职称英语理工类B级模拟60及答案解析.doc

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1、职称英语理工类 B级模拟 60及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.He didn“t ignore her intentionally just didn“t recognize her.（分数：1.00）A.absolutelyB.deliberatelyC.noticeablyD.sufficiently2.By the 1930s, the wolf had vanished from the American West.（分数：1.00）A.disappearedB.arrivedC.leftD.depar

2、ted3.Let“s explore this issue more fully.（分数：1.00）A.investigateB.imploreC.ventureD.explode4.The dentist has decided to extract her bad tooth.（分数：1.00）A.take outB.repairC.push inD.dig5.This table is strong and durable .（分数：1.00）A.eternalB.far-reachingC.extensiveD.long-lasting6.It is advisable to wear

3、 sunscreen when out in the sun.（分数：1.00）A.possibleB.profitableC.easyD.sensible7.She is incapable of doing the demanding job.（分数：1.00）A.qualified ofB.incompetent withC.good atD.ignorant of8.She exhibited great powers of endurance during the climb.（分数：1.00）A.playedB.sentC.showedD.told9.The U. S. faces

4、 severe economic problems.（分数：1.00）A.slightB.severalC.successiveD.serious10.You should cultivate the habit of reading carefully.（分数：1.00）A.inventB.beginC.developD.initiate11.The sports meet was postponed owing to the heavy rain.（分数：1.00）A.put upB.put awayC.put offD.put on12.I asked her if she would

5、allow me to interview her, and she readily agreed.（分数：1.00）A.willinglyB.suddenlyC.firmlyD.quickly13.Apparently in interviews he refuses to talk about his private life.（分数：1.00）A.familyB.personalC.miserableD.unhappy14.The excitement of hunting big game in Africa has been a lure to Europeans for 200 y

6、ears.（分数：1.00）A.errorB.functionC.attractionD.miracle15.Norman Blamey is an artist of deep convictions .（分数：1.00）A.claimsB.suggestionsC.beliefsD.statements二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)First Self-contained Heart ImplantedA patient on the brink of death has received the world“s first self-contained artif

7、icial hearta battery-powered device about the size of a softball that runs without the need for wires, tubes or hoses sticking out of the chest. Two surgeons from the University of Louisville implanted the titanium and plastic pump during a seven-hour operation at Jewish Hospital Monday. The hospita

8、l said the patient was “awake and responsive“ Tuesday and resting comfortably. It refused to release personal details. The patient had been expected to die within a month without the operation, and doctors said they expected the artificial heart to extend the person“s life by only a month. But the d

9、evice is considered a major step toward improving the patient“s quality of life. The new pump, called AbioCor, is also a technological leap from the mechanical hearts used in the 1980s, which were attached by wires and tubes to bulky machinery outside the body. The most famous of those, the Jarvic-7

10、, used air as a pumping device and was attached to an apparatus about the size of a washing machine. “I think it“s potentially a major step forward in the artificial heart development,“ said Dr. David Faxon, president of the American Heart Association. However, he said the dream of an implantable, p

11、ermanent artificial heart is not yet a reality, “This is obviously an experimental device whose long-term success has to be demonstrated.“ Only about half of the 4,200 Americans on a waiting list for donor hearts received them last year, and most of the rest died. Some doctors, including Robert Higg

12、ins, chairman of cardiology at the Medical College of Virginia in Richmond, said artificial hearts are unlikely to replace donor hearts. “A donor heart in a good transplant can last 15 to 30 years,“ he said. “It“s going to be hard to replace that with a machine.“ The AbilCor has a 2-pound pumping un

13、it, and electronic controls that adjust the pumping speed based on the body“s needs. It is powered by a small battery pack worn outside the body that transmits current through the skin.（分数：7.00）(1).The pump of the first implanted self-contained heart was made of titanium and plastic.（分数：1.00）A.Right

14、B.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The patient“s life was expected to last several years longer by implanting the artificial heart.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).There is no difference in structure between the self-contained heart and the mechanical heart.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).

