专业英语四级-204及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语四级-204及答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)A. assess B. constrained C. contains D. explore E. influence F. interacting G. interpretation H. magnified I. mirrors J. philosophy K. potential L. sneaking M. sticking N. undermines O. violent That which does not kill us makes us stronger

2、. But parents cant handle it when teenagers put this 1 into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-seeking kids. Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and t

3、heir mobile phones to socialize with their peers. What they do online often 2 what they might otherwise do if their mobility werent so heavily 3 in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own.

4、They want the freedom to 4 their identity and the world around them. Instead of 5 out, they jump online. As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imagining all the 6 dangers that youth might facefrom 7 strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could

5、haunt them on Google for the rest of their lives. Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of 8 with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics dont help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex s

6、ocial situations, 9 risks and get help when theyre in trouble. Protecting kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it 10 the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.（分数：25.00）A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail E. forged F. incentives G. oc

7、casionally H. overstated I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel pri

8、ces with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices. Today, the industry is going through a new revolutionthis time transforming service quality. Online rating p

9、latforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxisallow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see. Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intendedthe customer. This has 15 a new relatio

10、nship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service. Although some readers might not care for

11、 gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings. The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings

12、can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.（分数：25.00）A. assume B. confidential C. disagree

13、 D. formula E. forthcoming F. illustrating G. mysteriously H. observe I. optimistic J. package K. radically L. reality M. separately N. spoiling O. underestimate Millions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned than ever about retirement. They know they need to save, but how much?

14、 And what exactly are they saving for-to spend more time 21 the grandkids, go traveling, or start another career? It turns out that husbands and wives may have 22 different ideas about the subject. The deepest divide is in the way spouses envisage their lifestyle in their later years. Fidelity Inves

15、tments Inc. found 41 percent of the 500 couples it surveyed 23 on whether both or at least one spouse will work in retirement. Wives are generally right regarding their husbands retirement age, but men 24 the age their wives will be when they stop working. And husbands are slightly more 25 about the

16、ir standard of living than wives are. Busy juggling (穷于应付) and families, most couples dont take time to sit down, 26 or together, and think about what they would like to do 5, 10 or 20 years from now. They 27 they are on the same page, but the 28 is they have avoided even talking about it. If you ar

17、e self-employed or in a job that doesnt have a standard retirement age, you may be more apt to delay thinking about these issues. It is often a 29 retirement date that provides the catalyst to start planning. Getting laid off or accepting an early-retirement . 30 can force your hand. But dont wait u

18、ntil you get a severance (遣散费) check to begin planning.（分数：25.00）A. benefits B. displaced C. employed D. eventually E. impact F. jobless G. primarily H. productive I. prosperity J. responsive K. rhythm L. sentiments M. shrunk N. swept O. withdrawn Innovation, the elixir (灵丹妙药) of progress, has alway

19、s cost people their jobs. In the Industrial Revolution hand weavers were 31 aside by the mechanical loom. Over the past 30 years the digital revolution has 32 many of the mid-skill jobs that supported 20th-century middle-class life. Typists, ticket agents, bank tellers and many production-line jobs

20、have been dispensed with, just as the weavers were. For those who believe that technological progress has made the world a better place, such disruption is a natural part of rising 33 . Although innovation kills some jobs, it creates new and better ones, as a more 34 society becomes richer and its w

21、ealthier inhabitants demand more goods and services. A hundred years ago one in three American workers was 35 on a farm. Today less than 2% of them produce far more food. The millions freed from the land were not rendered 36 , but found better-paid work as the economy grew more sophisticated. Today

22、the pool of secretaries has 37 , but there are ever more computer programmers and web designers. Optimism remains the right starting-point, but for workers the dislocating effects of technology may make themselves evident faster than its 38 . Even if new jobs and wonderful products emerge, in the sh

23、ort term income gaps will widen, causing huge social dislocation and perhaps even changing politics. Technologys 39 will feel like a tornado (旋风), hitting the rich world first, but 40 sweeping through poorer countries too. No government is prepared for it.（分数：25.00）专业英语四级-204答案解析 (总分：100.00，做题时间：90分

24、钟)一、CLOZE(总题数：4，分数：100.00)A. assess B. constrained C. contains D. explore E. influence F. interacting G. interpretation H. magnified I. mirrors J. philosophy K. potential L. sneaking M. sticking N. undermines O. violent That which does not kill us makes us stronger. But parents cant handle it when t

