the public, industry, and consumers, and to Federal, S

11、tate, and local governments. Each of the Accredited Standards Committees (operating in accordance with procedures approved by ANSI) is responsible for developing, voting upon, and maintaining or revising its own Standards. The ASA Standards Secretariat administers Committee organization and activity

12、 and provides liaison between the Accredited Standards Committees and ANSI. After the Standards have been produced and adopted by the Accredited Standards Committees, and approved as American National Standards by ANSI, the ASA Standards Secretariat arranges for their publication and distribution. A

13、n American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substantial agr

14、eement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered and that a concerted effort be made towards their resolution. The use of an American National Standard is completely voluntary. Their existence does not in any

15、 respect preclude anyone, whether he or she has approved the Standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the Standards. NOTICE: This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. The procedures of th

16、e American National Standards Institute require that action be taken periodically to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this Standard. Acoustical Society of America ASA Secretariat 1305 Walt Whitman Road, Suite 300 Melville, New York 11747 Telephone: 1 (631) 390-0215 Fax: 1 (631) 923-2875 E-mail: asastds

17、acousticalsociety.org 2016 by Acoustical Society of America. This standard may not be reproduced in whole or in part in any form for sale, promotion, or any commercial purpose, or any purpose not falling within the provisions of the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, without prior written permission of the

18、 publisher. For permission, address a request to the Standards Secretariat of the Acoustical Society of America. These materials are subject to copyright claims of ISO and ASA. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, including an electronic retrieval system, without the prior writ

19、ten permission of the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). All requests pertaining to this standard should be submitted to the Acoustical Society of America (ASA). 2016 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved i Contents 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 2 3 Terms and definitions 2 4 Referen

20、ce meteorological conditions 5 5 Performance requirements 5 5.1 General . 5 5.2 Temporal steadiness (stability) of sound power output . 5 5.3 Total broadband sound power level . 6 5.4 Spectral characteristics 6 5.5 Directivity 6 5.6 Recalibration 7 6 Instrumentation 8 6.1 General . 8 6.2 Microphone

21、in a hemi-anechoic room 8 6.3 Microphone in a reverberation test room . 8 6.4 Microphone frequency response correction . 8 6.5 Verification 9 6.6 Microphone calibration check . 9 7 Installation and operation of the reference sound source during calibration 9 7.1 General . 9 7.2 Requirements in hemi-

22、anechoic rooms . 10 7.3 Requirements in reverberation rooms 10 8 Calibration procedure in hemi-anechoic rooms 10 8.1 Test environment . 10 8.2 Microphone positions . 10 8.3 Measurements 11 8.4 Calculations 12 9 Calibration procedure in reverberation test rooms 13 9.1 Test environment . 13 9.2 Microp

23、hone positions . 13 9.3 Measurements 13 9.4 Calculations 14 10 Alternative calibration procedure at low frequencies . 14 11 Measurement uncertainty . 15 11.1 General . 15 11.2 Typical values of the reproducibility standard deviation 15 12 Information to be recorded . 16 13 Information to be reported

24、 16 ii 2016 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved Annex A (informative) Guidance on the determination of C2 18 A.1 General . 18 A.2 C2 for some type sources . 18 Annex B (normative) Alternative calibration procedure at low frequencies 20 B.1 Procedure . 20 B.2 Data to be reported 20 Bibl

25、iography 21 Tables Table 1 Maximum value of the standard deviation of the sound power level under repeatability conditions for a reference sound source in accordance with this American National Standard . 6 Table 2 Estimated values of the standard deviations of reproducibility of sound power levels

26、of reference sound sources determined according to this American National Standard . 16 Table B.1 Tolerance for s ound power level difference . 20 2016 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved iii Foreword This Foreword is for information only and is not a part of ANSI/ASA S12.5-2016/ISO 69

27、26:2016 American National Standard Acoustics Requirement s for the performance and calibration of reference sound sources used for the determination of sound power levels. As such, this Foreword may contain material that has not been subjected to public review or a consensus process. In addition, it

28、 does not contain requirements necessary for conformance to the standard. This standard comprises a part of a group of definitions, standards, and specifications for use in noise. It was developed and approved by Accredited Standards Committee S12 Noise, under its approved operating procedures. Thos

29、e procedures have been accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI). The Scope of Accredited Standards Committee S12 is as follows: Standards, specifications, and terminology in the field of acoustical noise pertaining to methods of measurement, evaluation, and control, including b

30、iological safety, tolerance, and comfort, and physical acoustics as related to environmental and occupational noise. This standard is a revision of ANSI/ASA S12.5-2006/ISO 6926:1999, which has been technically revised. This Standard is identical to International Standard ISO 6926:2016, which was pre

31、pared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 Subcommittee SC 1, Noise. However, in conformance with ANSI and ISO rules, the words “American National Standard” replace the words “International Standard” where they appear in the ISO document, decimal points were substituted in place of the decimal commas us