15、The American Heart Association recommended widely using the self-contained heart.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Dr. David Faxon believed that the implantable, permanent artificial heart will certainly be developed in the future.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).Approximately two t

16、housand one hundred patients received heart implantation in America last year.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Some doctors doubt the possibility of donor hearts being replaced by artificial ones.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)The iPad1. The iPad is a

17、tablet computer (平板电脑) designed and developed by Apple. It is particularly marketed as a platform for audio and visual media such as books, periodicals (期刊), movies, music, and games, as well as web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight are between those of most contemporary

18、smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days. 2. The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone. It can run its own applications as well as ones developed for iPhone. Without modification, it will only run pro

19、grams approved by Apple and distributed via its online store. 3. Like iPhone and iPod Touch, the iPad is controlled by a multitouch displaya break from most previous tablet computers, which uses a pressure-triggered stylus (触控笔). The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse (浏览) the Internet, loa

20、d and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to GSM 3G data networks. The device is managed and synchronized (同步) by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable. 4. An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execu

21、te different and interesting things. There are lots of iPad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate. Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options. One of the most common uses is for e-mail services, iPad applications like Markdown Mail

22、 allow the adoption of specific and particular options. They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts. 5. While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users. Some companies are adopting iPads in their business offices by distributing or making availabl

23、e iPads to employees. Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients, medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams, and managers approving employee requests. A survey by Frost and Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of i

24、ncreased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1 A. Online stores B. Differences from iPhone C. Display and data connection D. Business usage E. Features and applications F. Operating system（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 4 1（分数：1.0

25、0）(4).Paragraph 5 1（分数：1.00）(5).In April 2010 the iPad developed by Apple was 1. A. modified B. increased C. personalized D. browsed E. distributed F. released（分数：1.00）(6).The iPad will only run programs approved by Apple if not 1.（分数：1.00）(7).iPad applications enable the owner“s email accounts to b

26、e 1.（分数：1.00）(8).iPad usage in offices enables employee productivity to be 1.（分数：1.00）四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Food FrightExperiments under way in several labs aim to create beneficial types of genetically modified (GM) foods, including starchier potatoes and caffeine-free cof

27、fee beans. Genetic engineers are even trying to transfer genes from a cold-water fish to make a frost-resistant tomato. A low-sugar GM strawberry now in the works might one day allow people with health problems such as diabetes to enjoy the little delicious red fruits again. GM beans and grains supe

28、rcharged with protein might help people at risk of developing kwashiorkor. Kwashiorkor, a disease caused by severe lack of protein, is common in parts of the world where there are severe food shortages. Commenting on GM foods, Jonathon Jones, a British researcher, said, “The future benefits will be

29、enormous, and the best is yet to come.“ To some people, GM foods are no different from unmodified foods. “A tomato is a tomato,“ said Brian Sansoni, an American food manufacturer. Critics of GM foods challenge Sansoni“s opinion. They worry about the harm that GM crops might do to people, other anima

30、ls, and plants. In a recent lab study conducted at Cornell University, scientists tested pollen made by Bt corn, which makes up one-fourth of the U.S. corn crop. The scientist sprinkled the pollen onto milkweed, a plant that makes a milky juice and is the only known food source of the monarch butter

31、fly caterpillar. Within four days of munching on the milkweed leaves, almost half of a test group of caterpillars had died. “Monarchs are considered to be a flagship species for conservation,“ said Cornel1 researcher Linda Raynor. “This is a warning bell.“ Some insects that are not killed by GM food

32、s might find themselves made stronger. How so? The insecticides used to protect most of today“s crops are sprayed on the crops when needed and decay quickly in the environment. But GM plants produce a continuous level of insecticide. Insect species feeding on those crops may develop resistance to th

33、e plants and could do so in a hurry, say the critics. Insects may also develop a resistance to the insecticide Bt. At the forum on GM food held last year in Canada, GM crops that have been made resistant to the herbicide might crossbreed with wild plants, creating “superweeds“ that could take over w

34、hole fields. So where do you stand? Should GM foods be banned in the United States, as they are in parts of Europe? Or do their benefits outweigh any of the risks they might carry?（分数：15.00）(1).Paragraphs 1, 2 generalise abstract ideas from specific experience; and, conversely, compile detailed plan