25、eenagers put this 1 into practice. Now technology has become the new field for the age-old battle between adults and their freedom-seeking kids. Locked indoors, unable to get on their bicycles and hang out with their friends, teens have turned to social media and their mobile phones to socialize wit

26、h their peers. What they do online often 2 what they might otherwise do if their mobility werent so heavily 3 in the age of helicopter parenting. Social media and smart-phone apps have become so popular in recent years because teens need a place to call their own. They want the freedom to 4 their id

27、entity and the world around them. Instead of 5 out, they jump online. As teens have moved online, parents have projected their fears onto the Internet, imagining all the 6 dangers that youth might facefrom 7 strangers to cruel peers to pictures or words that could haunt them on Google for the rest o

28、f their lives. Rather than helping teens develop strategies for negotiating public life and the risks of 8 with others, fearful parents have focused on tracking, monitoring and blocking. These tactics dont help teens develop the skills they need to manage complex social situations, 9 risks and get h

29、elp when theyre in trouble. Protecting kids may feel like the right thing to do, but it 10 the learning that teens need to do as they come of age in a technology-soaked world.（分数：25.00）解析：J。解析 空格位于代词this之后，据此推断应填入名词。本段的首句“那些没有击垮我们的东西会使我们更加强大”是一句俗语，表达了一种人生哲学。备选名词中，符合句意的只有philosophy“人生哲学”。故答案为J。解析：I。解

30、析 空格前是What引导的主语从句，空格后是What引导的宾语从句。据此推断空格处应填入谓语动词，且为第三人称单数。备选的动词有：contains“包含”，mirrors“反映”和undermines“逐渐损毁”。语境为：他们的网络行为常常 -|_|-他们在行动不受限的情况下原本会做的事”。将备选词汇一一代入语境，可推断出空格所填词的意思应该是“反映”，故答案为mirrors，表示他们网上的行为反映了现实中不受管教的行为。解析：B。解析 空格位于werent之后，据此推断可填入过去分词，构成被动语态。结合段首的“青少年被锁在房间里”可知，青少年的行动受到家长的限制，故答案为constraine

31、d“限制”。解析：D。解析 空格位于to之后，此处应填入动词原形，构成动词不定式结构修饰名词freedom。备选词有：assess“评定，评估”和explore“探索”，但能够与identity“特性，身份”搭配且语义通顺的只有explore“探究”。句意为：青少年需要自由来探索自我和身边的世界。故答案为D。解析：sL。解析 空格位于instead of之后，据此推断填入动名词，与后面的out搭配。选项中符合要求的有sticking out“坚持，突出”和sneaking out“偷偷溜走”。结合语境，sneaking out“溜走，偷跑”，符合句意。故答案为L。解析：K。解析 空格位于定冠词

32、the和名词dangers之间，据此推断应填入形容词。由本句中的“残忍的同龄人”和“谷歌上那些足以困扰他们余生的图片和文字”可知，这些危险应该是“潜在的”危险，故答案为potential。解析：O。解析 该空格位于strangers之前，据此推断可填入形容词。根据后文中提及的cruel peers可知，空格处应填入与cruel一样表示贬义的形容词。备选项中violent“暴力的”符合语境。故答案为O。解析：F。解析 该空格位于介词of之后，据此推断可填入名词或动名词。空格后为介词with，备选项中能与with搭配的只有interacting和sticking。interact with“与相互

33、作用”，stick with“支持，紧跟，坚持做”，文中表示的意思应为“与青少年互动”。故答案为F。解析：A。解析 该空格位于名词risks之前，据此推断此处应填入动词原形，与manage和get构成并列关系。备选项中的动词原形有：assess“评定”，influence“影响”，可与risks搭配并符合文意的只有assess。故答案为A。解析：N。解析 该空格位于it与the learning that之间，据此推断应填入动词做谓语，且为动词的第三人称单数形式。由but可知，空格处单词应与前文表示相反的意思，前文提及right thing，空格处应填入表示消极含义的词汇。选项中符合要求的只有

34、undermines“逐渐毁损”。故答案为N。A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelo

35、city, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices. Today

36、, the industry is going through a new revolutionthis time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxisallow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see. Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by indus

37、try 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intendedthe customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in ver

38、y specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service. Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites

39、18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings. The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital re

