职称英语理工类B级模拟61及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 B级模拟 61及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful articles in the market.（分数：1.00）A.batteriesB.bargainsC.basketsD.barrels2.In previous times, when fresh meat was inadequate , pigeons were k

2、ept by many households as a source of food.（分数：1.00）A.in short storeB.in short provisionC.in short reserveD.in short supply3.The tomato juice left a brown stain on the front of my jacket.（分数：1.00）A.trackB.traceC.spotD.point4.A peculiarly pointed chin is his most memorable facial characteristic .（分数：

3、1.00）A.markB.featureC.traceD.appearance5.Professor Taylor“s talk has indicated that science has a very strong influence on the everyday life of non-scientists as well as scientists.（分数：1.00）A.motivationB.perspectiveC.impressionD.impact6.I catch a cold now and then .（分数：1.00）A.alwaysB.occasionallyC.c

4、onstantlyD.regularly7.Housewives who do not go out to work often feel they are not working to their full ability .（分数：1.00）A.capacityB.strengthC.lengthD.possibility8.The newspaper did not mention the degree of the damage caused by the fire.（分数：1.00）A.rangeB.levelC.extentD.quantity9.Shelly had prepar

5、ed carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first endeavor .（分数：1.00）A.intentionB.attemptC.purposeD.desire10.The manager got angry just because his secretary was ten minutes late.（分数：1.00）A.lost his moodB.lost his temperC.lost his mindD.lost his passion11.

6、They bought the land in order to build a new office block.（分数：1.00）A.with a purpose toB.with a view toC.with a goal toD.with a reason to12.Please give my best wishes to your family.（分数：1.00）A.noticeB.attentionC.regardsD.cares13.A complete change in policy is needed if relations are ever to improve.（

7、分数：1.00）A.strictB.wideC.everD.radical14.She can speak French and German, let alone English.（分数：1.00）A.to say nothing ofB.to speak nothing ofC.to talk nothing ofD.to tell nothing of15.At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide scope of topics they were interested in.（分数：1.00）A.extentB.

8、numberC.collectionD.range二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Look After Your VoiceOften speakers at a meeting experience dry mouths and ask for a glass of water. You can solve the problem by activating the saliva(唾液) in your mouth. First gently bite the edges of your tongue with your teeth. Or, press your en

9、tire tongue to the bottom of your mouth and hold it there until the saliva flows. Or you can imagine that you are slicing a big juicy lemon and sucking the juice. Before you begin your talk, be kind to your voice, Avoid milk or creamy drinks which dry your throat. Keep your throat wet by drinking a

10、little sweetened warm tea or diluted(稀释的) fruit juice. If you sense that you are losing your voice, stop talking completely. In the meantime, do not even talk in a low voice. Save your voice for your health. You may feel foolish using paper to write notes, but the best thing you can do is to rest yo

11、ur voice. If it is necessary, perhaps you can get some advice from a professional singer. What about drinking alcohol to wet your throat? I advice you not to touch alcohol before speaking. The problem with alcohol is that one drink gives you a little confidence. The second drink gives you even more

12、confidence. Finally you will feel all-powerful and you will feel you can do everything, but in fact your brain and your mouth do not work together properly. Save the alcohol until after you finish speaking. Perhaps you want to accept the advice, but you may wonder if you can ever change the habits o

13、f a lifetime. Of course you can. Goethe, who lived before indoor skating rinks or swimming pools, said, “We learn to skate in the summer and swim in the winter“. Take this message to heart and give yourself time to develop your new habits. If you are willing to change, you will soon be able to say t

14、hat you will never forget these techniques because they became a part of your body.（分数：7.00）(1).To solve the problem of dry mouths, one is advised to take cool milk.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The first paragraph mentions three ways of activating the saliva in the mouth.（分数：1.00）A.Righ

15、tB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).The writer suggests that you go to see a doctor when you feel you are losing your voice.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).The writer“s advice about alcohol before you make a speech is to take one or two drinks so as to give yourself some confidence.（分数：1.00）A.Right

16、B.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Due to the effect of alcohol, your thought and your mouth will not coordinate properly.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Goethe often did outdoor skating and swimming.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).The writer cites Goethe to prove that one can change one“

17、s habits.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The Weight ExperimentNicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a “calorimeter“ (热量测量试) is one way to find out. 1. The s

18、igns above the two rooms read simply “Chamber One“ and “Chamber Two“. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads “Please do not enterwork in progress“ and in front of the rooms advanced m

19、achinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer. 2. Nicola Walters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calori

20、meter. Tall and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. As a self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advert for Volunteers at her local gym and as she

21、is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out. 3. The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks. She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of

22、 the four mornings and from then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was noted too, her daily exercise routine, timed to the last second. At regular intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and samples were taken for analysis. 4. The sc

23、ientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. “The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,“ says Nieola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled (踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by

24、 researchers to make sure she didn“t go too fast. 5. It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the

25、 researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 1 A. What does the calorimeter look like inside? B. What program was designed for the experiment? C. What is a calorimeter? D. What

26、is the first impression? E. How do the volunteers kill the time? F. Why did Nicola loin in the experiments?（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 2 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.00）(5).The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything 1. A. the volunteers do B. because she does

27、not have a weight problem C. because the life there can be very boring D. make people overeat E. because she was her own boss F. after passing a high-protein test（分数：1.00）(6).Nicola Walters had time for the experiments 1.（分数：1.00）(7).Volunteers have to get prepared for the time in the calorimeter 1.