35、s of action from general commands such as “earn a living“ or “make more robots“. The Moravec manifesto(宣告) runs something like this. As robots start to become useful in generation one, they“ll begin to take on many tasks in industry. Driven by the availability of this cheap and tireless labour force

36、, the economy will boom and the demand for robots will grow so rapidly that they will soon become low-cost commodity items. So much so that they“ll move into the home, where the domestic robot will relieve us of many chores. With increasing automation in generations two and three, the length of the

37、average working day will plummet , eventually to near zero. Most people will be unemployed as robots take over not just primary industry, but the service economy too. Moravec sees the fourth generation as an opportunity to surpass our human limitations. These future machines will be our “mind childr

38、en“. Like biological children of previous generations, they will embody humanity“s best hope for a long-term future.（分数：15.00）(1).What will be the distinctive feature of the second generation robots?（分数：3.00）A.They will be able to recognize speeches and texts.B.They will be able to learn by themselv

39、es.C.They will be able to predict problems.D.They will be able to match human reasoning and behaviour.(2).Which of the following statements is true of the future robots?（分数：3.00）A.They will relieve us of many chores.B.They will take over the information industry.C.They will never surpass us.D.They w

40、ill become high-cost commodity items.(3).The author“s main purpose is to _.（分数：3.00）A.describe the life of Hans MoravecB.support the view that robots will play a major role in our lifeC.make fun of the views of Hans MoravecD.get people prepared for the threat of future robots(4).The word “ plummet “

41、 in paragraph 6 means _.（分数：3.00）A.decreaseB.stretchC.extendD.grow(5).What does Moravec think of these future robots?（分数：3.00）A.They will look like previous biological children.B.They will be humans“ mind-children.C.They will create a dangerous world.D.They will rule the world.八、第 5部分：补全短文(总题数：1，分数：

42、10.00)SleepSleep is part of a person“s daily activity cycle. There are several different stages of sleep, and they too occur in cycles. 1 When you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your temperature will drop slightly, your muscles will relax, and your breathing will slow

43、 and become quite regular. Your brain waves slow down a bit too, with the alpha rhythm (节律) of rather fast waves predominating for the first few minutes. 2 For the next half hour or so, as you relax more and more, you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. 3 Then about 40 to 60 minutes a

44、fter you lose consciousness you will have reached the deepest sleep of all. Your brain waves will show the large slow waves that are known as the delta rhythm. This is stage 4 sleep. You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber,

45、 your brain activity level will increase again slightly. 4 Your eyes will begin to dart around under your closed eyelids as if you were looking at something occurring in front of you. 5 It is during REM sleep period, your body will soon relax again, your breathing will grow slow and regular once mor

46、e, and you will slip gently back from stage 1 to stage 4 sleep-only to rise once again to the surface of near consciousness some 80 minutes later. A. The delta rhythm will disappear, to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. B. If you are an average sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follo

47、ws. C. In stage 4 sleep people tend to dream. D. The lower your stage of sleep, the slower your brain waves will be. E. This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some 8 to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. F. This is called stage 1 sleep.（分数：10.00）九、第 6部分：完形填空(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Avalanche and Its Sa

48、fetyAn avalanche(崩) is a sudden and rapid flow of snow, often mixed with air and water, down a mountainside. Avalanches are 1 the biggest dangers in the mountains for both life and property. All avalanches are caused by an over-burden of material, typically snowpack(积场), that is too massive and unst

49、able for the slope 2 supports it. Determining the critical load, the amount of over-burden which is 3 to cause an avalanche, 4 a complex task involving the evaluation of a number of factors. Terrain slopes flatter than 25 degrees or steeper than 60 degrees typically have a low 5 of avalanche. Snow does not 6 significantly on steep slopes; also, snow does not 7 easily on flat slopes. Human-triggered avalanches have the greatest incidence when the snow“s angle of rest is 8 35 and 45 degrees; the critical angle, the angle at which the human incidence of avalanches is greatest, is 38