AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14-2014 Cylindrical Gears - ISO System of Flank Tolerance Classification - Part 1 Definitions and Allowable Values of Deviations Relevant to Flanks of Gear Teeth.pdf

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1、ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 Identical to ISO 1328-1:2013 American National Standard Cylindrical Gears - ISO System of Flank Tolerance Classification - Part 1: Definitions and Allowable Values of Deviations Relevant to Flanks of Gear Teeth AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA IS

2、O 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved ii Cylindrical Gears - ISO System of Flank Tolerance Classification - Part 1: Definitions and Allowable Values of Deviations Relevant to Flanks of Gear Teeth ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 Approval of an American National Standard requires verification by ANSI th

3、at the requirements for due process, consensus and other criteria for approval have been met by the standards developer. Consensus is established when, in the judgment of the ANSI Board of Standards Review, substantial agreement has been reached by directly and materially affected interests. Substan

4、tial agreement means much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that a concerted effort be made toward their resolution. The use of American National Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not

5、in any respect preclude anyone, whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing or using products, processes or procedures not conforming to the standards. The American National Standards Institute does not develop standards and will in no circumstances give a

6、n interpretation of any American National Standard. Moreover, no person shall have the right or authority to issue an interpretation of an American National Standard in the name of the American National Standards Institute. Requests for interpretation of this standard should be addressed to the Amer

7、ican Gear Manufacturers Association. CAUTION NOTICE: AGMA technical publications are subject to constant improvement, revision or withdrawal as dictated by experience. Any person who refers to any AGMA Technical Publication should be sure that the publication is the latest available from the Associa

8、tion on the subject matter. Tables or other self-supporting sections may be referenced. Citations should read: See ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14, Cylindrical Gears - ISO System of Flank Tolerance Classification - Part 1: Definitions and Allowable Values of Deviations Relevant to Flanks of Gear Teeth, pub

9、lished by the American Gear Manufacturers Association, 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314, http:/www.agma.org. Approved September 30, 2014 ABSTRACT This standard provides tolerances for the tooth flanks of unassembled spur and helical gears. Tolerance classes are numbered

10、from 1 to 11. Applicable definitions are provided. The purpose is to provide a common basis for specifying tolerances, which may simplify the procurement of unassembled gears. It is not a design manual for determining the specific tolerance levels for a given application. Published by American Gear

11、Manufacturers Association 1001 N. Fairfax Street, Suite 500, Alexandria, Virginia 22314 Copyright 2014 by American Gear Manufacturers Association All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written perm

12、ission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-61481-114-5 American National Standard AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved iii Contents Foreword . v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 2 3 Terms, definitions and symbols . 2

13、3.1 Fundamental terms and symbols 2 3.2 General dimensions 5 3.2.1 reference diameter d . 5 3.2.2 measurement diameter dM6 3.2.3 profile form filter cutoff . 6 3.2.4 helix form filter cutoff . 6 3.2.5 roll path length length of roll 6 3.2.6 length of path of contact g . 6 3.2.7 datum axis . 6 3.3 Pi

14、tch deviations . 6 3.3.1 individual single pitch deviation fpi. 6 3.3.2 single pitch deviation fp8 3.3.3 individual cumulative pitch deviation individual index deviation Fpi. 8 3.3.4 total cumulative pitch deviation total index deviation Fp8 3.4 Profile deviations . 8 3.4.1 Profile deviations - Gene

15、ral . 8 3.4.2 Analysis of profile deviations . 10 3.5 Helix deviations . 11 3.5.1 Helix deviations - General . 11 3.5.2 Analysis of helix deviations . 12 4 Application of the ISO flank tolerance classification system 14 4.1 General 14 4.2 Geometrical parameters to be verified 14 4.3 Equipment verifi

16、cation and uncertainty . 16 4.4 Considerations for elemental measurements . 16 4.4.1 Summary of considerations . 16 4.4.2 Datum axis 16 4.4.3 Direction of measurement . 16 4.4.4 Direction of tolerance 16 4.4.5 Measurement diameter . 17 4.4.6 Measurement data filtering 17 4.4.7 Measurement data densi

17、ty 18 4.4.8 Required measuring and evaluation practices 18 4.5 Specification of gear flank tolerance requirements . 20 4.6 Acceptance and evaluation criteria . 20 4.6.1 Designation of flank tolerance class . 20 4.6.2 Modified flank tolerance class . 20 4.6.3 Tolerances . 20 4.6.4 Acceptance criteria

