职称英语卫生类B级模拟85及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语卫生类 B 级模拟 85 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Colleges and universities usually give diplomas or certificates to students who complete course requirements adequately .（分数：1.00）A.responsiblyB.sufficientlyC.patientlyD.successfully2.A great deal has been done to remedy the

2、 situation.（分数：1.00）A.maintainB.improveC.assessD.protect3.Susan is looking for the dictionary, which she lost yesterday.（分数：1.00）A.findingB.looking upC.looking atD.trying to find4.He often mocks my French accent.（分数：1.00）A.praiseB.belittleC.markD.laugh at5.Only a small minority of the mentally ill a

3、re liable to harm themselves or others.（分数：1.00）A.easyB.possibleC.likelyD.difficult6.Everyone said he was a decent sort of guy.（分数：1.00）A.honestB.richC.good-lookingD.high-ranking7.In 1861, it seemed inevitable that the Southern states would break away from the Union.（分数：1.00）A.strangeB.certainC.inco

4、nsistentD.proper8.Can we resume the meeting?（分数：1.00）A.stopB.beginC.startD.continue9.Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.（分数：1.00）A.heldB.increasedC.expectedD.offered10.Gambling is lawful in Nevada.（分数：1.00）A.enjoyableB.profitableC.legalD.irresistible11.After seeing some

5、 of Louis Kahn“s architectural plans, Jonas Salk asked him to build a laboratory in La Jolla, California.（分数：1.00）A.permittedB.wantedC.requestedD.hired12.The sea was calm and still .（分数：1.00）A.quiteB.quietC.yetD.rough13.Charges for local telephone calls are outrageous .（分数：1.00）A.unheard ofB.unaccep

6、tableC.unbelievableD.ridiculous14.The police contended that the difficulties they faced were too severe.（分数：1.00）A.arguedB.predictedC.saidD.suggested15.The manager allocates duties to the clerks.（分数：1.00）A.assignB.persuadeC.askD.order二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Stomach UlcerStomach ulcers are the ca

7、use of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers, but they could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the popula

8、tion will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people. Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomach, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intes

9、tines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach. This pain is often called heart burn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes som

10、e people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that stomach ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered that most stomach ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hill

11、ico Bactor Pilorie or HPillorie. HPillorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for stomach ulcers can save thousands of millions of dollars in medical c

12、osts. They also believe curing stomach ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and parts of Africa. Doctors say a person is more likely to get an stomach ulcer if his or her family has had one.

13、 In fact, a person with the family history of stomach ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an stomach ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in the stomach. To do this, doct

14、ors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.（分数：7.00）(1).In the past, doctors could not do anything about stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Now doctors can successfully cure stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.Ri

15、ghtB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Doctors have discovered a cause of stomach ulcers after many years of experiments.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).There has been a change

16、 in doctors“ understanding of the cause of stomach ulcer.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Stomach ulcer can lead to stomach cancer.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).People who eat a lot of spicy food are susceptible to stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括

17、大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Ebola Outbreak1 You are likely aware that several countries in West Africa are battling an Ebola outbreak. Ebola is a dangerous and often lethal viral infection. Scientists believe that humans contracted the virus by eating the meat of rare animals. It is now believed that bats

18、 are the primary carriers of the virus. 2 To date, there are only three major countries in West Africa experiencing a major outbreak: Sierra Leone, Liberia and Guinea. However, other countries such as Nigeria have reported confirmed cases of Ebola within their borders. 3 Unless you recently visited

19、one of the three affected West countries, your risk of contracting the virus is virtually zero. Unlike other recent airborne virus outbreaks like SARS, the Ebola virus can only be spread through direct contact with an infected person. Specifically, Ebola is spread through contact with body fluids. T

20、hough the virus is transmittable, only an infected person exhibiting symptoms is communicable. 4 The signs and symptoms of Ebola are non-specific and patients typically exhibit them after a week of contracting the virus. Symptoms may appear as early as two days or as late as three weeks after initia