32、ed in ISO documents, and American English spelling is used in place of British English spelling. The ANSI/ASA equivalents for the ISO and IEC standards referenced herein are given below: ANSI/ASA S1.4/Part 1/IEC 61672-1 is an identical national adoption of IEC 61672-1; ANSI/ASA S1.4/Part 2/IEC 61672

33、-2 is an identical national adoption of IEC 61672-2; ANSI/ASA S1.4/Part 3/IEC 61672-3 is an identical national adoption of IEC 61672-3; ANSI/ASA S1.11/Part 1/IEC 61260-1 is an identical national adoption of IEC 61260-1; ANSI/ASA S12.50/ISO 3740 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3740; ANSI/ASA

34、 S12.51/ISO 3741 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3741; ANSI/ASA S12.53/Part 1/ISO 3743-1 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3743-1; ANSI/ASA S12.53/Part 2/ISO 3743-2 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3743-2; ANSI/ASA S12.54/ISO 3744 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3744

35、; ANSI/ASA S12.55/ISO 3745 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3745; ANSI/ASA S12.56/ISO 3746 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3746; and ANSI/ASA S12.57/ISO 3747 is an identical national adoption of ISO 3747. At the time this Standard was submitted to Accredited Standards Committee S12,

36、 Noise for approval, the membership was as follows: S.J. Lind, Chair D.F. Winker, Vice-Chair S.B. Blaeser, Secretary 3M Occupational Health Fax: (631) 923-2875; E-mail: asastdsacousticalsociety.org. 2016 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved vii Introduction Reference sound sources are u

37、sed extensively in “comparison methods” for determining the noise emissions of physically stationary sound sources. A reference sound source, of known sound power output, is used to establish the numerical relationship between the sound power level of a source, in a given location in a given acousti

38、c environment and the space- and time-averaged sound pressure level at a set of microphone positions. Once that relationship is established, it is straightforward to measure the average sound pressure level produced by an “unknown source” and to determine the sound power level produced by that sourc

39、e. This American National Standard defines the important physical and performance characteristics of reference sound sources and specifies procedures for their calibration, primarily to determine the sound power level of other sound sources. This American National Standard supplements a group or fam

40、ily of Nationally Adopted International Standards, the ANSI/ASA S12.50/ISO 3740 group, which describes various methods for determining the sound power levels of machines and equipment. This group of American National Standards specifies the acoustical requirements for measurements that are appropria

41、te for different test environments. Five American National Standards in the ANSI/ASA S12.50/ISO 3740 group include procedures in which a reference sound source is used: ANSI/ASA S12.51/ISO 3741, ANSI/ASA S12.53/Part 1/ISO 3743-1, ANSI/ASA S12.54/ISO 3744, ANSI/ASA S12.56/ISO 3746 and ANSI/ASA S12.57

42、/ISO 3747. ANSI/ASA S12.50/ISO 3740 gives guidelines for the use of all the American National Standards in the group. Note that the sound power output of reference sound sources will vary, in particular at low frequencies, with the distance from the source to nearby reflecting planes. Sound power da

43、ta of reference sound sources are thus valid only for the position used during the calibration. In addition to being useful for determining sound power levels by the comparison method, reference sound sources can be used for qualification tests on an acoustic environment and to estimate the influenc

44、e of an acoustic environment on the sound pressure levels produced by one or more sound sources located in that environment. Examples of International Standards referring to reference sound sources with these applications are ISO/TR 11690-3 and ISO 14257. Requirements other than those of this Americ

45、an National Standard can be applicable in these cases. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/ASA S12.5-2016/ISO 6926:2016 2016 Acoustical Society of America All rights reserved 1American National Standard Acoustics Requirements for the performance and calibration of reference sound sources used for the de

46、termination of sound power levels (a nationally adopted international standard) 1 Scope This American National Standard specifies the acoustical performance requirements for reference sound sources: temporal steadiness (stability) of the sound power output; spectral characteristics; directivity. Tem

47、poral steadiness is defined in terms of the standard deviation of repeatability (see 5.2). The spectral characteristics can be verified in either a hemi-anechoic room or a reverberation test room from measurements of the frequency band sound power levels in accordance with this American National Sta

48、ndard (see 5.4). The performance requirements on directivity index can only be verified in a hemi-anechoic room (see 5.5). This American National Standard also specifies procedures for providing level calibration data and uncertainty on a sound source intended for use as a reference sound source in

49、terms of its sound power level under reference meteorological conditions as defined in Clause 4 in octave and in one-third-octave bands, and with frequency weighting A. This American National Standard is titled as a calibration standard even though the method is conducted in a testing laboratory and the level calibration results are not directly traceable to national standards of measure in a strict metrological sense. Testing laboratories performing this method are not expected to meet all requirements normally associated wit