专业八级-73及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-73 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPART LISTENIN(总题数：1，分数：10.00)BSECTION A/BIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap.filling task

2、after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.ANSWER SHEET ONEComplete the gap-filling task. Some of the gaps below may require a m

3、aximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically (2) _bears in mind its meaning, key points and reminders related. Causes of stress in a speechA. lack of right guiding principlesB. lack of fight (3) _ (3) _C. lack of right plan of action. Meaning of a (4) _ speech

4、. (4) _A. h doesnt mean perfection.B. Give your audience something (5) _ so that (5) _they feel better about themselves;they feel better about jobs they have to do;they feel happy or entertained. Main points for (6) _ a speech (6) _A. Do not deliver lots of information to the audience.B. Have (7) _

5、or an index card. (7) _. General remindersIf you forget the (8) _ about public speaking and feel stressful, (8) _A. go back and review this lecture,B. find out what you did (9) _ (9) _C. go back out and speak again.Remember that the (10) _ will be impressive. (10) _ （分数：10.00）(1).（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项

6、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_二、BSECTION B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.（分数：5.00）(1).Which of the fo

7、llowing is NOT mentioned by the author among things that are inherited from ancestors?（分数：1.00）A.Complexion.B.Diseases.C.Adaptation ability.D.Intelligence.(2).People are likely to have a higher cholesterol level in winter because（分数：1.00）A.they tend to take in less vitamin D in that season.B.they do

8、 less exercise and become weaker than usual.C.they need to eat much more greasy food to keep warm. D. they get less sun to convert cholesterol into vitaminD.(3).Which of the following is TRUE about eye protection from sunburn?（分数：1.00）A.We can drink celery juice to prevent our eyes from being tanned

9、.B.We should wear sunglasses after 10-munite exposure to the sun.C.We can do without eyewear when we go out on a sunny day.D.We should put on sunglasses as soon as we go out in the sun.(4).Which of the following is NOT the authors view?（分数：1.00）A.Asians are at a higher risk of alcoholism.B.Organic v

10、egetables are not always safer.C.We may rust from absorbing too much iron.D.Moderate amount of sun exposure is good.(5).Whats the main content of the book Survival of the Sickest?（分数：1.00）A.It gives conventional account for medicine.B.It introduces the dietary regime for the sick.C.It sees various m

11、edical issues in new light.D.It offers tips on survival in the wilderness.三、BSECTION C/B(总题数：3，分数：5.00)1.In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your coloured answer sheet.Question 6 i

12、s based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question.Now listen to the news.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.Questions 9 and 10 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to

13、the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is the main idea of the news item?（分数：1.00）A.Seals have been ruthlessly hunted in Canada.B.EU considers measures against Canada on seal hunt.C.Canada encourages hunters to take pelts from seals.D.EU has already banned Canadian seal products.(2).What has been the major conc

14、ern of EU over a wider ban since the 1983 barring?（分数：1.00）A.It might affect hunters and their communities.B.It might destroy free trade within ELI.C.It might invite retaliation from Canada.D.It might be criticized by animal activists.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of

15、the news item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.（分数：2.00）(1).What is Mr. Sarkozys purpose of visiting Westminster Abby?（分数：1.00）A.To address both Houses of Parliament.B.To enjoy a glittering state banquet.C.To honor the unknown soldier.D.To meet Prince Char

16、les and his wife.(2).Which of the following indicates the exact sequence of the places Sarkozy will visit?（分数：1.00）A.Windsor CastieWestminster AbbyRoyal GalleryB.Royal GalleryWestminster AbbyWindsor CastleC.Westminster AbbyWindsor CastleRoyal GalleryD.Westminster AbbyRoyal GalleryWindsor Castle四、BPA

17、RT READING (总题数：7，分数：20.00)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a total of 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark your answers on your coloured answer sheet.BTEXT A/BMargaret Spellings, the secretary of education, announced a pilot reform to the No Child

18、 Left Behind Act (NCLB), George Bushs education law, which was passed in 2002 Up to ten states, she said, would be allowed to target their resources at the most severely struggling schools, rather than at the vast number needing improvement. The change drew a predictable mix of praise and censure. A

