AECMA PREN 2004-1-1994 Aerospace Series Test Methods for Aluminium and Aluminium Alloy Products Part 1 - Determination of Electrical Conductivity of Wrought Aluminium and Aluminium.pdf

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1、Document 94/71 0730 D 94 250 Ez%Xm2*FrnA Latest date for receipt of comments 31 Oct 94 ACE/24 Our ref rn 9 September 1994 Technical Committee ACE/24 Date Wrought and cast aluminium and magnesium alloys for aerospace _ DRAFT EUROPEAN STANDARD - AEROSPACE SERIES TEST METHODS FOR ALUMINIUPI AND ALUMINI

2、UM ALLOY PRODUCTS PART 1 : DETERMINATION OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY OF WEOUGKT ALUMINIUM AND ALUMINIUM ALLOYS (EM 2004-1 ) I This draft is now available for public comment and your views and technical comments on it would be appreciated. If you have no specific comments to make but find it generally

3、 acceptable it would be helpful if you would notify us accordingly Suggestions entailing revision of the text should indicate the preferred wording. Please quote the relevant clause number against any comment. The co-ordination of the requirements of this draft with those of any related standards is

4、 of particular importance and you are invited to point out any areas where this may be necessav. Ml comments should be cent to the Comniittee Secretary at the London/RQXE no acknowledgement will normally be sent. A E BANYARD Requests for further copies of this draft should be sent to: Sales Administ

5、ration (Drafts), BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes MK14 6LE. Fax 0908 320856, Telex 825777 BSIMK G. Non-members should send a remittance of Orders not accompanied by a remittance will be subject to a delay a to Subscribing Membe , who will be invoiced, i 5 e O O together with an addressed label. THIS

6、 IS A DRAFT AND MUST NOT BE REGARDED OR USED AS A BRITISH STANDARD Head office Manchester onice 2 Park Street, London W1A 2BS Telephone 071-629 9000 Telex 266933 BSILON G Fax 071-629 0506 3 York Street, Manchester M2 2AT Telephone 061-832 3731 Telex 662969 BSIMAN G Fax 061-835 2895 825777 BSIMK G Sa

7、les &Accounts 94/71 0730DC Foriii 36 Pan i 9307 Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BSI COMMIITTEES TO WHOSE MEMBERS THIS DRAFT HAS ALSO BE

8、EN SENT STANDARDS COMMITTEE TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ACE/56 TESTING OF AEROSPACE METALLIC MATERIALS TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ACE/24 WROUGHT AND CAST AUII AND MAGNESIUM ALLOYS FOR AEROSPACE . CONSTITUTION ORGANIZATIONS REPRESENTED - . ALUMINIUM FEDERATION ALUMINIUM STOCKHOLDERS ASSOCIATION ASSOCIATION OF LIGHT

9、 ALLOY REFINERS LIMITED BRITISH FORGING INDUSTRY ASSOCIATION BRITISH INDUSTRIAL FASTENERS FEDERATION BRITISH INVESTMENT CASTING TRADE ASSOCIATION INSTITUTE OF BRITISH FOUNDRYMEN LIGHT METAL FOUNDERS ASSOCIATION MAGNESIUM INDUSTRY COUNCIL MINISTRY OF DEFENCE NATIONAL CENTRE OF TRIBOLOGY SOCIETY OF BR

10、ITISH AEROSPACE COMPANIES LIMITED - A2 - 94/710730 Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-A.E.C.M.A. AA M A.E.C.M.A. A.E.C.M.A. NORM EN 2004 P

11、art I Issue a August 1994 English version r series s for aluminium and umjnim aIloy p Part 1 : aio of electrical condi of wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduc

12、tion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 2 EN 2004-4 : I994 1 2 3 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 5 5” 4 5.2 6 9 8 9 Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without

13、 license from IHS-,-,-Page 3 EN 2004-4 : 19% I 68 EN 2004-7 Aerospace series - Test methods for aluminium and aluminium alloy products Part 9 : Reference blocks for the ibration of measuring equipment used in the derinajon of lra conductivity of rough aiminium and aluinim alloys For the purpose of t

