专业八级-205及答案解析.doc

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1、专业八级-205 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SECTION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Greenhouse Effect. 1 of the greenhouse effect A. About 2 of the sunlight reaches the planet“s surface and is reflected upward again as infrared radiation. B. Infrared radiation is absorbed

2、by 3 such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, etc. C. The “greenhouse effect“ helps maintain a 4 temperature on Earth. . Human activities contributing to the greenhouse effect A. Human activities 5 the greenhouse effect by - creating more greenhouse gases. - 6 : fewer trees to balance

3、 gases in the atmosphere. - 7 . . Consequences of the greenhouse effect A. Quick increase of the 8 . B. Significant 9 changes. C. Rising 10 . D. Reduced supplies of 11 . E. Extinction of many 12 . F. Influence on poor people depending on the land G. Spreading of certain vector-borne diseases e. g. m

4、alaria. . Solutions A. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming by reducing dependence on 13 . B. To increase the use of 14 . C. To expand forests. D. To have a/an 15 . （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1

5、:_三、SECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.Father and son.B.Colleagues.C.Former classmates.D.Travel agent and client.A.A general manager.B.Travel agent.C.Former colleagues.D.The internet.A.S.B.South of France.C.Greece.D.Italy.A.Three.B.Two.C.Five.D.Four.A.Short distance from the beach.B.Hav

6、ing breakfast included in the price.C.Charging the lowest price.D.Having an outdoor swimming pool.（分数：20.00）A.Tennis court.B.Massage service.C.Sauna.D.Private coach.A.Because the weather is fine then.B.Because it is cheap to travel in this month.C.Because there“s a film festival on in May.D.Because

7、they can“t wait any longer.A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Modesty.A.Enjoying massage in the hotel.B.Attending the film festival.C.Surfing and swimming.D.Fishing and shopping.A.Three days.B.Two days.C.Four days.D.One day.专业八级-205 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、LISTENING COMPREHENS(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、SEC

8、TION A MINI-LECTU(总题数：1，分数：60.00)Greenhouse Effect. 1 of the greenhouse effect A. About 2 of the sunlight reaches the planet“s surface and is reflected upward again as infrared radiation. B. Infrared radiation is absorbed by 3 such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, etc. C. The “gree

9、nhouse effect“ helps maintain a 4 temperature on Earth. . Human activities contributing to the greenhouse effect A. Human activities 5 the greenhouse effect by - creating more greenhouse gases. - 6 : fewer trees to balance gases in the atmosphere. - 7 . . Consequences of the greenhouse effect A. Qui

10、ck increase of the 8 . B. Significant 9 changes. C. Rising 10 . D. Reduced supplies of 11 . E. Extinction of many 12 . F. Influence on poor people depending on the land G. Spreading of certain vector-borne diseases e. g. malaria. . Solutions A. To reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warm

11、ing by reducing dependence on 13 . B. To increase the use of 14 . C. To expand forests. D. To have a/an 15 . （分数：60.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：Causes）解析： Causes 听力原文 Greenhouse EffectGood morning. Today“s lecture is about the Greenhouse Effect. The “greenhouse effect“ often gets a bad rap because of its assoc

12、iation with global warming, but the truth is we couldn“t live without it. First, I“d like to ask you what causes the greenhouse effect? Life on earth depends on energy from the sun. About 30 percent of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into

13、space. The rest reaches the planet“s surface and is reflected upward again as a type of slow- moving energy called infrared radiation. As it rises, infrared radiation is absorbed by “greenhouse gases“ such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, ozone and methane, which slows its escape from the atmosphere.

14、 Although greenhouse gases make up only about 1 percent of the Earth“s atmosphere, they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet. This phenomenon is what scientists call the “greenhouse effect.“ Without it, scientists estimate that

15、the average temperature on Earth would be colder by approximately 30 degrees Celsius, far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem. Second, we need to clarify the ways humans contribute to the greenhouse effect. While the greenhouse effect is an essential environmental prerequisite for life on Eart

16、h, there really can be too much of a good thing. The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than are necessary to warm the planet to an ideal temperature, for example, burning natural gas, coal and oilinclud

17、ing gasoline for automobile enginesraises the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere; some farming practices and land-use changes increase the levels of methane and nitrous oxide; many factories produce long-lasting industrial gases that do not occur naturally, yet contribute significantly to the

