专业英语八级真题2009年及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级真题2009年及答案解析 (总分：99.01，做题时间：90分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after th

2、e mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. BSECTION A/BComplete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a maximum of T

3、HREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically & semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notesB Writing Experimental ReportsI. Content of an experimental report, e. g. /B study subject/area study purpose U(1) /U (1) _B II. Presentation of an experimental report/B pr

4、oviding details regarding readers as U(2) /U (2) _B III. Structure of an experimental report/B feature：highly structured and U(3) /U (3)_ sections and their content:INTRODUCTION U(4) /U; why you did it (4) _METHOD how you did itRESULTS what you found outU(5) /U what you think it shows (5)_B IV. Sens

5、e of readership/B U(6) /U; reader is the marker (6) _ U(7) /U; reader is an idealized, hypothetical, intelligent (7) _person with little knowledge of your study tasks to fulfill in an experimental report: introduction to relevant area necessary background information development of clear arguments d

6、efinition of technical terms precise description of data U(8) /U (8)_B V. Demands and expectations in report writing/B early stage: understanding of study subject/area and its implications basic grasp of the reports format later stage: U(9) /U on research significance (9)_ things to avoid in writing

7、 INTRODUCTION: inadequate material U(10) /U of research justification for the study (10)_（分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_填空项1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions

8、that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions. Now listen to the interview. （分数：5.00）(1).Which of the following,

9、statements is CORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.Toastmasters was originally set up to train speaking skills.B.Toastmasters only accepts prospective professional speakers.C.Toastmasters accepts members from the general public.D.Toastmasters is an exclusive dub for professional speakers.(2).The following are job ben

10、efits by joining Toastmasters EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.becoming familiar with various means of communication.B.learning how to deliver messages in an organized way.C.becoming aware of audience expectations.D.learning bow to get along with friends.(3).Toastmasters general approach to training can be summariz

11、ed as（分数：1.00）A.practice plus overall training.B.practice plus lectures.C.practice plus voice training.D.practice plus speech writing.(4).Toastmasters aims to train people to be all the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.public speakers.B.grammar teachers.C.masters of ceremonies.D.evaluators.(5).The intervi

12、ew mainly focuses on（分数：1.00）A.the background information.B.the description of training courses.C.the requirements of public speaking.D.the overall personal growth.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：2，分数：4.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that fol

13、low. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 6 and 7 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the news. （分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following is the main cause of global w

14、arming?（分数：1.00）A.Fossil fuel.B.Greenhouse gases.C.Increased dryness.D.Violent storm patterns.(2).The news item implies that _ in the last report.（分数：1.00）A.there were fewer studies doneB.there were fewer policy proposalsC.there was less agreementD.there were fewer objectivesQuestions 8 and 9 are ba

15、sed on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions, Now listen to the news. （分数：2.01）(1).The cause of the Indian train accident was（分数：0.67）A.terrorist sabotage.B.yet to be determined.C.lack of communications.D.bad weather.(2).Which of the fo

16、llowing statements is CORRECT?（分数：0.67）A.The accident occurred on a bridge.B.The accident occurred in New Delhi.C.There were about 600 casualties.D.Victims were rescued immediately._四、BPART READING (总题数：7，分数：20.00)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-cho

17、ice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet. BTEXT A/BWe had been wanting to expand our childrens horizons by taking them to a place that was unlike any-thing wed been exposed to during our travels in Europe and the United States. In thinking about what

18、was possible from Geneva，where we are based, we decided on a trip to Istanbul，a two-hour plane ride from Zurich.We envisioned the trip as a prelude to more exotic ones，perhaps to New Delhi or Bangkok later this year，but thought our 11 and 13-year-olds needed a first step away from manicured boulevar

19、ds and pristine monuments.What we didnt foresee was the reaction of friends，who warned that we were putting our children“in danger,”referring vaguely，and most incorrectly，to disease，terrorism or just the unknown. To help us get acquainted with the peculiarities of Istanbul and to give our children a

20、 chance to choose what they were particularly interested in seeing, we bought an excellent guidebook and read it thoroughly before leaving.Friendly warnings didnt change our planning, although we might have more prudently checked with the U. S. State Departments list of troublespots. We didnt see a

21、lot of children among the foreign visitors during our six-day stay in Istanbul, but we found the tourist areas quite safe, very interesting and varied enough even to suit our son, whose oft-repeated request is that we not see“every single”church and museum in a given city.Vaccinations werent needed

22、for the city, but we were concerned about adapting to the water for a short stay. So we used bottled water for drinking and brushing our teeth，a precaution that may seem excessive，but we all stayed healthy.Taking the advice of a friend，we booked a hotel a 20-minute walk from most of Istanbuls major

23、tourist sites. This not only got us some morning exercise，strolling over the Karakoy Bridge，but took us past a colorful assortment of fishermen，vendors and shoe shiners.From a teenager and pre-teens view，Istanbul street life is fascinating since almost everything can be bought outdoors. They were at

24、 a good age to spend time wandering the labyrinth of the Spice Bazaar，where shops display mounds of pungent herbs in sacks. Doing this with younger children would be harder simply because the streets are so packed with people; it would be easy to get lost.For our two，whose buying experience consiste

25、d of department stores and shopping mall boutiques，it was amazing to discover that you could bargain over price amt perhaps end up with two of something for the price of one. They also learned to figure out the relative value of the Turkish lira，not a small matter with its many zeros.Being exposed t