14、his standard, the definiions of master reference standards, secondary reference blocks and oeraing reference blocks given in EN 2004-7 apply. A comparison method using eddy current electrical conductivity measuring equipment calibrated against operating reference blocks of known conductivity. Chemic

15、al composition and metallugal structure of the material have an influence on its electrical conductivity which can in turn be used to identify variations in material properties. Electrical cnductiviy measurement is primarily used to : - assess batch homogeneity of heat-treated material, - check heat

16、 treatment tempers in conjunction wifh hardness testing, - assess the corrosion resistance of some materials, specially heat-treated to improve their corrosion resistance (e.g. 7000 series alloys in T7 type conditions). It may occasionally be used to assess variations in cladding thickness, or the d

17、egree o possible damage caused by overheating during machining. However, these occasional applications are not covered by this standard. 4.3 Electrical ondcjy units The SI unit for electrical conductivity is the siemens per metre (Shn), bu for aluminium and aluminium alloys results are normally expr

18、essed in megasiemens per metre (MS/m). Electrical conductivity can also be expressed as a percentage of the conductivity of the International Annealed Copper Standard (IACS). The conductivity of the International Annealed Copper Standard (.e. 1 O0 Yo IACS) is defined to be 58 MS/m at 20C. Conversion

19、 from IACS to MS/m is achieved using the following formuia : value in MSIm = value in Yo IACS X 0,58 In preparation at the date of publication o this standard. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduct

20、ion or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Since the electrical coduvy varies with eefatufe, ii is essential that praons be taken !o ensure %Piat the standards and test object are at the same emeraufe before making any asufets It is 10 be noted that, for heat treated nu asloys, a 1 the

21、 test object temperature would induce a decrease of its electrical onduivj by apoimaely 0,06 MSfm (of Q,4 % iACS). inrease from 20C of istanee een mi1 and test ob surface i-O can eause arge changes in the ppara%$ output signal, depending upon the aiular apparatus used. Testing should not be peofd lo

22、o close 10 any isconRuc in the material such as edges, holes, noaches, etc. The inm acceptable distance between the edge of the probe and any such $oRy depends upn %he apparatus used. It should be efn epefienaly of by reference to the apparatus docuaion Eddy arrent ery in the material dwcreasec ex n

23、eialy with depth, The Standard Depth eReraon 6, (depth al which the density is 34 % of its suoiace value) is given by the Qilo formula : where : 6 = Standard Depah Penetration in mm, I = test frequency in kHn, y = electrical conductivity in MS/m. If the thickness is larger than 2,6 6 this effect bee

24、smes negligible. EXAMPLES : For a sample with an electrical conductivity o 610 MSlm - if f = 2 kHz then 6 = 2-5 mm and 2,6 6 = 65 mrn if = 20 kHz then 6 = 0,80 rnm and 2,6 6 = 2, rnm if I = 60 kHz then 6 = 0,46 mm and 2,6 6 = 4,2 rnrn - if = 800 kHz then 6 = Q,3 rnm and 26 6 = O,% rnm 5.4 Products w

25、ith a thickness less than I ,6 rnm Testing of producls wifh a Ihickness less than 4,6 rnm shall only be required if agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer, who shall jointly agree the corrections and acceptance conditions lo be applied during the testing of these products. 5.2 Surface-coa

26、ted products Surface-coated products shailnot be tested unless the coating is insulating and less than 0,015 rnrn Thick. Under normal testing conditions the iniluence of such coating would be less ahan 0.2 MS/m. Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IH

27、S under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 5 EN 2004-1 : 1994 &I Eddy current conduvy meters are commonly available in a range from 2 kHz to 800 kHm. However, when absolute nducivt values are required, a ruency in a range from 20

28、 kHz 10 180 ewen measurens carried out at eren locations, with different aparau, etc. mmendesf. ?his is the range most commonly us in order !O facilitate comparison .2 The eddy crren cQndvy meter shall be auch that readings can be made to at least 0,1 Mslm 7.1 conditions of uniform ambient temperatu

