2018年苏北四市高三第一次调研考试英语及答案解析.docx

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1、2018年苏北四市高三第一次调研考试英语第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）（略）第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.Theideaofgreenpackaginghasreceivedwide_sincethegovernmentannouncedspecificgoalstogreenthedeliveryindustry.A.currencyB.creativityC.cooperationD.criterion 解析：此题考查名词辨析。Curr

2、ency流通、流行，creativity创造，cooperation合作配合，criterion(批评判断的)标准、准则。故选A。答案：A2.Willyoutakeoveratthenextservicearea?Iwantashortrest.Sure.You_foroverfourhoursbythen.A.havedrivenB.havebeendrivingC.willbedrivingD.willhavebeendriving解析：此题考查时态。意为“到那时你将已经驾驶超过4小时”，发生在将来故将来时，“foroverfourhours”表示一段时间，故完成时，选D。答案：D 3.S

3、aveyourapologyfor_youreallymakeeverythingamess.A.unlessB.onceC.whenD.though解析：此题考查名词性从句。句意为“把你的道歉节省到你真的搞砸了一切的时候。”故选C。答案：C4. Big data is the driving force behind this zones development, a steady stream of new bigdataconstructionprojectsconstantly_.A.beingintroducedB.introducing C.havingintroducedD.to

4、beintroduced解析：此题考查时态与语态。前句中已有谓语动词，中间为逗号，后句不可有谓语动词。后句中主语与动词为被动关系，且根据句意时态为现在时，故选A。 答案：A5. The year-end season is the best time not just to reflect on your personal achievements butalsoto_thelessonsyoumissed.A.liveuptoB.splitofffromC.pushaheadwithD.catchupon解析：此题考查动词词组。“期末不仅是反应你个人成绩的最好时间，也还是你弥补遗漏课程的最佳

5、时机。”liveupto做到，splitofffrom从分离，pushaheadwith促进推动，catchupon赶完，补做。故选D答案：D 6. Feng Xiaogangs latest film Youth, now a box office hit, _ scheduled for releaseonSept29,washeldbackfortwomonths.A.casuallyB.originallyC.temporarilyD.eventually解析：此题考查副词词义，casually随意地，originally最初本来，temporarily暂时地，eventually终于

6、，最后。本句句意为冯小刚最新的电影芳华，本来计划于9.29上映，推迟了两个月。故选B答案：B7. China has been working to _ the legal landscape for autonomous vehicles, whichareonahighwaytocommercialavailability. A.clarifyB.accelerateC.transmitD.preserve解析：此题考查动词词义。clarify澄清，说清楚，accelerate加快，transmit,传送、传输、发射，preserve保存、保护。句意为“中国目前正在致力于使只能交通工具合法

7、的现景更为清楚”。故选A此句摘自2018年1月份的ChinaDailyBusiness版。答案：A8. Several melon stalls were below the window and above them _ with a big clockontopofit.A.wastheTelecomTowerB.weretheTelecomTower C.theTelecomTowerwasD.theTelecomTowerwere解析：此题考查表语倒装句。还原出来应该是thetelecomtowerwasabovethem所以选A。答案：A 9.Thestaffwere_whenthe

8、companyannouncedafatbonusforeveryone.A.intheredB.aswhiteasasheetC.tickledpinkD.intheblack解析：此题考查词组。Inthered亏空，赤字，aswhiteasasheet(脸色)苍白，tickledpink十分乐意的，intheblack盈利。句意为“当公司宣布发给每个人丰厚的奖金，工作人员们都十分乐意。”故选C答案：C10. During the Singles Day in 2017, the sales of Chinese e-commerce giants suchas Alibabaoutnumb

9、ered_ofBlackFridayandCyberMondayintheUS.A.that B.thoseC.thisD.it解析：此题考查代词。根据句意“2017年的光棍节，中国巨型电商比如阿里巴巴在销售数量上超过了美国的黑色星期五与其之后的周一购物节。”those指代前句中的thesalesof.故选B答案：B11. I _ my luggage in a locker at the station, saving the trouble of dragging it aroundwhenshopping.A.drainedB.depositedC.distributed D.deliv