18、 20 4.6.5 Evaluation of flank tolerance class 21 4.6.6 Additional characteristics 21 4.7 Presentation of data 21 5 Tolerance values 21 5.1 General 21 5.2 Use of formulae . 21 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved iv 5.2.1 Range of application . 21 5.2.2 St

19、ep factor . 21 5.2.3 Rounding rules 21 5.3 Tolerance formulae . 22 5.3.1 Single pitch tolerance, fpT22 5.3.2 Cumulative pitch (index) tolerance, total, FpT22 5.3.3 Profile tolerances 22 5.3.4 Helix tolerances . 22 Bibliography 40 Annexes Annex A (normative) Zone-based tolerance evaluation 23 Annex B

20、 (normative) Evaluation of profile and helix deviations using the second order analysis method . 26 Annex C (informative) Profile and helix data filtering 29 Annex D (informative) Sector pitch deviation 31 Annex E (normative) Allowable values of runout 33 Annex F (informative) Single flank composite

21、 testing . 35 Annex G (informative) Adjacent pitch difference, fu39 Tables Table 1 - Terms, listed in alphabetical order, with symbols 2 Table 2 - Symbols, listed in alphabetical order, with terms . 4 Table 3 - Parameters - Locations of definitions and tolerances 14 Table 4 - Parameters to be measur

22、ed 15 Table 5 - Minimum number of measurements 15 Figures Figure 1 - Diameters and roll path length for an external gear pair 7 Figure 2 - Pitch deviations . 7 Figure 3 - Measured profile . 9 Figure 4 - Profile deviations with unmodified involute . 9 Figure 5 - Profile deviations with pressure angle

23、 modified . 9 Figure 6 - Profile deviations with profile crowning modification 10 Figure 7 - Profile deviations with profile modified with tip relief 10 Figure 8 - Profile deviations with profile modified with tip and root relief 10 Figure 9 - Helix deviations with unmodified helix 12 Figure 10 - He

24、lix deviations with helix angle modification 12 Figure 11 - Helix deviations with helix crowning modification . 13 Figure 12 - Helix deviations with helix end relief . 13 Figure 13 - Helix deviations with modified helix angle with end relief . 13 Figure 14 - Profile excess . 19 Figure 15 - Helix exc

25、ess 19 AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved v Foreword The foreword, footnotes and annexes, if any, in this document are provided for informational purposes only and are not to be construed as a part of ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14, Cylindrical Gears - ISO Sy

26、stem of Flank Tolerance Classification - Part 1: Definitions and Allowable Values of Deviations Relevant to Flanks of Gear Teeth. The Gear Classification Manual, originally published as AGMA 390.01 in 1961 and revised as AGMA 390.02 in September 1964, provided tolerances for gear tooth flanks. AGMA

27、390.03, published in 1973, was a major revision that consolidated the information in AGMA 390.02 with several other AGMA publications, including: - AGMA 235.02 (Feb. 1966), Information Sheet for Master Gears; - AGMA 239.01 (Oct. 1965), Measuring Methods and Practices Manual for Control of Spur, Heli

28、cal and Herringbone Gears; - AGMA 239.01A (Sept. 1966), Measuring Methods and Practices Manual for Control of Bevel and Hypoid Gears, and parts of; - AGMA 236.05 (ASA B6.11, June 1956), Inspection of Fine-Pitch Gears. Data was added for gear rack and fine-pitch worms and worm gears. The former separ

29、ate sections of AGMA 390.02 for coarse-pitch and fine-pitch spur, helical and herringbone gearing were blended to offer a single, compatible classification system. The tolerance identifier “Q” was added to indicate that the tolerances in 390.03 apply. If Q was not used as a prefix in the quality num

30、ber, tolerances in AGMA 390.01 and 390.02 applied. ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88, Gear Classification and Inspection Handbook - Tolerances and Measuring Methods for Unassembled Spur and Helical Gears, was an update of those sections from AGMA 390.03 for parallel axis gears only. Additionally, the formulas stat

31、ed the tolerances in both U.S. standard and metric terms. The content was revised, but basic tolerance levels were unchanged from AGMA 390.03. The other material in AGMA 390.03 on bevels and worms was replaced by ANSI/AGMA 2009-A99 and ANSI/AGMA 2011-A98, respectively. ANSI/AGMA 2000 was approved by

32、 AGMA membership in January 1988, and as an American National Standard Institute (ANSI) standard on March 31, 1988. ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1 was developed by ISO Technical Committee 60 as an International Standard with ANSI/AGMA participation. It was first published in February 1995, was adopted without

