职称英语综合类B级真题2016年及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语综合类 B 级真题 2016 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.All houses within 100 metres of the seas are at risk of flooding.（分数：1.00）A.in dangerB.out of controlC.between equalsD.in particular2.The course gives you basic instruction in car maintenance.（分数：1.00）A.ideaB.termC.aspect

2、D.coaching3.We are aware of the potential problems.（分数：1.00）A.possibleB.globalC.ongoingD.central4.Stock market price tumbled after rumor of a rise in interest rate.（分数：1.00）A.regulatedB.increasedC.fellD.maintained5.The revelation of his past led to his resignation.（分数：1.00）A.imaginationB.confirmatio

3、nC.recallD.disclosure6.The details of the costume were totally authentic .（分数：1.00）A.realB.outstandingC.creativeD.false7.The new garment fits her perfectly.（分数：1.00）A.haircutB.purseC.clothesD.necklace8.We are worried about this fluid situation full with uncertainty.（分数：1.00）A.stableB.suitableC.chang

4、eableD.adaptable9.The idea quite brilliant .（分数：1.00）A.positiveB.keyC.originalD.clever10.They have built canals to irrigate the desert.（分数：1.00）A.decorateB.changeC.waterD.visit11.Her overall language proficiency remains that of a toddler .（分数：1.00）A.disabledB.pupilC.babyD.teenager12.The coastal area

5、 has very mild winter, but the central plains remain extremely cold.（分数：1.00）A.warmB.severeC.hardD.dry13.The phobia may have its root in a childhood trauma .（分数：1.00）A.fearB.joyC.hurtD.memory14.You“ll have to sprint if you want to catch the train.（分数：1.00）A.jumpB.runC.escapeD.prepare15.Jensen is a d

6、angerous man, and can be very brutal .（分数：1.00）A.carelessB.strongC.cruelD.hard二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Time to Stop Traveling by AirTwenty-five years ago a young British man called Mark Ellingham decided that he wanted a change of scenery. So he went to Australia, stopping off in many countries i

7、n between. He also decided to write about the experience and produced a guide for other travelers making similar journeys. In 1970, British airports were used by 32 million people. In 2004, the figure was 216 million. In 2030, according to government forecasts, it will be around 500 million. It“s a

8、growth driven by the emergence of low cost airlines, offering access to all parts of the world for less than 100. This has made a huge contribution to global warming. One return flight from Britain to the US produces the same carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) as a year“s motoring (驾车). A return flight to Austra

9、lia equals the emissions (排放) of three average cars for a year. And the pollution is released at a height where its effect on climate change is more than double that on the ground. Mark Ellingham built his business on helping people travel. Now he wants to help people stopat least by air. He is call

10、ing for 100 green tax on all flights to Europe and Africa, and 250 on flights to the rest of the world. He also wants investment to create a low-carbon economy, as well as a halt to airport expansion. Mark Ellingham“s commitment is important because his readers aren“t just the sort of young and adve

11、nturous people who would happily jump on a plane to spend a weekend exploring a foreign culture. They are also the sort of people who say they care about the environment. It“s a debate that splits people down the middle. The tourist industry has responded by offering offsetting (补偿) schemes. A small

12、 increase in the price of a ticket is used to plant trees. But critics say that it is not enough to just be carbon neutral. We should be actively cutting back on putting greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. And for the average person, making a plane journey will be his or her largest contribution t

13、o global warming. It may be good to repair the damage we do. But surely it is better not to do the damage in the first place.（分数：7.00）(1).Mark Ellingham spent quite a few days in China on his way to Australia 25 years ago.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Traveling from Britain to any other

14、part of the world may cost you less than 100.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).A round trip flight from Britain to Australia produces the same amount of carbon dioxide as three average cars do in a year.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Mark Ellingham has never hesitated to encourage

15、 people to travel by air.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Mark Ellingham“s readers are not interested in environmental protection.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Critics argue that the best way to protect our environment is not to do any damage to it.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not m

16、entioned(7).Mark Ellingham will collaborate with the critics in his efforts to fight global warming.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Tunguska Event1 A hundred years ago this week, a gigantic explosion ripped (撕裂) open the dawn sky above a forest in western Siber

17、ia, leaving a scientific riddle that endures to this day. 2 A dazzling light pierced the heavens, followed by a shock wave as strong as 1,000 atomic bombs. The explosion flattened 80 million trees across an area of 2,000 square kilometers. The fireball was so great that, a day later, Londoners could

18、 read their newspapers under the night sky. What caused the so-call Tunguska Event, named after the nearby Podkamennaya Tunguska river, still remains a mystery. 3 Experts suspect it was a rock that, after traveling in space for millions of years, was destined to crash to Earth at exactly 7:17 a. m o

19、n June 30, 1908. This possibility worries scientists. “Imagine an unspotted asteroid (小行星) hitting a significant chunk (块) of land.and imagine if that area, unlike Tunguska, were populated,“ the British science journal Nature commented recently. 4 But no fragments of the “rock“ have ever been found.