21、l infection. Symptoms include disgust, weakness and stomach pain. More uncommon symptoms include chest pain, bleeding and sore throat. 5 Ebola is devastating because of its ability to attack and replicate in every, organ of the body. This causes an overstimulation of the body“s inflammatory response

22、, causing the flu-like symptoms. The virus also causes bleeding and impairs the body“s normal clotting mechanism (凝血机制), making bleeding even more severe. Loss of blood volume and decreased organ perfusion (器官灌注) ultimately lead to organ failure and death. 6 The current outbreak is the deadliest vir

23、al outbreak in over 35 years. While diseases such as the malaria (疟疾) are far more communicable, Ebola is one of the world“s most fatal viral infections. Ebola“s fatality rate exceeds that of SARS.（分数：8.00）(1).A. Am I at risk of contracting the virus? B. Is the current outbreak the deadliest? C. How

24、 do I know if I have contracted the virus? D. What areas are currently affected? E. What exactly does Ebola do to the body? F. What caused the Ebola outbreak? Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).A. infected body fluids B. against th

25、e outbreak severity C. the mode of transmission D. the initial days of being infected E. three countries in West Africa F. within a wide range of days The initial Ebola outbreak was found in 1.（分数：1.00）(6).The difference between SARS and Ebola viruses lies in 1.（分数：1.00）(7).The symptoms of the patie

26、nts after being infected may first appear 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The Ebola virus transmits by contact with 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Physical ExerciseDeclaring that physical exercise is one of the most powerful medicines to help improve our quality of life is not an exagger

27、ation. The World Health Organization expressed the same view in its 2002 World Heath Report, emphasizing that the damage produced by lack of physical activity was equal to the strong probability of serious illness such as heart disease and even some kinds of cancer. Those who have embraced an active

28、 lifestyle for years are familiar with the sort of physical and psychological benefits that come from exercise. Nevertheless a lot of people would never think of physical activity as a way of feeling better, simply because they don“t think they are in need of it, or because they are lazy or maintain

29、 that they haven“t got enough time. There are many positive effects that result from physical exercise and they are not only concerned with the physical aspects but also psychological and social ones. Beginning with the physical benefits, physical activity improves the life of the heart, burns off f

30、at, lowers high blood pressure, makes tissues more resistant, and increases muscle flexibility and joint mobility. On a psychological level, physical activity helps reduce anxiety and stress by causing tension to disappear and by encouraging us to have a better sense of ourselves through listening t

31、o our bodies during movement. Lastly, seeing ourselves in better health is advantageous socially. The sense of satisfaction thus obtained will result in an increase of self-respect and serf-confidence in terms of our ability to interact with others. The benefits linked to exercise have also not gone

32、 unnoticed in the business world, with more and more companies setting up gyms on-site. Employees“ improved health translates into better performance and reduced costs as well as an increase in people“s satisfaction in the workplace. Physical activity is recommended for all age groups, including chi

33、ldren. It is an important growth factor in a child“s education. And for the elderly? There is no doubt that regular physical activity allows greater efficiency in daily life as well as creating more basic independence day by day, including the possibility of keeping in touch with others and not feel

34、ing isolated.（分数：15.00）(1).The writer regards physical exercise as a strong medicine because _.（分数：3.00）A.the WHO holds the viewB.it helps improve the quality of lifeC.the lack of it equals serious illnessD.it enables people to live longer(2).Many people do not engage in physical exercise mainly bec

35、ause _.（分数：3.00）A.they are not aware of its benefitsB.they don“t have the facilitiesC.they don“t think they need itD.they are physically unfit for it(3).According to the passage, physical exercise can make people _.（分数：3.00）A.stronger and more intelligentB.more intelligent and more open-mindedC.more

