BS ISO 6487-2015 en_6274 Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation《道路车辆 冲击试验用测量技术 仪器》.pdf

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1、BSI Standards Publication BS ISO 6487:2015 Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests InstrumentationBS ISO 6487:2015 BRITISH STANDARD National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 6487:2015. It supersedes BS ISO 6487:2012 which is withdrawn. The UK participation

2、in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AUE/7, Automobile occupant restraint systems. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are

3、responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015 ISBN 978 0 580 85564 1 ICS 43.020 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the authority of the

4、Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2015. Amendments issued since publication Date Text affectedBS ISO 6487:2015 ISO 2015 Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation Vhicules routiers Techniques de mesurage lors des essais de chocs Instrumentation INTERNATIONA

5、L STANDARD ISO 6487 Sixth edition 2015-08-01 Reference number ISO 6487:2015(E)BS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reserved COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in Switzerland All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced

6、 or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester. ISO

7、 copyright office Ch. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401 CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland Tel. +41 22 749 01 11 Fax +41 22 749 09 47 copyrightiso.org www.iso.orgBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E)Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references 1 3 T erms and definitions . 1 4 Performance requirem

8、ents . 3 4.1 CFC specifications and performance requirements 3 4.2 Phase delay time of a data channel 5 4.3 Time 6 4.3.1 Timebase 6 4.3.2 Relative time delay . 6 4.4 Transducer transverse sensitivity ratio of a rectilinear transducer . 6 4.5 Calibration 6 4.5.1 General 6 4.5.2 Accuracy of reference

9、equipment for calibration 6 4.5.3 Calibration procedures and uncertainties . 6 4.5.4 Sensitivity coefficient and nonlinearity . 7 4.5.5 Calibration of frequency response . 8 4.6 Environmental effects . 8 4.7 Choice and designation of data channel 8 4.8 Choice of reference coordinate system 8 4.9 Imp

10、act velocity measurement . 8 4.10 ATD temperature measurement 8 Annex A (informative) Ex ample of Butt erw orth four-pole phaseless digital filt er (including initial conditions treatment) algorithm 10 Annex B (informative) Recommendations for enabling requirements of this International Standard to

11、be met 14 Annex C (informative) Temperature measurements systems .16 Bibliography .17 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iii Contents PageBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E) Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) and IEC (the International Electrotechnical Commission) form the spec

12、ialized system for worldwide standardization. National bodies that are members of ISO or IEC participate in the development of International Standards through technical committees established by the respective organization to deal with particular fields of technical activity. ISO and IEC technical c

13、ommittees collaborate in fields of mutual interest. Other international organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO and IEC, also take part in the work. In the field of information technology, ISO and IEC have established a joint technical committee, ISO/IEC JTC 1. The proc

14、edures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of document should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial ru

15、les of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO and IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rig

16、hts identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents). Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement. For an ex

17、planation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information The committee responsible for this d

18、ocument is ISO/TC 22, Road vehicles, Subcommittee SC 36, Safety aspects and impact testing. This sixth edition cancels and replaces the fifth edition (ISO 6487:2012), which has been technically revised.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E) Introduction This International St

19、andard is the result of a willingness to harmonize the previous edition, ISO 6487:2012, and SAE Internationals Recommended Practice, SAE J211-1. It presents a series of performance requirements concerning the whole measurement sequence of impact shocks. These requirements may not be altered by the u

20、ser and all are obligatory for any agency conducting tests to this International Standard. However, the method of demonstrating compliance with them is flexible and can be adapted to suit the needs of the particular equipment used by a testing agency. This approach affects the interpretation of requ

21、irements. For example, there is a requirement to calibrate within the working range of the channel, i.e. between F Land F H /2,5. This cannot be interpreted literally, as low-frequency calibration of accelerometers requires large displacement inputs beyond the capacity of virtually any laboratory. I

22、t is not intended that each requirement be taken as necessitating proof by a single test. Rather, it is intended that any agency proposing to conduct tests to this International Standard guarantee that if a particular test could be and were to be carried out, then their equipment would meet the requ

23、irements. This proof would be based on reasonable deductions from existing data such as the results of partial tests. On the basis of studies carried out by technical experts, no significant difference has been identified between the characteristics of the load transducer when using static as oppose

24、d to dynamic calibration methods. This new edition helps to define the dynamic calibration method for force and moment data channels in accordance with the current knowledge base and studies available. The temperature of the anthropomorphic test device (ATD) used in a collision test needs to be moni

25、tored to confirm that it has been used within the acceptable temperature range prescribed for the whole ATD or body segment. The objective is to prevent temperature from being a variable that will influence the ATD response. The actual ATD temperature can be influenced by various factors including a

26、mbient air, high-speed photography lighting, sunshine, heat dissipation from transducers, and ATD in-board data acquisition systems. In order to respond to these objectives, the new edition specifies the performance requirements for the ATD temperature measurement. This International Standard define

27、s the requirements of an impact test for which the measurement uncertainties can only be partially calculated. To summarize, this International Standard enables users of impact test results to call up a set of relevant instrumentation requirements by merely specifying this International Standard. Th

28、eir test agency then has the primary responsibility for ensuring that the requirements of this International Standard are met by their instrumentation system. The evidence on which they have based this proof assessment will be available to the user upon request. In this way, fixed requirements guara

29、nteeing the suitability of the instrumentation for impact testing can be combined with flexible methods of demonstrating compliance with those requirements. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 6487:2015BS ISO 6487:2015Road vehicles Measurement techniques in impact tests Instrumentation 1 Scope This