20、 Finding such evidence would be important, for it would increase our knowledge about the risk posed by dangerous Near Earth Objects (NEOs), say Italian researchers Luca Gasperini, Enrico Bonatti and Giuseppe Longo. When the next Tunguska NEO approaches, scientists will have to decide whether to try

21、to deflect (使偏转) it or blow it up in space. 5 However, several rival theories for the Tunguska Event exist. Wolfgang Kundt, a professor at Germany“s Bonn University, believes the Tunguska Event was caused by a massive escape of 10 million tons of methane (甲烷)-rich gas from deep within earth“s crust.

22、 Some people hold that the explosion was caused by an alien spaceship crash, or a black hole in the universe.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Competing Explanations B. Unknown Attacks C. Mysterious Explosion D. Star War E. Importance of Finding Evidence F. Explanation that Worries Scientists（分数：1.00）(2

23、).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).The gigantic explosion that occurred a hundred years ago 1. A. has remained a puzzle B. lacks sufficient evidence C. is a university professor D. was generated by the explosion E. will kill many animals F. arc attacked b

24、y aliens（分数：1.00）(6).The shock wave which followed the dazzling light 1.（分数：1.00）(7).The hypothesis that the explosion was caused by a rock colliding with the Earth 1.（分数：1.00）(8).Wolfgang Kundt, who has developed an alternative theory, 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Spo

25、rts Star Yao MingIf Yao Ming is not the biggest sports star in the world, he is almost certainly the tallest. At 2.26m, he is the tallest player in the National Basketball Association (NBA) and holds the record as the most towering Olympian ever to compete in the Games. But what really stands out ab

26、out the giant center is his celebrity (名气). Few, if any, Chinese athletes are as well-known as Yao around the world. People across the globe are fascinated with Yao, not only for his basketball prowess (杰出的才能) but also for being a symbol of international commerce. When Yao joined the Houston Rockets

27、 as the No. 1 pick in the 2002 NBA draft (选拔), he was the first international player ever to be selected first. His assets on the court are clear enoughno NBA player of his size has ever possessed his mobility, so he is a handful (难对付的人) for opponents on either end of the court. But what makes Yao i

28、nvaluable to the Rockets organization is his role as a global citizen and as a bridge to millions of potential basketball fans in China. When it was announced in February that Yao would miss the rest of the NBA season and possibly the Olympics with a stress fracture (骨折) in his left foot, a collecti

29、ve shudder (震动) spread across China. After considerable debate and discussion, Yao opted to get his foot surgically treated in an operation that placed several tiny screws across the bone, to offer his overburdened foot more support. The surgery was a success, and though the estimated four-month rec

30、overy period will leave him little time to prepare with Team China, Yao has vowed to be ready for the Beijing Olympics. Yao wrapped up a 10-day trip to China, where he underwent a series of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatments, hoping to accelerate his recovery process. Western experts are

31、generally skeptical of TCM“s benefits, although new research from the University of Rochester suggests that a certain compound derived from shellfish may indeed stimulate bone repair. “There is no reason to dismiss TCM,“ Yao told a press conference in Beijing. “It“s been used in our country for thou

32、sands of years. I don“t think that it“s short on science.“（分数：15.00）(1).The word “towering“ in Paragraph 1 means _.（分数：3.00）A.largeB.fatC.tallD.great(2).Opponents find it very difficult to control Yao Ming because of his _.（分数：3.00）A.mobilityB.assaultC.defenseD.celebrity(3).Yao Ming had to undergo a

33、 series of TCM treatments because _.（分数：3.00）A.his right foot had been hurtingB.he wanted to make a more rapid recoveryC.the surgical operation had been a failureD.he couldn“t afford all the medical expenses(4).Which statement about Yao Ming is NOT true?（分数：3.00）A.He missed the Athens Olympics.B.He

34、is an NBA player.C.He fractured his left foot.D.He is an international figure.(5).In general, the Western experts“ attitude towards TCM is _.（分数：3.00）A.indifferentB.positiveC.negativeD.doubtful六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Medicine Award Kicks off Nobel Prize AnnouncementsTwo scientists who have won praise f

