AECMA PREN 9103-2001 Aerospace Series Quality Management Systems Variation Management Of Key Characteristics Edition P 1《航空航天系列.质量管理系统变异管理特征.P1版》.pdf

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1、AECMA STANDARD NORME AECMA AECMA NORM Edition approved for publication Comments should be sent within six months after the date of publication to 2001-07-31 AECMA-STAN Gulledelle 94 6-1200 BRUXELLES prEN 9103 Edition P 1 July 2001 Procedure and Process Domain Mr Zagonel PUBLISHED BY THE EUROPEAN ASS

2、OCIATION OF AEROSPACE INDUSTRIES - STANDARDIZATION (AECMA-STAN) Gulledelle 94 - 8-1200 BRUXELLES - Tel. (+32) 2 775 81 10 - Fax. (+32) 2 775 81 11 ICs: Descriptors: ENGLISH VERSION Aerospace series Quality management systems Variation management of key characteristics Srie arospatiale Systmes de man

3、agement de la qualit Management de la variation des caractristiques clefs Luft- und Raumfahrt Qualittsmanagementsystems Management der Vernderung der Haupteigenshaffen This %Aerospace Series“ Prestandard has been drawn up under the responsibility of AECMA (The European Association of Aerospace Indus

4、tries). It is published on green paper for the needs of AECMA- Members. It has been technically approved by the experts of the concerned Technical Committee following comment by the Member countries. Subsequent to the publication of this Prestandard, the technical content shall not be changed to an

5、extent that interchangeability is affected, physically or functionally, without re-identification of the standard. Affer examination and signature of the AECMA Standard Checking Centre (NPS) and formal agreement of the Oficial Services of the Member countries it will be submitted as a draft European

6、 Standard to CEN (European Committee for Standardization) for formal vote. NOTE This standard is technically equivalent to SAE AS9103 COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 2 prEN 91 03: 2001 Foreword In December 1998, the

7、 Aerospace Industry has established the International Aerospace Quality Group (IAQG) with the purpose of achieving significant improvements in quality and reductions in cost throughout the value stream. This organization, with representation from Aerospace companies in Americas, Asia and Europe and

8、sponsored by SAE, SJAC and AECMA has agreed to take responsibility for the technical contents of this standard. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 3 prEN 91 03: 2001 Contents I 1 .I 1.2 1.3 2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6

9、3.7 4 5 6 introduction . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Convention . . . . . . . . . Customer . * Key Characteristic Process Owner . Process Control Document (PCD) . . . . Applica

10、bility General requirements . Process model . . . . . . . . FIGURE 1 - Preferred Model for Key Characteristic Variation Management . . APPENDIX I - Guidelines to Meeting Requirements for Variation Management of Key Characteristics .I. . . . . . APPENDIX 2 - Process control document example BIBLIOGRA

11、PHY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 7 7 8 11 15 COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 4 prEN 9103: 2001 1 Introduction This Aerospace Standard establ

12、ishes variation management requirements for Key Characteristics. The Standard also specifies general requirements and provides a process to achieve those requirements. The Standard requires a thorough assessment of the part production process with the primary goals being to control and minimize vari

13、ation in characteristics being produced by this process. Specifically, the Standard mandates: Understanding process elements that affect Key Characteristics. Disciplined determination of process Key Characteristics using appropriate analysis tools for variation control and reduction to satisfy Custo

14、mer requirements. Control and capability assessment to ensure variation is well understood. Process Control Documentation that defines specific control of Key Characteristics and manufacturing process parameters. This standard does not: Mandate rejection of any part that conforms to engineering spec

15、ification. Inhibit shipment or use of product during production process capability assessment. Although this Aerospace Standard is focused on production and variation control of Key Characteristics, this process can also be used as a model for other characteristics, such as those that affect cost an

16、d delivery. 1 .I Scope This Standard is primarily intended to apply to new parts, but can also be applied to parts currently in production. The Standard shall be applicable to all production processes that influence the variation of Key Characteristics. The variation control process begins with prod