18、 enhanced greenhouse effect and “global warming“ that is currently under way. Beside, deforestation also contributes to global warming. Trees use carbon dioxide and give off oxygen in their place, which helps to create the optimal balance of gases in the atmosphere. As more forests are logged for ti

19、mber or cut down to make way for farming, however, there are fewer trees to perform this critical function. Population growth is another factor in global warming, because as more people use fossil fuels for heat, transportation and manufacturing the level of greenhouse gases continues to increase. A

20、s more farming occurs to feed millions of new people, more greenhouse gases enter the atmosphere. Ultimately, more greenhouse gases mean more infrared radiation trapped and held, which gradually increases the temperature of the Earth“s surface and the air in the lower atmosphere. Thirdly, what are t

21、he possible consequences caused by excessive greenhouse effect? It directly results in quick increase of the average global temperature. Today, the increase in the Earth“s temperature is increasing with unprecedented speed. To understand just how quickly global warming is accelerating, consider this

22、: during the entire 20th century, the average global temperature increased by about 0.6 degrees Celsius while by using computer climate models, scientists estimate that by the year 2100 the average global temperature will increase by 1.4 degrees to 5.8 degrees Celsius, which is rather a big leap fro

23、m the last century. Meanwhile, a majority of the scientists agree that even a small increase in the global temperature would lead to significant climate and weather changes, affecting cloud cover, precipitation, wind patterns, the frequency and severity of storms, and the duration of seasons. Rising

24、 temperatures would raise sea levels as well, reducing supplies of fresh water as flooding occurs along coastlines worldwide and salt water reaches inland. Many of the world“s endangered species would become extinct as rising temperatures changed their habitat. Millions of people would also be affec

25、ted, especially poor people who live in precarious locations or depend on the land for a subsistence living. Certain vector-borne diseases carried by animals or insects, such as malaria, would become more widespread as warmer conditions expanded their range. Finally, we need to ask ourselves what is

26、 being done and what should be done to reduce global warming. Currently, carbon dioxide accounts for more than 60 percent of the enhanced greenhouse effect caused by the increase of greenhouse gases, and the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is increasing by more than 10 percent every 20 yea

27、rs. If emissions of carbon dioxide continue to grow at current rates, then the level of the gas in the atmosphere will likely double, or possibly even triple, from pre-industrial levels during the 21 st century. Therefore, to lessen those long-term effects, many nations, communities and individuals

28、are taking action now to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming by reducing dependence on fossil fuels, increasing the use of renewable energy, expanding forests, and making lifestyle choices that help to sustain the environment. Whether they will be able to recruit enough people to

29、 join them, and whether their combined efforts will be enough to head off the most serious effects of global warming, are open questions that can only be answered by future developments. To conclude today“s lecture, we should say it is not the greenhouse effect itself that directly leads to global w

30、arming and hence the inevitable climate changes, but the human activities that have accelerated the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases. Then, we also discussed the possible consequences caused by excessive greenhouse effect which directly results in quick increase of the average globa

31、l temperature. Subsequently, global warming will lead to significant climate and weather changes, which will in turn influence living beings“ life in a long run. Finally, in order to lessen those long-term effects, a lot of people are now taking action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow glo

32、bal warming by various ways, such as reducing dependence on fossil fuels, increasing the use of renewable energy, expanding forests, etc. 解析 要点题。讲座中说道：First, I“d like to ask you what causes the greenhouse effect?这里的 first是一个重要的信号词，提示下面内容是本讲座谈到的第一个要点，即温室效应的起因。因此答案为 Causes。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：70 percent）解析

33、： 70 percent解析 推断题。讲座相关内容为：About 30 percent of the sunlight that beams toward Earth is deflected by the outer atmosphere and scattered back into space. The rest reaches the planet“s surface.约 30%的阳光经外大气层向外偏转并分散回外太空中，剩下的到达地球表面。就此可以推论约 70%的阳光能到达地球表面。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：greenhouse gases）解析： greenhouse gases

34、解析 细节题。可根据讲座内容.infrared radiation is absorbed by “greenhouse gases“ such as water vapor.直接拷贝入题即可。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：suitable）解析： suitable解析 归总题。讲座中原话为：.they regulate our climate by trapping heat and holding it in a kind of warm-air blanket that surrounds the planet. .Without it, scientists estimate that

35、 the average temperature on Earth would be colder.far too cold to sustain our current ecosystem. 这几句话中的关键信息，如 warm-air blanket, far too cold.current ecosystem，表明如果地球没有温室气体，大气温度就会低到无法适应现有的生态系统，由此可见大自然本身的温室效应有助于地球维持适合生物生存的大气温度。因此答案为suitable/proper/appropriate。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：distort and accelerate）解析：