35、or research into the growth of cancer cells could be candidates for the Nobel Prize in medicine when the 2008 winners are presented on Monday, kicking off six days of Nobel announcements. Australian-born US citizen Elizabeth Blackburn and American Carol Greider have already won a series of medical h

36、onors for their enzyme (酶) research and experts say they could be among the front-runners for a Nobel. Among the pair“s possible rivals are Frenchman Pierre Chambon and Americans Ronald Evans and Elwood Jensen, who opened up the field of studying proteins called nuclear hormone receptors (受体). As us

37、ual, the tight-lipped award committee is giving no hints about who is in the running before presenting its decision in a news conference at Stockholm“s Karolinska Institute. Alfred Nobel, the Swede who invented dynamite (炸), established the prizes in his will in the categories of medicine, physics,

38、chemistry, literature and peace. The economics prize is technically not a Nobel but a 1968 creation of Sweden“s central bank. Nobel left few instructions on how to select winners, but medicine winners are typically awarded for a specific breakthrough rather than a body of research. Hans Jornvall, se

39、cretary of the medicine prize committee, said the 10 million kronor (瑞典克朗) (US $1.3 million) prize encourages groundbreaking research but he did not think winning it was the primary, goal for scientists. “Individual researchers probably don“t look at themselves as potential Nobel Prize winners when

40、they“re at work,“ Jornvall told The Associated Press. “They get their kicks from their research and their interest in how life functions.“ In 2006, Blackburn, of the University of California, San Francisco, and Greider, of Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, shared the Lasker prize for basic medi

41、cal research with Jack Szostak of Harvard Medical School. Their work set the stage for research suggesting that cancer cells use telomerase (端粒酶) to sustain (维持) their uncontrolled growth.（分数：15.00）(1).Who is most unlikely to win the Nobel Prize in medicine?（分数：3.00）A.Elizabeth Blackburn.B.Carol Gre

42、ider.C.Hans Jornvall.D.Pierre Chambon.(2).Which is NOT true of Alfred Nobel?（分数：3.00）A.He was from Sweden.B.He invented dynamite.C.He established the Nobel Prizes in his will.D.He left clear instructions on how to select winners.(3).Originally the Nobel Prizes did NOT include _.（分数：3.00）A.the medici

43、ne prizeB.the literature prizeC.the peace prizeD.the economics prize(4).The word “kicks“ in Paragraph 8 probably means _.（分数：3.00）A.enjoymentB.moneyC.respectD.knowledge(5).Telomerase may play a key role in _.（分数：3.00）A.the unchecked growth of cancer cellsB.the killing of cancer cellsC.the division o

44、f normal cellsD.the transmission of viruses七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Ethnic Tensions in BelgiumBelgium has given the world Audrey Hepburn, Ren Magritte (surrealist artist), the saxophone (萨克斯管) and deep-fried potato chips that are somehow called French. But the story behind this flat, twice-Beijing-size

45、country is of a bad marriage between two nationalities living together that cannot stand each other. With no new government, more than a hundred days after a general election, rumors run wild that the country is about to disappear. “We are two different nations, an artificial state. With nothing in

46、common except a king, chocolate and beer,“ said Filip Dewinter, the leader of the Flemish Bloc, the extreme-right Flemish party. Radical Flemish separatists like Mr Dewinter want to divide the country horizontally along ethnic and economic lines: to the north, Flanderswhere Dutch (known locally as F

47、lemish) is spoken and money is increasingly made; to the south, French-speaking Wallonia, where today old factories dominate the landscape. The area of present-day Belgium passed to the French in the 18th century. Following the defeat of Napoleon in 1815, Belgium was given to the kingdom of the Neth

48、erlands, from which it gained independence as a separate kingdom in 1830. Since then, it has struggled for cohesion (结合). Anyone who has spoken French in a Flemish city quickly gets a sense of the mutual hostility that is part of daily life there. But there are reasons Belgium is likely to stay toge

49、ther, at least in the short term. The economies of the two regions are tightly linked, and separation would be a financial nightmare. But there is also deep resentment in F1anders that its much healthier economy must subsidize (补贴) the south, where unemployment is double that of the north. French speakers in the south, meanwhile, favor the status quo (现状). Belgium has made it through previous threats of division. Although some political analysts believe this one is different, there is no panic just now. “We must not worry too much,“ said Baudouin Brug