28、（分数：1.00）(8).The experiments show that high-fat diets 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Electronic MailDuring the past few years, scientists all over the world have suddenly found themselves productively engaged in task they once spent their lives avoidingwriting, any kind o

29、f writing, but particularly letter writing. Encouraged by electronic mail“s surprisingly high speed, convenience and economy, people who never before touched the stuff are regularly, skillfully, even cheerfully tapping out a great deal of correspondence. Electronic networks, woven into the fabric of

30、 scientific communication these days, are the route to colleagues in distant countries, shared data, bulletin boards and electronic journals. Anyone with a personal computer, a modern and the software to link computers over telephone lines can sign on. An estimated five million scientists have done

31、so with more joining every day, most of them communicating through a bundle of interconnected domestic and foreign routes known collectively as the Internet, or net. E-mail is starting to edge out the fax, the telephone, overnight mail, and of course, land mail. It shrinks time and distance between

32、scientific collaborators, in part because it is conveniently asynchronous (异步的) (Writer can type while their colleagues across time zones sleep; their message will be waiting.). If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication. Jeremy Bernstein, the physicist and sci

33、ence writer, once called E-mail the physicist“s umbilical cord (脐带). Later other people, too, have been discovering its connective virtues. Physicists are using it; college students are using it; everybody is using it; and as a sign that it has come of age, the New Yorker has celebrated its liberati

34、ng presence with a cartoonan appreciative dog seated at a keyboard, saying happily, “On the Internet, nobody knows you“re a dog.“（分数：15.00）(1).The reasons given below about the popularity of E-mail can be found in the passage except _.（分数：3.00）A.direct and reliableB.time-saving in delivery.C.money-s

35、avingD.available at any time(2).How is the Internet or net explained in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Electronic routes used to fax or correspond overnight.B.Electronic routes used to read home and international journals.C.Electronic routes waiting for correspondence while one is sleeping.D.Electronic rout

36、es connected among millions of users home and abroad.(3).What does the sentence “If it is not yet speeding discoveries, it is certainly accelerating communication“ most probably mean?（分数：3.00）A.The quick speed of correspondence may have ill effects on discoveries.B.Although it does not speed up corr

37、espondence, it helps make discoveries.C.It quickens mutual communication even if it does not accelerate discoveries.D.It shrinks time for communication and accelerates discoveries.(4).Why is a dog sitting before a computer keyboard in a cartoon published by New Yorkers?（分数：3.00）A.Even dogs are inter

38、ested in the computer.B.E-mail has become very popular.C.Dogs are liberated from their usual duties.D.E-mail deprives dogs of their owners“ love.(5).What will happen to fax, land mail, overnight mail, etc. according to the writer?（分数：3.00）A.Their functions cannot be replaced by E-mail.B.They will co

39、-exist with E-mail for a long time.C.Less and less people will use them.D.They will play a supplementary function to E-mail.六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)The first navigational lights in the New World were probably lighthouses hung at harbor entrances. The first lighthouse was put up by the Massachusetts Bay

40、 Colony in 1716 on Little Brewster Island at the entrance to Boston Harbor. Paid for and maintained by “light dues“ levied (征收) on ships, the original beacon was blown up in 1776. Until then there were only a dozen or so true lighthouses in the colonies. Little over a century later, there were 700 l

41、ighthouses. The first eight lighthouses erected on the West Coast in the 1850s featured the same basic New England design: a Cape Cod dwelling with the tower rising from the center or standing close by. In New England and elsewhere, though, lighthouses reflected a variety of architectural styles. Si

42、nce most stations in the Northeast were set up on rocky eminences (高处), enormous towers were not the rule. Some were made of stone and brick, others of wood or metal. Some stood on pilings or stilts; some were fastened to rock with iron rods. Farther south, from Maryland through the Florida Keys, th

43、e coast was low and sandy. It was often necessary to build tall towers theremassive structures like the majestic lighthouse in Cape Hatteras, North Carolina, which was lit in 1870. 190 feet high, it is the tallest brick lighthouse in the country. Not withstanding differences in construction appearan

44、ce, most lighthouses in America shared several features: a light, living quarters, and sometimes a bell (or, later, a foghorn). They also had something else in common: a keeper and usually the keeper“s family. The keeper“s essential task was trimming the lantern wick (灯芯) in order to maintain a stea

45、dy, bright flame. The earliest keepers came from every walk of life, they were seamen, farmers, mechanics, rough mill hands and appointments were often handed out by local customs commissioners as political plums. After the administration of lighthouse was taken over in 1852 by the United States Lig

46、hthouse Board, and agency of the Treasury Department, the keeper corps gradually became highly professional.（分数：15.00）(1).Which is the best title for the passage?（分数：3.00）A.The Lighthouse on Little Brewster Island.B.The Life of a Lighthouse Keeper.C.Early Lighthouses in the United States.D.The Moder

47、n Profession of Lighthouse-keeping.(2).Why does the author mention the Massachusetts Bay Colony?（分数：3.00）A.It was the headquarters of the United States Lighthouse Board.B.Many of the tallest lighthouses were built there.C.The first lantern wicks were developed there.D.The first lighthouse in North A

48、merica was built there.(3).It can be inferred from the passage that lighthouses in the Northeast did NOT need high towers because _.（分数：3.00）A.ships there had high mastsB.coastal waters were safeC.the coast was straight and unobstructedD.the lighthouses were built on high places(4).According to the

49、passage, where can the tallest brick lighthouse in the United States be found?（分数：3.00）A.Little Brewster Island.B.The Florida Keys.C.Cape Hatteras.D.Cape Cod.(5).We can know from the passage that the coast of North Carolina is _.（分数：3.00）A.rocky eminencesB.high and flatC.low and sandyD.high and sandy七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Please Fasten Your SeatbeltsSevere turbulence (湍流) can kill aircraft passengers. Now, in test flights over the Rocky Mountains, NASA (美国航空航天局) engineers have successfully detected clear-air turbulence up to 10 seconds before an aircraft hits it. Clear-air tur