36、 open-minded and healthierD.healthier and stronger(4).Physical exercise is socially beneficial because _.（分数：3.00）A.it gives people competitive advantageB.it helps people reduce anxietyC.it enables employees to work better for their companyD.it makes people confident in dealing with others(5).Accord

37、ing to the passage, regular physical exercise can make old people _.（分数：3.00）A.better able to look after themselvesB.look younger than they really areC.less likely to suffer from diseasesD.more aggressive in their interaction with others六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Obesity: the Scourge of the Western WorldO

38、besity is rapidly becoming a new scourge of the western world, delegates agreed at the 11th European Conference on the issue in Vienna Wednesday to Saturday. According to statements before the opening of the conferenceof 2,000 specialists from more than 50 countries1.2 billion people worldwide are o

39、verweight, and 250 million are obese. Professor Bernhard Ludvik of Vienna General Hospital said: “Obesity is a chronic illness. In Germany, 20 percent of the people are already affected, but in Japan only one percent.“ But he said that there was hope for sufferers thanks to the new scientific discov

40、eries and medication. Professor Friedrich Hopichler of Salzberg said. “We are living in the new age (but) with the metabolism of a stone-age man.“ “I have just been to the United States. It is really terrible. A pizza shop is springing up on every corner. We have been overrun by fast food and Coca-C

41、ola-ization.“ Many of the experts stressed that obesity was a potential killer. Hopichler said: “80 percent of all diabetics are obese, also 50 percent of all patients with high blood pressure and 50 percent with adipose tissue complaints.“ “10 percent more weight means 13 percent more risk of heart

42、 disease. Reducing one“s weight by 10 percent leads to 13 percent lower blood pressure.“ Another expert Hermann Toplak said that the state health services should improve their financing of preventive programs. “Though the health insurance pays for surgery (such as reducing the size of the stomach) w

43、hen the body-mass index is more than 40. That is equivalent to a weight of 116 kilograms for a height of 1.70 meters. One should start earlier.“ Ludvik said that prevention should begin in school. “Child obesity (fat deposits) correlates with the time which children spend in front of TV sets.“ The c

44、onsequences were only apparent later on. No more than 15 percent of obese people lived to the average life expectancy for their population group.（分数：15.00）(1).It is estimated that there are _ people suffering from obesity in the world.（分数：3.00）A.250,000,000B.1,200,000,000C.1,450,000,000D.950,000,000

45、(2).It seems that the _ people are least affected by obesity among the developed countries and areas mentioned in the passage.（分数：3.00）A.EuropeanB.GermanC.AmericanD.Japanese(3).Which of the following is most often accompanied by obesity?（分数：3.00）A.High blood pressure.B.Fatty tissue complaints.C.Diab

46、etes.D.Stomach-ache.(4).What is the correlation between body weight and heart disease and blood pressure?（分数：3.00）A.10 percent less body weight means 10 percent less risk of heart disease and high blood pressure.B.13 percent more body weight means 10 percent more risk of heart disease and high blood

47、 pressure.C.The more body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and high blood pressure he has.D.The less body weight one gains, the more risk of heart disease and the less risk of high blood pressure he has.(5).From Paragraph 6 we may infer that one of the effective measures suggested by

48、 Ludvik to prevent children from being obese would be _.（分数：3.00）A.not to permit them to watch TV at allB.to tell them to spend less time watching TVC.to turn off TV when they are in front of TV setsD.to calculate accurately the time that a child spends watching TV七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)More Than a Ri

49、de to SchoolThe National Education Association claims, “The school bus is a mirror of the community.“ They further add that, unfortunately, what appears on the exterior does not always reflect the reality of a chosen community. They are right-sometimes it reflects more! Just ask Liesl Denson. Riding the school bus has been more than a ride to school for Liesl. Bruce Hardy, school bus driver for Althouse Bus Company has been Liesl“s bus driver since kindergarten. Last year when Liesl“s family moved to Parkesburg, knowing her bus went by her new residenc