19、bove all, though, it was a reminder of utter inaction elsewhere.Congress, which was supposed to re-authorize the law last year, has made little progress. On the campaign trail, concerns over Iraq and the economy have made education a minor issue. Contrary to appearances, the laws main tenets are unl

20、ikely to be abandoned completely. But for the Democratic candidates in particular, a proper debate on NCLB is to be avoided like political quicksand.Most politicians agree that the law has the right goalsto raise educational standards and hold schools accountable for meeting them. NCLB requires stat

21、es to test pupils on math and reading from third to eighth grade (that is, from the ages of eight to 13), and once in high school. Some science testing is being added. Schools that do not make “adequate yearly progress“ towards meeting state standards face sanctions. Pupils in failing schools can su

22、pposedly transfer to a better one or get tutoring.Most also agree that NCLB has big flaws that must be fixed. Few pupils in bad schools actually transferless than 1% of those eligible did so in the 200304 school year. Teachers unions say the tests are focused too narrowly on math and reading, fail t

23、o measure progress over time and encourage “teaching to the test“. They also complain that the law lacks proper funding. The Thomas B. Fordham Foundation, a conservative policy group, has exposed wide gaps in state standards. Test-data reflect this. In Mississippi 90% of fourth-graders were labeled

24、“proficient“ or better in the state reading test in 2006-07. Only 19% reached that level in a national test.John McCain, the Republican presidential nominee, offers NCLB tepid support but fails to elaborate. At Democratic rallies, NCLB is little more than a whipping-boy. Hillary Clinton proclaims th

25、at she will “end the unfunded mandate known as No Child Left Behind“. But though she and Barack Obama deride NCLB publicly, each endorses the idea of accountability. They favor using more sophisticated “assessments“ in place of tests, want to value a broader range of skills, punish schools less and

26、support them more. How these ideas would be implemented remains unclear.Not surprisingly, more controversial proposals can be found among those not running for president. Chester Finn of Fordham thinks the federal government needs greater power to set standards, while states should have more leeway

27、in meeting them. A bipartisan commission on NCLB has issued a slew of proposals. Particularly contentious is a plan to use pupils test scores to help identify ineffective teachers as in need of retraining.Of course, standards alone do not improve education. Both Mrs. Clinton and Mr. Obama propose a

28、host of new programs for schools, described on their websites if rarely on campaign. But accountability is likely to remain a big part of school reform. Last April a group of philanthropists announced a $60m effort to make education the top domestic issue of 2008. So far, it looks like money iii spe

29、nt.（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, NCLB mainly aimed to（分数：1.00）A.provide tests for pupils on maths and reading from third to eighth grade.B.add some science testing in schools for pupils aged from 8 to 13.C.enhance teaching standards which schools should be responsible for meeting.D.transfer

30、 pupils in falling schools to a better one or get them some tutoring.(2).The word “sanctions“ in the third paragraph means（分数：1.00）A.approval.B.punishment.C.support.D.decree.(3).Which of the following is NOT a weakness of NCLB?（分数：1.00）A.The law has been properly funded.B.Only a few pupils in bed sc

31、hools transfer.C.The tests are focused on nothing but maths and reading.D.The tests actually encourage “teaching to the test“.2.BTEXT B/BWhen catastrophic floods hit Bangladesh, TNTs emergency-response team was ready. The logistics giant, with headquarters in Amsterdam, has 50 people on standby to i

32、ntervene anywhere in the world at 48 hours notice. This is part of a five-year-old partnership with the World Food Program (WFP), the UNs agency that fights hunger. The team has attended to some two dozen emergencies, including the Asian tsunami in 2004. “Were just faster,“ says Ludo Oelrich, the di

33、rector of TNTs “Moving the World“ program.Emergency help is not TNTs only offering. Volunteers do stints around the world on sec-ondment to WFP and staff are encouraged to raise money for the program (they generated enro2.5m last year). There is knowledge transfer, too: TNT recently improved the sch

