专业英语八级-改错(一)及答案解析.doc

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1、专业英语八级-改错(一)及答案解析 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、TEST ONE(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Theres a dirty little secret in many American homescouples fight about the housework, Its a No. 1 issue my husband and I argue about. We argue over who is doing more, who should be doing which chores, and why my standards are unrealisti

2、c.There is always too much to take care with and, with two kids, neither one of us has the energy to keep top of it all. When the laundry, dirty dishes, and dust pile out, I feel stressed and resentful and the fighting begins. Most couples are trying to split three full-time jobshis, her, and managi

3、ng the housebetween two people. There just arent enough hours in the day. The current arrangement is leading to a nation of tired, angry couples with no time to relax with each other and their children. It is estimated that the first child triggers an increase of 21 hours of chores per week, not inc

4、luded childrearing, while each additional child adds 6hours of chores. The average American mother, whether she works out of the home or not, spends 35 hours a week doing housework. When you think about the time has spent on cleaning, cooking, grocery shopping, the yard work, and laundry, its clear

5、that managing a home is no small feat. So many of our parents got along without household help, the amount of hands-on parenting time at home has increased dramatic in the past 20 years. Its no longer safe in most areas to let children play in the front yard or out in the neighborhood unsupervised.（

6、分数：10.00）(1). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(2). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(3). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(4). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(5). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(6). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(7). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(8). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(9). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(10). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_二、TEST TWO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)One of the strangest things about dispute over adverti

7、sing is that the greater the fuss the much of a mystery the industry itself seems to become. Advertising is a passionate area. It seems to affect those who attack it and those who defend it in remarkable similar ways. Before long both are exhibiting the same compulsive urge to overstate their case t

8、o that it is difficult to believe that the critics and the defenders of advertising are even arguing for the same thing. But just as it seemed sensible for us to regard advertising without go to either extreme, so it also seemed logical to try and find as cold-bloodedly as if we could, what advertis

9、ing in the Britain of the sixties really was.We knew that they consumed around $950 million a year, or roughly 2 percent of the national income. We knew that it employed something over 200,000 individuals, the majority of which were paid salaries considerably above the national average. And we knew

10、that it was supposedly run in accordance certain rather vague and often complex rules and professional orders.Therefore once we tried finding out exactly what all this money went on, what these highly paid individuals did for it (and with it), and how the rules and orders influenced them, a curious

11、thing happened. This strange animal called advertising, so disliked by its supporters and so beloved by its defenders, began to disappear. In its place were advertising men and advertising agenciesall working in different ways and to different rules and all showed quite startling differences of comp

12、etence, taste and effectiveness.（分数：10.00）(1)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(2)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(3)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(4)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(5)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(6)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(7)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(8)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(9)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(10)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_三、TEST THREE(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The ocean bottoma region near

13、ly 2-5 times greater than the total land area of the earthis a vast frontier that even today is largely unexplored and uncharted. Until about a century ago, the deep-ocean floor was completely accessible, hidden beneath waters averaging over 3, 600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected in

14、tense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earths surface, the deep-ocean bottom is a hostile environment to humans, in some ways as forbidding and remote as the void of out space.Therefore researchers have been taking samples of deep-ocean rocks and sediments for over a century, the firs

15、t detailed global investigation of the ocean bottom did actually start until 1968, with the beginning of the National Science Foundations Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP). Used techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry, the DSDPs drill ship, the Glomar Challenger, was able to

16、maintain steady position on the oceans surface and drill in very deep waters, extracting samples of sediments and rock from the ocean floor.The Glomar Challengers core samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct that the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to calculate what i

17、t will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challengers voyages, nearly all earth scientists agree with the theories of plate construction and continental drift that explain many of the geology processes that shape t

18、he Earth.（分数：10.00）(1)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(2)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(3)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(4)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(5)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(6)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(7)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(8)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(9)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(10)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_四、TEST FOUR(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The Bible itself contains a total of 66 books and is

19、divided into, two parts, the Old Testament and the New Testament. The Old Testament contains 39 books and the New Testament is a collection of 27 books. Whatever definitive the collection, the books vary in kinds of writing and in length and have emerged into a range of distinctive situations. The b

20、ooks can be read as classic literature, to appreciate each book is saying, and why and how it is saying so. For this purpose it is important, therefore, to bring literary criteria to bear the text, and consider the source, the methods of editing or constructing the text, the style of writing, the va

21、rious indicators of the works structure. It is important to remember, furthermore, the New Testament is not just a set of literary classics, mad was written as the guide book to living the Christian life. The nature of the story and the style of the literature should be considered in the lights of t

22、heir purpose as in preaching and teaching. So we must be fully aware of the context in the Christian communities in which these books were created. The story was told in uncertain styles because the community wanted to communicate with its belief, or needed to set out guidelines for its own life. Th

23、e New Testament is the source for the body of teaching and preaching at the same time providing evidences of the social and historic context to support the teachings.（分数：10.00）(1). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(2). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(3). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(4). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(5). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(6). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1

24、:_(7). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(8). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(9). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(10). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_五、TEST FIVE(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some consumer researchers distinguish between rational motives and emotional motives. They use the term rationality in the traditional economic sense that assume that consumers behave ra

25、tionally when they carefully consider all alternatives and choose those that give them the greatest utility (i.e. satisfaction) in a marketed context. The tern rationality implies that the consumer selects goods based on totally objective criteria, such as size, weight, price, and so on. Emotional m

26、otives imply the selection of goods according to impersonal or subjective criteriathe desire for individuality, pride, fear, affection or status.The assumption underlying this distinction is that subjective or emotional criteria do not maximize satisfaction; therefore, it is reasonable to assume tha