40、putation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.（分数：25.00）解析：C。解析 该空格位于With引导的介词短语中，由短语中的or和hidden可推知，所填词应是hidden的并列结构，即动词过去分词形式，表示被动。文章首句提到，游客可以在旅游网站上比较航班和酒店的价格，且后文中提及greater transparency“更高的透明度”，由此可推知，信息不再被旅行社控制。备选动词中，controlled“控制”符合题意，故答案为C。解析：L。解析 该空格位于动词helped之后，名词prices之前，据此判断应填入动词原形，

41、构成help do sth. 的结构。由第一段首句可知，游客可以在旅游网站上比较航班和酒店的价格，也就是说，旅游网站可以帮助游客选择报价更低的航班和酒店。结合备选项，slash“大幅度削减”符合题意。故答案为L。解析：M。解析 空格位于后置定语中，用来补充说明在线评价平台涉及的领域，故应填入现在分词，且能与in构成固定搭配。备选动词中，表示“涉及”且能与in搭配的现在分词只有specializing“专门从事”。故答案为M。解析：K。解析 空格位于by引导的介词短语里，表示动作的实施者，由此推断应填入表示人或机构的名词。备选名词为professionals“专业人士”和spectators“观

42、众”。由后文but可知，空格处的单词应与customer“顾客”形成对照，故professionals“专业人士”符合语境。spectators“观众”虽然满足语法要求，但其含义与上下文不符，排除。故答案为K。解析：E。解析 空格位于has之后，宾语a new relationship之前，据此判断应填入过去分词。由宾语a new relationship可知，所填动词应该表示“建立，构建”的意思。备选动词中，forged“形成，缔造”符合题意，故答案为E。解析：A。解析 由空格前的are much more可以推断应填入形容词。结合后半句中的powerful和improve service可

43、知，空格处应填入表示积极意义的形容词。备选形容词中，符合要求的只有accountable“负有责任的”，故答案为A。解析：F。解析 该空格位于形容词powerful之后，动词不定式to improve之前，据此判断应填入名词。根据上下文推断，在线评价这种方式对旅游业改进服务起到了促进作用。备选名词中，符合该语境的只有incentives“刺激，动力”，故答案为F。解析：B。解析 该空格位于名词所有格之后，据此判断应填入名词。备选名词中，符合语境的是capacity“能力”，表示“网站能集合大量评论的能力”。故答案为B。解析：H。解析 该空格位于be动词之后，可填入形容词或者动词的过去分词。文章

44、末段第二、三句主要讲述好的评论的重要作用，故空格所在句也应该涉及好评价的重要性。备选词中overstated“夸张，夸大”符合文意，cannot be overstated表示“再夸张也不为过”。故答案为H。解析：O。解析 该空格位于动词provide之前，而且空格所在句子并不缺少主要成分，因此推断此处应填入副词。由空格所在句中的good reviews“好的评论吸引新顾客”和more positive feedback“做出更积极的反馈”可知，所填入的副词应能体现出时间先后顺序。备选副词中，subsequently“随后，接着”符合文意，故答案为O。A. assume B. confiden

45、tial C. disagree D. formula E. forthcoming F. illustrating G. mysteriously H. observe I. optimistic J. package K. radically L. reality M. separately N. spoiling O. underestimate Millions of Americans are entering their 60s and are more concerned than ever about retirement. They know they need to sav

46、e, but how much? And what exactly are they saving for-to spend more time 21 the grandkids, go traveling, or start another career? It turns out that husbands and wives may have 22 different ideas about the subject. The deepest divide is in the way spouses envisage their lifestyle in their later years

47、. Fidelity Investments Inc. found 41 percent of the 500 couples it surveyed 23 on whether both or at least one spouse will work in retirement. Wives are generally right regarding their husbands retirement age, but men 24 the age their wives will be when they stop working. And husbands are slightly m

48、ore 25 about their standard of living than wives are. Busy juggling (穷于应付) and families, most couples dont take time to sit down, 26 or together, and think about what they would like to do 5, 10 or 20 years from now. They 27 they are on the same page, but the 28 is they have avoided even talking abo

49、ut it. If you are self-employed or in a job that doesnt have a standard retirement age, you may be more apt to delay thinking about these issues. It is often a 29 retirement date that provides the catalyst to start planning. Getting laid off or accepting an early-retirement . 30 can force your hand. But dont wait until you get a severance