34、ool-food supply chain in Liberia, increasing WFPs efficiency by 15-20%, and plans to do the same in Congo.Why does TNT do these things? “People feel this is a company that does more than take care of the bottom line,“ says Mr. Oelrich. “Its providing a soul to TNT.“ In a 2006 staff survey, 68% said

35、the pro-bono activities made them prouder to work at the company. It also helps with recruitment: three out of four graduates who apply for jobs mention the WFP connection. Last year the company came top in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index.TNTs experience illustrates several trends in corporate ph

36、ilanthropy. First, collaboration is in, especially with NC, Os. Companies try to pick partners with some relevance to their business. For.TNT, the food program is a good fit because hunger is in part a logistical problem. Standard Chartered, a bank, is working with the Bangladesh Rural Advancement C

37、ommittee on microfinance and with other NGOs on a campaign to help 10m blind people.Coca-Cola has identified water conservation as critical to its future as the worlds largest drinks company. Last June it announced an ambitious collaboration with WWF, a global environmental organization, to conserve

38、 seven major freshwater fiver basins. It is also working with Greenpeace to eliminate carbon emissions from coolers and vending machines. The co-operation is strictly non-financial, but marks a change in outlook. “Ten years ago you couldnt get CocaCola and Greenpeace in the same room,“ says Neville

39、Isdell, its CEO.Second, what used to be local community work is increasingly becoming global community work. In the mid-1990s nearly all IBMs philanthropic spending was in America; now 60% is outside. Part of this involves a corporate version of the peace corps: young staff get one-month assignments

40、 in the developing world to work on worthy projects. The idea is not only to make a difference on the ground, but also to develop managers who understand how the wider world works.Third, once a formal program is in place, it becomes hard to stop. Indeed, it tends to grow, not least because employees

41、 are keen. In 1996 KPMG allowed its staff in Britain to spend two hours a month of their paid-for time on work for the community. Crucially for an accountancy firm, the work was given a time code. After a while it came to be seen as a business benefit. The program has expanded to half a day a month

42、and now adds up to 40,000 donated hours a year. And increasingly it is not only inputs that are being measured but outputs as well. S, a software firm, tries to measure the impact of its volunteer programs, which involved 85% of its employees last year.All this has meant that straightforward cash do

43、nations have become less important. At IBM, in 1993 cash accounted for as much as 95% of total philanthropic giving; now it makes up only about 35%. But cash still matters. When Hank Paulson, now Americas treasury secretary, was boss of Goldman Sachs, he was persuaded to raise the amount that the fi

44、rm chipped in to boost employees charitable donations. Now it is starting a philanthropy fund aiming for $1 billion to which the partners will be encouraged to contribute a share of their pay. No doubt that is good for the banks soul._BTEXT B/BWhen catastrophic floods hit Bangladesh, TNTs emergency-

45、response team was ready. The logistics giant, with headquarters in Amsterdam, has 50 people on standby to intervene anywhere in the world at 48 hours notice. This is part of a five-year-old partnership with the World Food Program (WFP), the UNs agency that fights hunger. The team has attended to som

46、e two dozen emergencies, including the Asian tsunami in 2004. “Were just faster,“ says Ludo Oelrich, the director of TNTs “Moving the World“ program.Emergency help is not TNTs only offering. Volunteers do stints around the world on sec-ondment to WFP and staff are encouraged to raise money for the p

47、rogram (they generated enro2.5m last year). There is knowledge transfer, too: TNT recently improved the school-food supply chain in Liberia, increasing WFPs efficiency by 15-20%, and plans to do the same in Congo.Why does TNT do these things? “People feel this is a company that does more than take c

48、are of the bottom line,“ says Mr. Oelrich. “Its providing a soul to TNT.“ In a 2006 staff survey, 68% said the pro-bono activities made them prouder to work at the company. It also helps with recruitment: three out of four graduates who apply for jobs mention the WFP connection. Last year the company came top in the Dow Jones Sustainability Index.TNTs experience illustrates several trends in corporate philanthropy. First, col