29、re, and lhe product io be tested shall be as near as possible 10 this temperatur,e, in any case within f 2,O “6c (see 4.4.1). The eddy current onduiviy meler, probe and operain reference blocks shall be used in NI reference blocks shall be placed in the immediate vicinity, and if possible in contact

30、, with the product to be tested, for a period of time sufficient to reach a uniform temperature. 7.2 user. but %he frequency most mmonly used is 60 kHz (see 6.4). The operating frequency of the eddy current conucivi meter shall be at the discretion of the For unclad products with a thickness a betwe

31、en ,6 mm and 2,1 mm the frequency used shall be such that the calculated eddy current penetration depth does not exceed the thickness of the product (see 4.44, Le. : 4712 f2- a2 Y where : f = test frequency in ktlz, y = electrical conduciviy in MSm, a = thickness of product in mm. 7.3 operating refe

32、rence blocks. The following method shall be used : The eddy currenl conductivity meter shall be calibrated prior to use against the appropriate - turn the eddy current conductivi%y meter on and allow to stabilize according to manufacturers instructions. - prepare the instrument for measurement accor

33、ding to the manufacturers instructions, - select the three appropriate operating reference blocks spanning the range to be tested, instruments with two calibration adjustments shall be adjusted so that the reading matches the conductivity values of the operating reference blocks at both ends of the

34、range to be tested. Use the medium operating reference block to check the linearity of the instrument. Maching shall be achieved lo i 0.2 MS/m. - when only one adjustment is available on lhe instrument, calibration shall be carried out first by adjustment at one end of the range to be tested and the

35、n by further adjustment, if required, using the operating reference block al the other end of the range. If the instrument requires adjustment when the probe is placed on the second operating block then the conductivity of the firsf operating reference block must be rechecked. To minimise any test e

36、rror final adjustment shall be carried out on the operating reference block having a conductivity closest to the conductivity of the material io be tested. After final adjustment the conductivity of both operatring refenece blocks shall be displayed lo within i 0,3 MSim (5 0,5 IACS) Copyright Associ

37、ation Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-Page 6 EN 2884-1 : 49 alibaion shall be carried out in conditions representative of the actual measuring conditions : l

38、iti-off, surface roughness, etc. alibration shall be carried out at the beginning of the test pun and then verified at intewais not g two hours uin the run and any If duping any such verkafion a evaofl ex then the apparatus shall be re-alibrat be se-tested. ssary correaion applied. ,3 is obsewed at

39、either end of the range and all products tested since the previous verification shall .I Electrical cnuivy easuremn shail be carried out at a eperaur between 0 “C and 48 YA .2 During testing the edges of the test coil or probe shall be a% a sufficient distance from any edge or surlace discontinuity

40、(see 4.4.3). Tests shall not be made where component geometry may affect lhe reading. Unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and %he anuacure or required by the material standard, measurements on non fiat surfaces shall only be carried out on surfaces with a radius of cuwalure of at least 500

41、 mm if concave, and of at least 4 50 mm if convex. 8.4 easuremen shall be carried out on surfaces with a roughness Ra s 6,3 pm. For products with a roughness 6,3 pmt the area to be tested shall be refinished to Ra 5 63 pm. .%, A11 surfaces to be examined shall be clean and free from contaminating pr

42、oducts When local irregular variations in readings are obajned, this may be due 10 the presence of small surface or sub-surface flaws, or the result of machjnng damage. The surface may be lightly dressed in accordance with 8.4 to remove such flaws, and retested. B1 irregular readings are still obtai

43、ned afler surface dressing, they shall be stated in the test report with the remark atter dressing. Teat report The test reporl shall include the following : - reference to this standard, - reference of the inspected lot or batch, result of the electrical conductivity measurement in MC/m, - location

44、s where the measurements have been carried out if required by the lechnical specification, inspection schedule or drawing. - temperature of workpiece when tested Copyright Association Europeene des Constructeurs de Materiel Aerospatial Provided by IHS under license with AECMANot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-