17、uct definition, typically an engineering drawing or specification which identifies Key Characteristics and leads to a variation management program for those Key Characteristics. This process may also be used for Producer-identified Key Characteristics 1.2 Purpose This Aerospace Standard is designed

18、to drive the improvement of manufacturing processes through adequate planning and effective management of Key Characteristic variation. The Key Characteristic focus is intended to improve confidence for part features whose variation has a significant influence on end- product form, fit, performance,

19、 service life and manufacturability. 1.3 Convention The following conventions are used in this standard: The words shall, will or must indicate mandatory requirements. The word “should“ indicates a requirement with some flexibility allowed in compliance methodology. Producers choosing other methods

20、to satisfy a “should“ must be able to show that their approach meets the intent of the requirements of this standard. Words “typical“, “example“, “for reference“ or “e.g.“ indicate suggestions given for guidance only. “Notes“ are used for additional clarifications. Words or phrases with specific mea

21、ning pertaining to this document are capitalized and defined in Section 3, Definitions. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 5 prEN 9103: 2001 2 Refe re n ces EN 9100: 2001 EN 9102: 2001 Aerospace series - Quality manage

22、ment systems - Requirements Aerospace series - Quality Systems - First article inspection 3 Definitions 3.1 Key characteristic (KC) EN 9100 definition: The features of a material or part whose variation has a significant infi uence on product fit, performance, service life, or manufacturability. Thi

23、s definition is further explained as follows: Key Characteristics for a part, subassembly or system are those selected geometrical, material properties, functional and/or cosmetic features, which are measurable, whose variation control is necessary in meeting Customer requirements and enhancing Cust

24、omer Satisfaction. Key Characteristics for a process are those selected measurable parameters of a process whose control is essential to manage variation of part or system Key Characteristics. Substitute Key Characteristics may be identified when a Customer-defined Key Characteristic is not readily

25、measurable within the production setting and other characteristics may need to be controlled to ensure conformance. 3.2 Producer An organization that performs any process affecting the manufacture of the part. 3.3 Customer The organization which provides Part or System Key Characteristics via engine

26、ering drawings, specifications or purchase orderkontract requirements. For example, a Customer may be an internal engineering department for a company which has design authority, in addition to the external Customer who specifies system Key Characteristics. 3.4 Key Characteristic Owner Key character

27、istic owner is the person or function who defines the Key Characteristics and recognizes the reasons for the selection of the Key Characteristic. Typically, these responsibilities are held by Internal or External Customer Design, Quality or Manufacturing Engineering, and should be identified by a cr

28、oss- functional team. 3.5 Key Characteristic Process Owner The Key characteristic Process Owner is the person or function who uses Key Characteristic data to maintain and improve the process. 3.6 Process Control Document (PCD) A Process Control Document (PCD) is a written description of manufacturin

29、g plan developed to control variation in Key Characteristics. It is a living document and is updated to reflect the addition/deletion of Key Characteristics. 3.7 Special Cause The term “special cause“ in this standard can be substituted by “assignable cause“. These terms have their usual meanings re

30、lative to Statistical Process Control methodology. COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 6 prEN 9103: 2001 4 This Aerospace Standard applies to assemblies and all levels of parts within an assembly, including castings and

31、 forgings, and to organizations that are responsible for producing the design characteristics of the product. Producers and their Subcontractors shall be responsible for flow down of the requirements of the applicable revision of this Aerospace Standard to Subcontractors who produce design character

32、istics, and for ensuring that Key Characteristics conform to Customer requirements. Ap pl i ca bi I ity 5 General requirements Section 5 provides the following general requirements which must be met regardless of the variation management methodology applied. 5.1 Variation management activities must

33、be performed on identified Key Characteristics and processes until they are in control and the required Customer process capability has been established. Appropriate monitoring methodology should then be implemented to ensure continued performance. 5.2 The Producer shall maintain appropriate documen