26、o Islam was an important part of our trip. Visiting the mosques, especially the enormous Blue Mosque，was our first glimpse into how this major religion is practiced. Our childrens curiosity already had been piqued by the five daily calls to prayer over loudspeakers in every corner of the city，and th

27、e scarves covering the heads of many women.Navigating meals can be troublesome with children，but a kebab，bought on the street or in restaurants, was unfailingly popular. Since we had decided this trip was not for gourmets, kebabs spared us the agony of trying to find a restaurant each day that would

28、 suit the adults desire to try something new amid childrens insistence that the food be served immediately. Gradually, we branched out to try some other Turkish specialties.Although our son had studied Islam briefly, it is impossible to be prepared for every awkward question that might come up，such

29、as during our visits to the Topkapi Sarayi，the Ottoman Sultans palace. No guides were available so it was do-it-yourself, using our guidebook, which cheated us of a lot of interesting history and anecdotes that a professional guide could provide. Next time, we resolved to make such arrangements in a

30、dvance.On this trip, we wandered through the magnificent complex, with its imperial treasures, its courtyards and its harem. The last required a bit of explanation that we would have happily left to a learned third party.（分数：5.00）(1).The couple chose Istanbul as their holiday destination mainly beca

31、use（分数：1.00）A.the city is not too far away from where they lived.B.the city is not on the list of the U. S. State Department.C.the city is between the familiar and the exotic.D.the city is more familiar than exotic.(2).Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?（分数：1.00）A.The family found the ci

32、ty was exactly what they had expected.B.Their friends were opposed to their holiday plan.C.They could have been more cautious about bringing kids along.D.They were a bit cautious about the quality of water in the city.(3).We learn from the couples shopping experience back home that（分数：1.00）A.they we

33、re used to bargaining over price.B.they preferred to buy things outdoors.C.street markets were their favourite.D.they preferred fashion and brand names.(4).The last two paragraphs suggest that to visit places of interest in Istanbul（分数：1.00）A.guidebooks are very useful.B.a professional guide is a mu

34、st.C.one has to be prepared for questions.D.one has to make arrangements in advance.(5).The family have seen or visited all the following in Istanbul EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.religious prayers,B.historical buildings.C.local-style markets.D.shopping mall boutiques.1.BTEXT B/BLast month the first baby-boomers

35、 turned 60. The bulky generation born between 1946 and 1964 is heading towards retirement. The looming“demographic cliff”will see vast numbers of skilled workers dispatched from the labour force.The workforce is ageing across the rich world. Within the EU the number of workers aged between 50 and 64

36、 will increase by 25% over the next two decades，while those aged 20-29 will decrease by 20%. In Japan almost 20% of the population is already over 65，the highest share in the world. And in the United States the number of workers aged 55 64 will have increased by more than half in this decade, at the

37、 same time as the 35-to 44-year-olds decline by 10%.Given that most societies are geared to retirement at around 65，companies have a looming problem of knowledge management，of making sure that the boomers do not leave before they have handed over their expertise along with the office keys and their

38、e-mail address. A survey of human-resources directors by IBM last year concluded:“When the baby-boomer generation retires，many companies will find out too late that a careers worth of experience has walked out the door，leaving insufficient talent to fill in the void.”Some also face a shortage of exp

39、ertise. In aerospace and defence，for example，as much as 40% of the workforce in some companies will be eligible to retire within the next five years. At the same time, the number of engineering graduates in developed countries is in steep decline.A few companies are so squeezed that they are already

40、 taking exceptional measures. Earlier this year the Los Angeles Times interviewed an enterprising Australian who was staying in Beverly Hills while he tried to persuade locals to emigrate to Toowoomba，Queensland, to work for his engineering company there, Toowoomba today; the rest of the developed w

41、orld tomorrow?If you look hard enough, you can find companies that have begun to adapt the workplace to older workers. The AARP，an American association for the over-50s,produces an annual list of the best employers of its members. Health-care firms invariably come near the top because they are one o

42、f the industries most in need of skilled labour. Other sectors similarly affected，says the Conference Board，include oil，gas, energy and government.Near the top of the AARPs latest list comes Deere &. Company，a no-nonsense industrial-equipment manufacturer based in Illinois; about 35% of Deeres 46,00

43、0 employees are over 50 and a number of them are in their 70s. The tools it uses to achieve that flexible working，telecommuting，and so forthalso coincidentally help older workers to extend their working lives. The company spends“a lot of time”on the Bergonomics/B of its factories, making jobs there

44、less tiring, which enables older workers to stay at them for longer.Likewise, for more than a decade, Toyota, arguably the worlds most advanced manufacturer， has adapted its workstations to older workers. The shortage of skilled labour available to the automotive industry has made it unusually keen

45、to recruit older workers. BMW recently set up a factory in Leipzig that expressly set out to employ people over the age of 45.Needs must when the devil drives.Other firms are polishing their alumni networks. IBM uses its network to recruit retired people for particular projects. Ernst & Young, a pro

46、fessional-services firm, has about 30,000 registered alumni, and about 25% of its“experienced”new recruits are former employees who return after an absence.But such examples are unusual. A survey in America last month by Ernst &. Young found that“although corporate America foresees a significant workforce shortage as boomers retire，it is not dealing with the issue. ”Almost three-quarters of the 1,400 global companies questioned by Deloitte last year said they expected a shortage of salaried staff over the next three to five years. Yet few of them are looking to