10、ered解析：此题考查动词词义。drain排出、排干、耗尽，deposit存款、寄存，distribute分配，deliver运送。根据句意“我把行李箱寄存在车站的柜子里，免去了带着它购物的麻烦。”选B答案：B12. _ the fact that your payment misses the deadline, youll have to pay a fineaccordingtothecontract.A.InpossessionofB.InspiteofC.IncaseofD.Inviewof解析：此题考查介词词组。inpossessionof控制、拥有，inspiteof即使，inc

11、aseof以 防Inviewof鉴于。根据句意“鉴于你的支付逾期，根据合同你不得不交罚款。”故选D答案：D 13. In western countries, only the completely innocent or the determinedly blind couldbelievethatanygovernmentactivityneartoelectiontime_electoralimplications.A.hasnthadB.didnthaveC.doesnthaveD.hadnthad解析：此题考查时态。根据句意“在西方国家，只有单纯的孩子与完全的瞎子才会相信政府在临近大

12、选的时期的活动没有卷入选举的意义。”相信的内容作为陈述的一个事实、道理，使用一般现在时，故选C答案：C14.Ihadmycomputerstoleninmyoffice,butluckilythepolicegotitbacktome.Howunbelievable!Thethief_it. A.needhavesoldB.mighthavesoldC.shouldhavesoldD.musthavesold解析：此题考查虚拟语气。根据句意“我的电脑在办公室被偷了，但幸运的是警察拿到后带给了我。难以置信！小偷本可以卖掉它。”mighthave在句中表示过去本应该发生但实际上并没有发生的事。故选

13、B答案：B15.MycolleagueisalwaystryingtopersuademetobuygoodsIdislikeatYunJiAPP.Soundsterrible.Imean,_.A.lifeisahorse,andeitheryourideitoritridesyouB.thecarwillfinditswayroundthehillwhenitgetsthere C.takecareofthepence,andthepoundswilltakecareofthemselvesD.youmaytakeahorsetothewater,butyoucannotmakehimdri

14、nk解析：此题考查谚语俗语。A句意为人生就像一匹马，你不驾驭它它就会驾驭你；B车到山前必有路；C小事留意大事顺利；D河边牵马易，逼其饮水难。根据句意“我的同事总是试着引导我在这软件上买我不喜欢的东西。听起来很可怕，我觉得强扭的瓜不甜。”答案：D第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。My mother has always been involved in early-childhood education. She often set the sceneforchildrento 16 thejoyof

15、physicalactivity,gettingthemexcitedand 17 tolearn.MumwassoproudofmeafterI 18 thetriathlonatthe2000Olympics,butbefore the dust 19 , she grabbed me, saying: “Now this is your 20 . Use it.” Shewasnt speaking froman economicpoint of view but talking aboutthe 21 ofmy beingarolemodel,encouragingkidsto 22

16、theirdreams. Since the Olympics, I have 23 more than 100 schools. I talk to the kids about“living a life less 24 ,” a concept passed on to me by my parentsthe idea of 25beingaverage.Itellthemthatwhatyoubelieve,youwill 26 .As I was a kid, my mother came to every 27 not to pressure me but to 28me. One

17、 of my favorite sports-related memories was when I was 29 in the CanadianTriathlonChampionships.AsIranbyabigtruck,Isawmymother 30 ontopofoneofits huge wheels, cheeringfor me. Ifind it sadwhen peoplesaytheir parents have never seen them31 .When I was at the University, I completed only one semester a

18、nd then decided to 32so I could race professionally full-time. Mum was the first person I called. It was a 33moment.Iwasntsurehowshewouldreact.“Mum,Ihavethisopportunity,andIthinkImgoingtotakeit.Whatdoyouthink?”She was as 34 as ever. It turned out to bea good 35 . Supporting your children, trusting t

19、heir decisions, giving well-thought-out advicethose are definitely importantqualities.16.A.experienceB.evaluateC.expressD.expect17.A.afraidB.readyC.relaxedD.reluctant18. A.wonB.choseC.playedD.watched19.A.roseB.settledC.flewD.appeared20.A.luckB.timeC.crossroad D.opportunity21.A.demandB.happinessC.cou

20、rage D.importance22.A.displayB.followC.appreciateD.abandon23.A.servedB.attendedC.visitedD.started24.A.energetic B.colorfulC.miserableD.ordinary25.A.neverB.alwaysC.seldomD.usually26.A.neglectB.achieveC.suspectD.assume 27.A.practiceB.schoolC.gameD.kindergarten28.A.supportB.rewardC.instructD.comfort29.