30、 International Standard gives requirements and recommendations for measurement techniques involving the instrumentation used in impact tests carried out on road vehicles. Its requirements are aimed at facilitating comparisons between results obtained by different testing laboratories, while its reco

31、mmendations will assist such laboratories in meeting those requirements. It is applicable to instrumentation including that used in the impact testing of vehicle subassemblies. It does not include optical methods which are the subject of ISO 8721. 2 Normative references The following documents, in w

32、hole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2041, Mechanical vibration, shoc

33、k and condition monitoring Vocabulary ISO 3784, Road vehicles Measurement of impact velocity in collision tests ISO 4130, Road vehicles Three-dimensional reference system and fiducial marks Definitions ISO/TR 27957, Road vehicles Temperature measurement in anthropomorphic test devices Definition of

34、the temperature sensor locations SAE J211-1, Instrumentation for impact test Part 1: Electronic instrumentation 3 T erms a nd definiti ons For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions given in ISO 2041 and the following apply. 3.1 data channel all the instrumentation from,

35、and including a single transducer (or multiple transducers, the outputs of which are combined in some specified way), to, and including any analysis procedures that may alter the frequency content or the amplitude content of data 3.2 transducer first device in a data channel (3.1) used to convert a

36、physical quantity to be measured into a second quantity (such as an electrical voltage) which can be processed by the remainder of the channel 3.3 channel amplitude class CAC designation for a data channel (3.1) that meets certain amplitude characteristics as specified by this International Standard

37、 Note 1 to entry: The CAC number is numerically equal to the upper limit of the measurement range which is equivalent to data channel full scale. INTERNATIONAL ST ANDARD ISO 6487:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E) 3.4 channel frequency class CFC frequency class de

38、signated by a number indicating that the channel frequency response lies within certain limits Note 1 to entry: CFC XXX defines the frequency class with XXX = Frequency, F H , in hertz. 3.5 calibration value mean value measured and read during calibration of a data channel (3.1) 3.6 sensitivity rati

39、o of the output signal (in equivalent physical units) to the input signal (physical excitation) when an excitation is applied to the transducer (3.2) EXAMPLE 10,24 mV/g/V for a strain gauge accelerometer. 3.7 s en s it i v it y c o ef f i c i en t slope of the straight line representing the best fit

40、 to the calibration values (3.5) determined by the method of least squares within the channel amplitude class (CAC) (3.3) Note 1 to entry: Specific sensors such as seat belt sensors, torque sensors, and multi-axial force sensors may require a specific calibration procedure. 3.8 calibration factor of

41、 a data channel arithmetic mean of the sensitivity coefficients (3.7) evaluated over frequencies evenly spaced on a logarithmic scale between F Land F H /2,5 Note 1 to entry: See Figure 2 and Figure 3. 3.9 non-linearity ratio of the maximum difference (D max ) between the calibration value (3.5) and

42、 the value read from the best approximation of calibration values (3.5) expressed as a percentage of the channel amplitude class (CAC) (3.3) Note 1 to entry: See Figure 1 and 4.5.4.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E) D max CAC 2 1 Key 1 input signal 2 output signal NOTE No

43、n-linearity = D max /CAC * 100. Figure 1 Non-linearity 3.10 transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer sensitivity (3.6) to excitation in a nominal direction perpendicular to its sensitive axis Note 1 to entry: The transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer is usually a function of t

44、he nominal direction of the axis chosen. Note 2 to entry: The cross sensitivity of force and bending moment transducers is complicated by the complexity of loading cases. At time of publication, this situation had yet to be resolved. 3.11 transverse sensitivity ratio of a rectilinear transducer rati

45、o of the transverse sensitivity of a rectilinear transducer (3.10) to its sensitivity along its sensitive axis Note 1 to entry: The cross-sensitivity of force and bending moment transducers is complicated by the complexity of loading cases. At time of publication, this situation had yet to be resolv

46、ed. 3.12 phase delay time of a data channel time equal to the phase delay, expressed in radians, of a sinusoidal signal divided by the angular frequency of that signal and expressed in radians per second 3.13 environment aggregate at a given moment of all external conditions and influences to which

47、the data channel (3.1) is subject 4 Performance requirements 4.1 CF C specifications and performanc e r equi r ements The absolute value of the non-linearity of a data channel at any frequency (except if data channel is calibrated against only one point) in the channel frequency class (CFC) shall be

48、 less than or equal to 2,5 % of the value of the CAC over the whole measurement range. The frequency response of a data channel shall lie within the limiting curves given in Table 1 and Figure 2 for CFC 1 000 and CFC 600. For CFC 60 and CFC 180, the frequency response of a data channel ISO 2015 All

49、rights reserved 3BS ISO 6487:2015ISO 6487:2015(E) shall lie within the limiting curves given in Table 2 and Figure 3. The zero decibels line is defined by the calibration factor. NOTE For CFC 180 and CFC 60, the filtering algorithm given in Annex A addresses this requirement. Table 1 Logarithmic scales for CFC 1 000 and CFC 600 Attenuations (dB) Frequency (Hz) F Z Upper Lower CFC 600 CFC 1000 F L +0,5 0,5 0,1 0,1 F H +0,5 1,0 600 1 000 F N +0,5 4,0 1 000 1 650 2*F H +0,5 1 200 2 000 F G 30,0 2 119 3 496 F J 40,0 -