27、t consumers always attempt to select alternatives that, in their view, serve to minimize satisfaction. Obviously, the assessment of satisfaction is a very personal process, based on the individuals own needs as well as on past behavior, social, and learning experiences. What may appear as irrational

28、 to an outside observer may be perfect rational within the context of the consumers own psychological field. If behavior did not appear rational to the person who undertakes at the time that it is undertaken, obviously he or she would not do it. Therefore the distinction between rational and emotion

29、al motives does not appear to be warranted.Some researchers go so far as to suggest that emphasis of needs obscures the rational, or conscious, nature of most consumer motivation. They claim that consumers act consciously to maximize their gains and minimize their losses; that they act on not from s

30、ubconscious drives but from rational preferences.（分数：10.00）(1)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(2)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(3)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(4)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(5)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(6)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(7)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(8)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(9)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_(10)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_专业英语八级-改错(一)答案解析 (总分：50.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、T

31、EST ONE(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Theres a dirty little secret in many American homescouples fight about the housework, Its a No. 1 issue my husband and I argue about. We argue over who is doing more, who should be doing which chores, and why my standards are unrealistic.There is always too much to take care w

32、ith and, with two kids, neither one of us has the energy to keep top of it all. When the laundry, dirty dishes, and dust pile out, I feel stressed and resentful and the fighting begins. Most couples are trying to split three full-time jobshis, her, and managing the housebetween two people. There jus

33、t arent enough hours in the day. The current arrangement is leading to a nation of tired, angry couples with no time to relax with each other and their children. It is estimated that the first child triggers an increase of 21 hours of chores per week, not included childrearing, while each additional

34、 child adds 6hours of chores. The average American mother, whether she works out of the home or not, spends 35 hours a week doing housework. When you think about the time has spent on cleaning, cooking, grocery shopping, the yard work, and laundry, its clear that managing a home is no small feat. So

35、 many of our parents got along without household help, the amount of hands-on parenting time at home has increased dramatic in the past 20 years. Its no longer safe in most areas to let children play in the front yard or out in the neighborhood unsupervised.（分数：10.00）(1). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：athe）

36、解析：冠词错误。序数词前须加定冠词，“这是我与丈夫争论的首要问题。(2). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：第一个withof）解析：固定搭配错误。take care of为固定短语词组，意思是“照顾，料理”，在此处是作定语修饰too much，逻辑上的动宾关系，介词不可以用with，这句意思是“总是有太多的事要料理”。(3). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案： topon）解析：介词遗漏。此处意为：我们谁都没有力气持续保持精力充沛的状态，此处需加介词on，与keep起表示“持续”这种状态。(4). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：outup）解析：同定搭配

37、错误。pile out表示“挤出，走出”，例如：Edward parked by the river and we all piled outpile up意为“堆积，积累，搁浅”，例如：The traffic starts piling up around this time此句意为“当积满脏衣物、碗碟、灰尘时，我感到充满怨恨与压力，争吵又开始了”。(5). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：herhers）解析：物主代词错误。根据上下文，应该用名词性物主代词，hers代指“她的工作”；此句意为“大多数夫妻都试图两个人分摊三份全职工作，这三份工作就是他们各自的工作及家务料理”。(6

38、). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：andor）解析：连词误用。此句中有否定词no time，故应用连词or，表示选择，此句意为“没有时间相互之间或与孩子一起放松”。(7). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：includedincluding）解析：非谓语动词错误。include与前面21 hours之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用include的现在分词形式作伴随状语。(8). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：has去掉has）解析：非谓语动词错误。时间状语从句中，谓语动词为think，spend这里应用作非谓语动词，因为time与spend之间是动宾关系，

39、所以此处用spend的过去分词形式作time的定语。(9). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：SoWhile）解析：逻辑错误。根据上下文可以判断，本句和前一句之间没有因果关系。本句从句意为：许多父母没有家人帮忙照顾家庭。主句意为：父母在家中亲自陪伴子女的时间在过去的20年中急剧增长。显然，两部分之间为转折关系，应将SO改为while。(10). 1（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：dramaticdramatically）解析：同性错误。此处修饰动词increase的应该是副词，而不是形容词。二、TEST TWO(总题数：1，分数：10.00)One of the stra

40、ngest things about dispute over advertising is that the greater the fuss the much of a mystery the industry itself seems to become. Advertising is a passionate area. It seems to affect those who attack it and those who defend it in remarkable similar ways. Before long both are exhibiting the same co

41、mpulsive urge to overstate their case to that it is difficult to believe that the critics and the defenders of advertising are even arguing for the same thing. But just as it seemed sensible for us to regard advertising without go to either extreme, so it also seemed logical to try and find as cold-

42、bloodedly as if we could, what advertising in the Britain of the sixties really was.We knew that they consumed around $950 million a year, or roughly 2 percent of the national income. We knew that it employed something over 200,000 individuals, the majority of which were paid salaries considerably a

43、bove the national average. And we knew that it was supposedly run in accordance certain rather vague and often complex rules and professional orders.Therefore once we tried finding out exactly what all this money went on, what these highly paid individuals did for it (and with it), and how the rules

44、 and orders influenced them, a curious thing happened. This strange animal called advertising, so disliked by its supporters and so beloved by its defenders, began to disappear. In its place were advertising men and advertising agenciesall working in different ways and to different rules and all showed quite startling differences of competence, taste and effectiveness.（分数：10.00）(1)._（分数：1.00）填空项1:_（正确答案：remarkableremarkably）解析：词性错误。remarkable是形容词，而其后修饰的是另一个形容词similar，修饰形容词的应该是副词，故改为remarkab