34、tation of Key Characteristics and manufacturing process elements that influence variation in Key Characteristics as well as their control techniques and measurement methods. This documentation shall be developed when any of the following occurs: a) Customer defines a Key Characteristic or a key proc

35、ess parameter. b) Lower level or Substitute Key Characteristics are required to control variation of higher level Key Characteristics. c) Analysis performed as part of a process improvement activity to meet quality objectives required by EN 9100 results in the identification of a key characteristic

36、or process. Process Control Document (PCD) shown in Appendix 2 is one acceptable method of documentation. NOTE 1 5.3 following requirements must be met: If statistical process control is chosen as the method of control for the Key Characteristic, the a) Process capability shall be established fcx Ke

37、y Characteristics, The process capability index (e.g., Cp and Cpk) shall be calculated only when the process is shown to be stable and in statistical control, using sound statistical methods and/or appropriate control charts. b) The process shall be capable, with Cpk 1.33, or as specified by the Cus

38、tomer. NOTE 2 A Key Characteristic is considered capable if its Cpk exceeds 1.33. Other comparable measures of process capability may be used. If the process does not meet capability requirements, the Producer may have several options as described in this section. c) When similar Key Characteristics

39、 from different products are combined on the same control chart (a part or product family, or process output control approach), the characteristics shall have similar variability and be traceable to the specific part or product. d) If process capability is used to justiv reduced frequency of inspect

40、ion, the process capability or equivalent fallout rate shall be calculated using industry standard statistical methods. e) Processes that cease to be in control andlor capable and the product feature is under a reduced inspection plan, normal end-item inspection shall resume for acceptance of the pr

41、oduct feature until the cause has been identified, corrected and process capability and control are re-established. 5.4 Other variation control methods such as tooling, control of process settings, standard processes and mistake proofing may be used to ensure process stability and capability. Howeve

42、r, measurable evidence must demonstrate that the controls are effective. 5.5 characteristics, specifications and other customer requirements and/or invoked standards. 5.6 subcontractor(s) to the extent necessary to ensure compliance to the requirements of this standard. 5.7 reauire customer amroval.

43、 Focusing on Key Characteristics does not relieve the Producer from meeting all drawing The Producer shall be responsible for flow-down of the requirements of this document to Requirements of section 5. These exceptions must be documented by the Producer and may . COPYRIGHT Association Europeene Des

44、 Constructeurs de Materiel AerospaceLicensed by Information Handling ServicesPage 7 prEN 9103: 2001 (operate, re-design, and improve) - 6 Process model Section 6 describes a model that may be used in fulfilling the requirements of this Standard and is presented for illustration and clarity. The mode

45、l consists of several stages, starting with the definition of Key Characteristics and ending with the monitoring of product manufacturing process performance. Other methods or processes may be employed to achieve compliance. The Producer in either case must show that compliance with the requirements

46、 in section 5 has been achieved and the method by which compliance was obtained. Stages Understand Key Characteristics and . Required Performance Stage I Stage2 I Plan a Manufacturing Process that will produce acceptable performance Stage 3 Operate the Process to i Generate Data Stage 4 Analyze Data

47、 to Identify Appropriate Action stage5 I I / i Stage 7 V I Process Change e Insights Review of Key Characteristics should be through a cross- functional team, and encompass product, process and Customer requirements in the consideration of a suitable manufacturing method. Sy consideration of the Key

48、 Characteristics, a process must be designed to be capable of meeting todays needs and future aspirations. Without this foresight, the level of variation inherent in the process design may become a limiting factor to meeting Customer expectations and the cost efficient operation of that process. Ope

49、rate the process ensuring the data collection method has been planned to provide process parameters and resulting product variation relevant to the Key Characteristics. Without careful consideration of the process variation at this stage, later analysis of data could miss vital information as to the real process performance. Skilled interpretation of the data will provide evidence of the process performance and therefore, product variation. Informed decisions based on objective information can help to prevent surprises in the hands of the manufacturer, and more imp