ABS 224-2016 GUIDANCE NOTES ON EQUIPMENT CONDITION MONITORING TECHNIQUES.pdf
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1、 Guidance Notes on Equipment Condition Monitoring Techniques GUIDANCE NOTES ON EQUIPMENT CONDITION MONITORING TECHNIQUES APRIL 2016 American Bureau of Shipping Incorporated by Act of Legislature of the State of New York 1862 Copyright 2016 American Bureau of Shipping ABS Plaza 16855 Northchase Drive
2、 Houston, TX 77060 USA Foreword Foreword Since the late 1970s, marine and offshore operators have increasingly applied various proactive maintenance techniques to prevent failures before they occur, detect the onset of failures, or discover failures before they impact system performance. There have
3、been numerous advances in condition monitoring technology, trending, and increasingly more powerful planned maintenance software and machine diagnostics solutions as a result of increased computing power and networking. Beginning in 1978, ABS cooperated with Owners on developing and implementing pre
4、ventative maintenance programs incorporating condition monitoring techniques. In 1984, ABS issued its first Guide for Survey Based on Preventative Maintenance Techniques with subsequent updates in 1985, 1987, 1995, and then inclusion in the ABS Rules for Survey After Construction (Part 7) in mid-200
5、2. Since that date, updates have been made periodically with the most recent in the 2012 Rules. Machinery systems continued to become larger and more complex, requiring operators with more specialized knowledge of the machinery and systems onboard. Accordingly, ABS published the Guide for Survey Bas
6、ed on Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM Guide) in December 2003 to provide vessel and other marine installation owners, managers and operators with requirements for the development of a maintenance program using techniques successfully applied in other industries for machinery systems within a m
7、aintenance philosophy referred to as Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM). Subsequently, ABS published the Guidance Notes on Reliability-Centered Maintenance (RCM Guidance Notes) in July 2004 to provide supplementary information for the more effective application of the requirements of the RCM Gui
8、de. The RCM Guidance Notes provide information related to equipment failure, maintenance strategies, risk considerations, conducting and documenting an RCM analysis and sustaining an RCM program. The purpose of these Guidance Notes on Equipment Condition Monitoring Techniques is to provide a single
9、ABS document containing information related to the subject and to be used as a resource (supplement) for choosing appropriate condition monitoring techniques where referred to in Appendix 7-A-14 of the ABS Rules for Survey After Construction (Part 7) or the ABS Guide for Surveys Based on Machinery R
10、eliability and Maintenance Techniques. Topics addressed include a summary of condition-monitoring techniques used in the marine industry, guidance on the selection of an appropriate technique, measurement frequency, personnel skills, company resources, and risk assessment. Also available is an elect
11、ronic spreadsheet listing organized by the type and condition of the equipment being monitored. Through the application of condition-monitoring techniques, Owners/managers/operators should be able to expect improved equipment and system reliability onboard their vessels or other marine installations
12、. ABS recommends consideration is given to enrolling these vessels in either the Reliability-Centered Maintenance Program or the Preventative Maintenance Program to take advantage of the additional cost saving benefits for equipment maintenance together with receiving credit towards the ABS Continuo
13、us Survey Machinery. These Guidance Notes become effective on the first day of the month of publication. Users are advised to check periodically on the ABS website www.eagle.org to verify that this version of these Guidance Notes is the most current. We welcome your feedback. Comments or suggestions
14、 can be sent electronically by email to rsdeagle.org. Terms of Use The information presented herein is intended solely to assist the reader in the methodologies and/or techniques discussed. These Guidance Notes do not and cannot replace the analysis and/or advice of a qualified professional. It is t
15、he responsibility of the reader to perform their own assessment and obtain professional advice. Information contained herein is considered to be pertinent at the time of publication, but may be invalidated as a result of subsequent legislations, regulations, standards, methods, and/or more updated i
16、nformation and the reader assumes full responsibility for compliance. This publication may not be copied or redistributed in part or in whole without prior written consent from ABS. ii ABSGUIDANCE NOTES ON EQUIPMENT CONDITION MONITORING TECHNIQUES .2016 Table of Contents GUIDANCE NOTES ON EQUIPMENT
17、CONDITION MONITORING TECHNIQUES CONTENTS SECTION 1 General 1 1 Application 1 2 Objective . 1 3 Defining Condition-Monitoring Tasks 1 4 Definitions . 2 5 Machinery Condition Monitoring Techniques 5 TABLE 1 Machinery Condition Monitoring Applications . 6 SECTION 2 Equipment Failure 9 1 Introduction .
18、9 2 Equipment Failure . 9 3 Equipment Failure Rate and Patterns . 9 3.1 Failure Rate . 9 3.2 Failure Rate . 10 3.3 Conditional Probability Failure Rate 10 3.4 Equipment Failure Models and Failure Patterns 10 4 Failure Management Strategy 12 4.1 Proactive Maintenance Tasks . 12 4.2 Run-to-failure . 1
19、3 4.3 One-time Changes 13 4.4 Servicing and Routine Inspection 14 TABLE 1 Six Classic Failure Rate Patterns . 11 FIGURE 1 Equipment Life Periods . 11 SECTION 3 Condition-monitoring (Predictive) Maintenance . 15 1 Potential Failure (P-F) Diagram 15 2 Selection of Task Frequency 15 3 Condition-monitor
20、ing Maintenance Categories. 16 4 Condition-monitoring Maintenance Task Applicability and Effectiveness . 16 ABSGUIDANCE NOTES ON EQUIPMENT CONDITION MONITORING TECHNIQUES .2016 iii 5 Determining Condition-monitoring Maintenance Task Intervals . 17 5.1 Condition-monitoring Task Interval 17 5.2 Initia
21、l Condition-monitoring Task Intervals . 17 5.3 Improving the Understanding of P-F Intervals . 17 5.4 Additional Guidance . 17 6 Condition Monitoring Technician Skill Level . 18 7 Establishing Condition-monitoring Maintenance Task Action Limits . 18 FIGURE 1 P-F Diagram 15 SECTION 4 Temperature Measu
22、rements 19 1 Introduction . 19 2 Temperature Measurement Techniques . 19 2.1 Point Temperature Overview . 19 2.2 Installation Considerations . 19 2.3 Point Temperature Devices . 20 2.4 Infrared Thermography 22 TABLE 1 Comparison of Temperature Measurement Techniques 19 FIGURE 1 Infrared Thermograph
23、Coupler Alignment . 24 FIGURE 2 Infrared Thermograph Electric Motor Bearing . 24 FIGURE 3 Infrared Thermograph Hot Electric Motor 25 FIGURE 4 Infrared Thermograph Belts Slipping . 25 FIGURE 5 Infrared Thermograph Boiler Valve 26 FIGURE 6 Infrared Thermograph Boiler Refractory 26 FIGURE 7 Infrared Th
24、ermograph Heater Block 27 FIGURE 8 Infrared Thermograph Variable Speed Drive . 27 SECTION 5 Dynamic Monitoring . 28 1 Introduction . 28 1.1 Vibration Parameters . 28 1.2 Baseline Measurement 28 1.3 Measurement Data Collection . 30 1.4 Data Collection Equipment Calibration 30 1.5 Vibration and Balanc
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