21、A.surfingB.jumping C.joggingD.running30.A.sittingB.speaking C.standingD.performing31.A.competeB.succeedC.separateD.compromise32.A.dropinB.dropoffC.dropoutD.dropback33. A.magicB.nervousC.criticalD.serious34.A.attractiveB.talkativeC.imaginativeD.supportive35.A.considerationB.intentionC.suggestion D.de

22、cision解析：16.“使孩子体会活动的乐趣”，experience指体验、经历。17.readytolearn准备好学习，A.恐惧D.不情愿地，与上文妈妈营造的学习氛围相矛盾，C.放松地，与原文相关性小。18.“赢得了2000年三项全能运动的比赛”，赢得比赛使母亲骄傲，故选A。19.dustsettle，待形势明朗，尘埃落定，文中指成绩公布之前。20.“这是你的机会，好好利用”luck幸运不合题意，crossroad十字路口，并非作抉择，不合题意，time时间，不合题意。21.“谈论我成为一个榜样人物的重要性”，其余选项不符合文意。22.followtheirdreams追寻他们的梦想。2

23、3.根据下文“Itoldthekids”可知“我”参观走访了100多所学校。24.ordinary平凡普通。“livingalifelessordinary”意为拒绝平庸的生活。25.Theideaofneverbeingaverage，与上文的拒绝平庸相对应，意为“永不甘于平凡”。 26.“我告诉他们相信什么，就会得到什么。”27.Game比赛，后文intheCanadianTriathlonChampionships可以看出。28.Support支持，后文cheeringforme可以看出。29.后文asIranbyabigtruck可以看出。 30.我看到我妈妈站在大卡车上面（这里表示顺

24、着车轮胎看到了我妈妈），为我加油！站在用stand。pete比赛，“当人们说他们的父母从不看他们的比赛我觉得这很难过。”32.后文soIcouldraceprofessionallyfulltime可以看出，我为了有足够的专业训练时间想要退学dropout。33.nervous令人感到焦虑的，Iwasntsurehowshewouldreact我不知道她会作何反应，所以有些忧虑。34.supportive支持的。母亲像往常一样支持我。综合上文可以看出一直以来母亲都支持着我的训练与比赛。35.“it turn out to be a good decision”这是一个很好的决定。后文“supp

25、orting yourchildren”以及上文中母亲的支持可以体现，支持自己的孩子是一个很棒的决定。答案：16-20ABABD 21-25DBCDA 26-30BCADC 31-35ACBDD 第三部分：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分）请认真阅读下列短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AThe Chocolate MuseumThe story of chocolate through the agesExperiencechocolate-makingfromcocoabeantochocolatebarEnjoythesmell,tasteand

26、textureoffreshlymadechocolateOpeninghoursTuesFri 10amto6pmSatB项错误，与文中内容无关；C项错误，第二段“Ourcultureisobsessedwithhappiness.”可知，happiness占价值观的一部分，但是并不是核心；D项正确，由“Everyonesaidthepathtohappinesswassuccess.”“Ourcultureisobsessedwithhappiness.”可知，s现在大多数人都在追求happiness。答案：D39.Fromthefourpillarsofameaningfullife,w

27、ecanknowthat_.A.nothingisasessentialasourceofmeaningasbelongingB.purposeislessaboutwhatyouwantthanwhatyougiveC.transcendentfadeseasilyandrarelymakesuscheerfulD.thewayoftellingstoriesguaranteesameaningfullife解析：细节题，A项错误，由第四五两段可知，许多人觉得归属感最重要，另一些人觉得目的更重要，所以A项不够全面；B项正确，由第四段倒数第二句和倒数第一句可知， 最重要的目的就是要服务他人，所

28、以purpose主要在于你的奉献；C项makesuscheerful不准确；D项错误，没有说明到底用什么方式，用guarantee不准确。答案：B40.Thepassageaimstotellusthat_.A.meaningismoreimportantthanhappiness B.seekingmeaningdoesmoregoodthanbadC.chasinghappinesscanmakepeopleunhappyD.meaninghasdeeperpsychologicalsignificance解析：写作目的题，首先，文章的主题讲的就是meaning，C项没有提到meaning