33、 changes by the AGMA membership in June 1999, and was approved as an American National Standard in November 1999. While the subjects covered in this standard were similar to those in ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88, there were significant differences. They included: - Accuracy grade numbering system was reversed

34、, such that the smallest number represented the smallest tolerance; - Relative magnitudes of elemental tolerances for a single grade are in a different proportion; - The “profile evaluation range” and “helix evaluation range”, where the tolerances are applied, are defined for less flank area than in

35、 ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88; - The “K Chart” is not used for the permissible tolerance values; - Runout is not included as one of the elements with a tolerance; - Concepts of “mean measurement trace”, “design profile”, “design helix”, “slope deviation” and “form deviation” are defined. - Tolerances are esta

36、blished by geometric mean values of relevant ranges of parameters in tables, not by formulas; Therefore, the users of ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1 were cautioned to be careful when comparing tolerance values formerly specified using ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88. ANSI/AGMA 2015-1-A01 later replaced ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88

37、and ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1. It combined the grading system of ISO 1328-1with the methods of ANSI/AGMA 2000-A88, and added concepts of accuracy grade grouping for minimum measurement requirements, filtering, data density, and roughness limits to form deviations. Tolerance formulas were based on the act

38、ual gear geometry rather than on geometric mean values. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved vi ISO 1328-1:2013 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 60, Gears. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 1328-1:1995). While the b

39、asis of this edition was AGMA 2015-1 A01, the new revision includes significant technical changes. In particular, the following should be noted: - The scope of applicability has been expanded; - Revisions have been made to the formulae which define the flank tolerances; - Annexes have been added to

40、describe additional methods for analysis of modified profiles and helices; - The evaluation of runout, previously handled in ISO 1328-2, has been brought back into this part of ISO 1328. AGMA Gear Accuracy Committee approved adoption of the new ISO 1328-1:2013 in November 2013. AGMA membership appro

41、ved the adoption in August 2014. It was approved as an American National Standard on September 30, 2014. Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcome. They may be submitted to techagma.org. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved vii PERSONNE

42、L of the AGMA Gear Accuracy Committee Chairman: Steven A. Lindley Rexnord Gear Group Vice Chairman: John M. Rinaldo Atlas Copco Comptec LLC ACTIVE MEMBERS M.E. Cowan Gleason Metrology Systems Corporation M. Crossman Caterpillar Inc. R. Layland Precision Gage Company M. May The Gleason Works E. Reite

43、r . Web Gear Services Ltd. B. Schultz . Great Lakes Industry, Inc. R.E. Smith R.E. Smith mnis the normal module; b is the facewidth (axial); z is the number of teeth; is the helix angle. See Clause 4 for required and optional measuring methods. Gear design is beyond the scope of this part of ISO 132

44、8. Surface texture is not considered in this part of ISO 1328. For additional information on surface texture, see ISO/TR 10064-4. AMERICAN NATIONAL STANDARD ANSI/AGMA ISO 1328-1-B14 AGMA 2014 All rights reserved 2 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively r

45、eferenced in this document and are indispensable to its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 701, International gear notation - Symbols for geometrical data ISO

46、 1122-1, Vocabulary of gear terms - Part 1: Definitions related to geometry ISO 1328-2, Cylindrical gears - ISO system of accuracy - Part 2: Definitions and allowable values of deviations relevant to radial composite deviations and runout information ISO/TR 10064-1, Code of inspection practice - Par

47、t 1: Inspection of corresponding flanks of gear teeth ISO/TS 16610-1, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Filtration - Part 1: Overview and basic concepts ISO 16610-21, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Filtration - Part 21: Linear profile filters: Gaussian filters ISO 21771, Gears -

48、 Cylindrical involute gears and gear pairs - Concepts and geometry 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 3.1 Fundamental terms and symbols For the purposes of this part of ISO 1328, the following terms, definitions and symbols apply. NOTE 1: For other definitions of geometric terms related to gearing, se

49、e ISO 701, ISO 1122-1 and ISO 21771. NOTE 2: Some of the symbols and terminology contained in this part of ISO 1328 might differ from those used in other documents and International Standards. NOTE 3: The terminology and symbols used in this part of ISO 1328 are listed, in alphabetical order, by term in Table 1, and in alphabetical order, by symbol in Table 2. The text of terms used in Table 1 has been adjusted to form groups of logical terms. Subscript “T” is used for tolerance values. Table 1 - Terms, listed in alphabetical order, with symbols Term Sym