36、distort and accelerate解析 细节题。可根据讲座中的原话 The problems begin when human activities distort and accelerate the natural process by creating more greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.直接拷贝入题。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：deforestatio）解析： deforestation解析 细节题。讲座中提到 Beside, deforestation also contributes to global warming. 如若

37、没有听清楚 deforestation这个词，也可从题目空格后的补充信息 fewer trees to balance gases in the atmosphere来推断出 deforestation这个词。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：population growth）解析： population growth解析 细节题。可以根据讲座相关内容“Population growth is another factor in global warming, because as more people use fossil fuels.”直接拷贝入题。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：avera

38、ge global temperature）解析： average global temperature解析 细节题。可从讲座中提到的 It directly results in quick increase of the average global temperature. 得出答案是 average global temperature。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：climate and weather）解析： climate and weather解析 细节题。讲座相关内容是：.a majority of the scientists agree that even a small

39、 increase in the global temperature would lead to significant climate and weather changes，可见全球气温升高会导致巨大的气候与天气变化。因此答案为 climate and weather。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：sea levels）解析： sea levels解析 细节题。演讲者在讨论温室效应后果时提到：Rising temperatures would raise sea levels as well.所以可把 sea levels这一词组直接拷贝入题。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：fresh w

40、ater）解析： fresh water解析 细节题。根据讲座内容“.reducing supplies of fresh water as flooding occurs along coastlines worldwide and salt water reaches inland. ”可知答案为 flesh water淡水。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：endangered species）解析： endangered species解析 细节题。可从讲座原文 Many of the world“s endangered species would become extinct as r

41、ising temperatures changed their habitat. 直接拷贝入题。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：fossil fuels）解析： fossil fuels解析 细节题。讲座中提到：to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming by reducing dependence on fossil fuels，可见减少温室气体排放的关键还是要减少对 fossil fuel(化石燃料)的依赖。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：renewable energy）解析： renewable energy解析

42、细节题。讲座提到一条应对温室效应很重要的方法就是使用可再生能源：reduce greenhouse gas emissions and slow global warming by reducing dependence on fossil fuels, increasing the use of renewable energy，因此答案为 renewable energy。 填空项 1:_ （正确答案：environment-friendly lifestyle）解析： environment-friendly lifestyle解析 归总题。讲座中契合该题的内容只有.making lif

43、estyle choices that help to sustain the environment. 这一小段话语，但是如何使原话中的lifestyle choices that help to sustain the environment变成一个简练的名词性短语呢?原话含义是提倡人们选择有助于维护环境的生活方式，显然这种生活方式应该有益于保护环境，因此这里的关键词还是 environment，我们对其进行词性转换和语义重构就能得 environment-friendly这个词，根据题意可以填入 environment-friendly lifestyle这个名词性词组作为答案。 三、S

44、ECTION B CONVERSATI(总题数：2，分数：40.00)（分数：20.00）A.Father and son.B.Colleagues.C.Former classmates. D.Travel agent and client.解析：听力原文 J: Hi Paul. P: Hello John. J: Did you enjoy Bob“s party the other night? P: Yes I did. It was really nice to see everyone again after all these years. I could hardly reco

45、gnize Nancy. She used to be such a tomboy. Now she is so beautiful and elegant. J: As the old saying goes: A girl changes fast and becomes beautiful. You know she has married a general manager who owns a large real estate company in the US. P: Really? But she deserves it. She used to be very intelli

46、gent. J: James must feel sorry to hear it. He and she used to be good friends in our class. P: I know what you mean. J: Anyway, what about that holiday we were talking about? Do you still want to go ahead with it? P: You bet I do! I“ve been very busy at work and I really need a break. You know, just

47、 lie in the sun and relax. Maybe read a book or two. J: Are you kidding? I was thinking about something more active. You know, maybe do some sightseeing or swimming. Maybe even some surfing if you“re up to it. P: I think I could be persuaded. Yes, why not? Surfing sounds like fun to me. But where ha

48、d you got in mind? The destination, I mean. J: Well I called into the travel agent this morning and picked up some brochures. Here, take a look. I“ve got one on the South of France which looks really nice. Or there“s Italy if you fancy some culture. Or, of course, there“s Greece. P: Greece sounds good. I haven“t been there before. Look at that