29、，所以把C项排除。D项指meaning有更深的心理上的重要性，这不是文章的重点。文章从一开始作者就结合自身经历，讲了自己从追求happiness，然后幡然醒悟去追求meaning的事，所以应该是meaning比happiness更重要，选A。答案：A C In 2015 a paper published in a science magazine reported on the personality types of peopleliving in various London districts. Extroverts (外向的人), the researchers who wrote

30、it haddiscovered, favored Richmond. Those who were most open to experience gathered in Hackney.PeopleinBarnetscoredlowerthanaverageonemotionalstability.What this studydid notaddresswas whethersomeoneshome range reflects their personalitytraitsorimposesthem.Inotherwords,iswhatisgoingon“nature”or“nurt

31、ure”(培育)?However,in a piece of research just published, Dr. Holtmann of Otago University, in New Zealand, and hiscolleagueshavefilledthatgapatleast,theyhavefilleditfordunnocks.The dunnock is a European bird. It has, though, been introduced to New Zealand and itspopulation has boomed there. It is a w

32、ell-studied species, and, in particular, some beingmeasurably bolder (更大胆的) and more tolerant of potential threats, such as nearby humanbeings, than others. The teams research area was the Botanic Garden in Dunedin. This is open tothe public, but some areas are more frequented by visitors than other

33、s. Dunnocks have small territories,soitwaspossibletomeasuretheamountofhumandisturbanceinagiventerritorywithreasonable precision. And, by wrapping each of the dunnocks in the garden with colour-codedbands it was possible to identify individuals by sight. Altogether, the researchers looked at 99 ofthe

34、m.Theyworkedoutabirdslevelofthreattolerancebythesimplemethodofwalkingtowardsit,andthenmeasuringhowcloseonecouldgetbeforethebirdflewaway.Theydidthisseveraltimesforeachbirdeverybreedingseason,andrepeatedtheprocessoverthecourseofthreeseasons.A particular birds flight distance (ie, how closely it could

35、be approached before it departed)was,theyfound,consistentwithin abreedingseason.From seasonto seasonmostbirdsgot a littlebolderprobably as they learnt more about the world and what they could safely get away with.But this increase in boldness with age was small compared with the different starting p

36、oints ofbold and shy birds when they first arrived in a territory. It did not, therefore, much affect the factthat,onaverage,birdsflightdistanceswereinverselycorrelated(负相关)withthelevelofhuman disturbance in their territories. This was a consequence of disturbed territories being settled byboldbirds

37、,andundisturbedterritoriesbyshyones.In the case of dunnocks, then, nature wins over nurture. Dr. Holtmann was able to show thatpersonalities match circumstances, rather than being created by them. Dunnocks can recognizewhichplacessuit thembest, andchoosetosettle in themshortlyafter theyare fullyfled

38、ged (羽翼丰满).Mostlikely,thatishappeninginLondondistricts,too.41.Whatdoestheunderlinedwords“thatgap”inthesecondparagraphreferto?A.Whatthepaperpublishedin2015failedtohandle.B.WhyextrovertsfavourcertainareasinLondondistrict.C.HowDr.Holtmanninvolveddunnocksinhisstudy.D.Whattheformerandlatterstudyhaveincom

39、mon.解析：第一段介绍了2015年科学杂志上的报道的主要研究内容，段二首句便说“这个研究未解决的问题是”，gap指空隙，符合A选项。B选项意思是外向的人更偏向于伦敦地 区的哪些地方，根据段1句2已经是研究过的内容；C选项意思是Dr.Holtmann如何在研究中涉及dunnock这种鸟类，而根据thatgap破折号后的内容，关键词“atleast”，可知这仅仅的gap的一部分，并不就指gap，排除C；D选项意思是前者与后者研究的相同之处有哪些，而文中意思显然指的是“未调查研究的内容”，不正确。故选A。答案：A42.FromParagraph3,wecanknowthatdunnocks_.A.

40、arenativetoNewZealandB.havedistinctpersonalitiesC.arebolderthanhumanbeingsD.canbeeasilyidentifiedbyitscolor解析：第三段第一句便指出该鸟是欧洲的一种鸟，被引进了新西兰，而A选项指该鸟就是新西兰鸟，不正确；根据第二行与第三行内容可知，该鸟比别的（鸟类）更大胆，更能忍受那些潜在的威胁，比如在人类边上的时候，可将两个逗号间的插入语先省略不看，句意 便更清晰，而C选项意思是该鸟比人类更胆大，曲解了文意，错误；D选项意思是该鸟可以通过其颜色很清晰的辨认，而文中第三段最后一句意思是“将这些鸟包裹上有颜

41、色标记的东西后可以肉眼辨别出它们”，关键在于理解文意，故排除D。而B选项，可根据第二行“inparticular,some”可知一些鸟比较勇敢，结合第五段句2句3也可知另一些是shy的，所以它们的个性不同，故选B。答案：B43.WhatconclusiondidDr.Holtmanndrawfromhisstudy?A.Itsnurtureratherthannaturethatmattersinthecaseofdunnocksbehaviour.B.Birdsflightdistanceswereinproportiontohumandisturbanceintheirterritorie

42、s.C.Dunnockschoosetheirhabitatswiselyinthefirstplaceratherthanadapttothem.D.Boldbirdsandshybirdsalikesettleinundisturbedterritoriesinthebotanicgarden.解析：第六段首句便指出，naturewinsovernurture，而A选项意思相反，排除A；第五段倒数第二句，becorrelatedwith与选项inproportionto意思相反，排除B；第五段最后一 句bold的会选择disturbedterritories，而shy的会选择undistu

43、rbedterritories，与选项中alike矛盾，排除D。再看C选项，Dunnocks选择它们一开始的栖息地，而不是适应它们（的需求来选择），即文中的“ratherthancreatedbythem”，根据个性决定不同情况，故选C。答案：C44.Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthepassage? A.Toarguethatcircumstancescultivatecertainpersonalities.B.Toentertainreaderswithsomefunnyfactsaboutdunnocks.C.Topresentthefindingo

44、fascientificresearchaboutdunnocks.D.Toconfirmtheassumptionthatpersonalitiesmatchcircumstances.解析：A选项意思是为了证明环境决定个性特征，与第六段“个性是依据坏境来的”相悖；B选项意思是用一些好笑的关于该鸟类的事实来娱乐读者，而此篇是较为严谨的科学类文章，不符合；C选项意思是展示一个关于dunnocks的科学调查，B和C均可根据第一/二段的以及文章最后一句“THAT IS HAPPENING IN LONDON DISTRICKS, TOO”的内容知道，dunnocks仅仅是为了引出在Londondi

45、stricts，personalitiesmatchcircumstances，故选D。答案：D DIm sitting at home working, minding my business, and the mobile rings. Its DC Lyle from Wandsworth police station. He says that my name was given to Crimestoppers anonymously as apotential witness to the Putney Pusher incident. Remember that madman w

46、ho pushed a womaninto the path of a bus on Putney Bridge while out for his morning jog? Well, six months on andtheystillhaventfoundhimandDCLylewantstomeet.I say I couldnt possibly help as I wasnt a witness. DC Lyle says he still needs to meet. Ireaffirm there really was no point, I could be of no va

47、lue; I wasnt there. DC Lyle insists, and indoingsomentions thathehasmyemailaddress,andthathetried toseemeatmyofficeyesterday(I wasnt in). What? Somebody gave the police my office address, email address and phonenumber.Who?Feelinginvadedandannoyed,ItellDCLylehecouldcomeat10a.m.thenextday.Iputthephone

48、down,andonlythenthepennydropped.Iwasasuspect.I must know. Whowas the personwhoput my name forward? Theyobviously know me, butnot well enough to call me first and let me know they were going to report me to the police. Orperhapstheydoknowmewellandhaveitinforme.Thatsforanotherday. Ifrantically searchf

49、orthevideofootageoftheincidentonline.Theimages aregrainy.Squint(眯眼看) the eyes and even I can see some resemblance. I look at the Pushers jogging gear. Notpremium, I might be OK. Hes got fat calves. Result. Mine are sculpted (my best feature). ThePushers got obvious moobs. Oh dear. I carry some permanent holiday weight, I admit it. All itwould take is a bored jury and a half-decent prosecution barrister, and none of this would bebeyondreasonabledoubt.I need evidenceproving my innoc