公共英语五级真题2010年06月及答案解析.doc

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1、公共英语五级真题 2010年 06月及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Read the following text and fill each of the numbered spaces with one suitable word. Write your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.Americathe great “melting pot“has always been a rich blend of cultural

2、traditions from all over the world. Many American families can trace their histories U U 1 /U /Uimmigrant ancestors who traveled great U U 2 /U /U, enduring risk and hardship, to make a home U U 3 /U /Uthey would be guaranteed basic freedoms. And for many American families, these freedoms came U U 4

3、 /U /Ua struggle. Their parents and grandparents were deprived of the basic rights we value.American society was founded U U 5 /U /Ufreedom from religious persecution and on tolerance of U U 6 /U /Uin beliefs and cultural heritage. The differences (or diversity) that come U U 7 /U /Upeople from all

4、over the world enrich our culture, bringing new ideas and energy. Today, more than U U 8 /U /U, children have opportunities to interact with U U 9 /U /Uof differing ethnicities, religions, and cultures. Classrooms are increasingly U U 10 /U /U, reflecting the communities where families live and work

5、.Some parents welcome the fact that we live in an increasingly diverse U U 11 /U /U. Others may feel more hesitant, especially if they have not had much exposure U U 12 /U /Upeople different from U U 13 /U /U. Many children are way ahead of their U U 14 /U /Uin terms of exposure to cultural differen

6、ces. Their circle of friends, their schoolmates, and their athletic teams are much more varied than U U 15 /U /Uof even a generation ago.Why is it important for parents to U U 16 /U /Utheir children prepare to live, learn, and work in communities that will become even more diverse? Teaching toleranc

7、e is important U U 17 /U /Ujust because it is part of our American heritage but U U 18 /U /Uthe person who learns to be open to differences will have more opportunity in education, in business, and in so many U U 19 /U /Uways.In U U 20 /U /U, your childs success depends on it. Success in todays worl

8、dand tomorrowsdepends on being able to understand, appreciate, and work with others.（分数：20.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、BText 1

9、/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Paolo Fril, chairman and scientific officer of GeneDupe, based in San Melito, California, is a man with a dream. The dream is a dragon in every home.GeneDupes business is biotech pets. Not for Dr. Fill, though, the cloning of dead cats and dogs. He plans a range of entirely new anim

10、alsor, rather, of really quite old animals, with the twist that when they did exist, it was only in the imagination.Making a mythical creature real is not easy. But GeneDupes team of biologists and computer scientists reckon they are equal to the task. Their secret is a new field, which they call “v

11、irtual cell biology“.Biology and computing have a lot in common, since both are about processing informationin one case electronic; in the other, biochemical. Virtual cell biology aspires to make a software model of a cell that is accurate in every biochemical detail. That is possible because all an

12、imal cells use the same parts listmitochondria for energy processing, the endoplasmic reticulum for making proteins, Golgi body for protein assembly, and so on.Armed with their virtual cell, GeneDupes scientists can customize the result so that it belongs to a particular species, by loading it with

13、a virtual copy of that animals genome. Then, if the cell is also loaded with the right virtual molecules, it will behave like a fertilized egg, and start dividing and developingfirst into embryo, and ultimately into an adult.Because this “growth“ is going on in a computer, it happens fast. Passing f

14、rom egg to adult in one of GeneDupes enormous Mythmaker computers takes less than a minute. And it is here that Charles Darwin gets a look in. With such a short generation time, GeneDupes scientists can add a little evolution to their products.Each computer starts with a search image (dragon, unicor

15、n, griffin, etc), and the genome of the real animal most closely resembling it (a lizard for the dragon, a horse for the unicorn and most taxingly, the spliced genomes of a lion and an eagle for the griffin). The virtual genomes of these real animals are then tweaked by random electronic mutations.

16、When they have matured, the virtual adults most closely resembling the targets are picked and cross-bred, while the others are culled.Using this rapid evolutionary process, GeneDupes scientists have arrived at genomes for a range of mythological creaturesin a computer, at least. The next stage, on w

17、hich they are just embarking, is to do it for real.This involves synthesizing, with actual DNA, the genetic material that the computer models predict will produce the mythical creatures. The synthetic DNA is then inserted into a cell that has had its natural nucleus removed. The result, Dr. Fill and

18、 his commercial backers hope, will be a real live dragon, unicorn or what you have. Dr. Fril is confident about his new idea. Indeed, if be can get the dragons respiration correct, he thinks they will set the world on fire.（分数：5.00）(1).Dr. Frils new ambition is to clone A.pets in general. B.rare ani

19、mals. C.prehistoric animals. D.imaginary animals.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Now GeneDupes scientists are trying to find out A.the existence of mythical animals. B.the causes for the extinction of some animals. C.the similarities between biology and computing. D.the possibilities of creating mythical creat

20、ures.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The research is based on A.general genetic engineering theory. B.the development of computing technology. C.the theory of cross-breeding of different species. D.animals biochemical information processing.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The team has chosen a lizard for the dragon as th

21、ey think these creatures A.have the same genome. B.have similar appearances. C.belong to the same species. D.possess the same genetic structure.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Dr. Fril and his team think they will succeed A.with the advancement of computer sciences. B.as they have worked out genomes by compute

22、r. C.when they find the actual DNA. D.if they get enough commercial backers.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、BText 2/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Cultural globalization, for many, means Westernization or Americanization. An important distinction concerning todays cultural globalization is that it is largely driven by corporat

23、ions, rather than countries. As such, one of the central concerns is the spread of consumer culture. For many critics, non-Western culture and practices are at risk of being overwhelmed by homogenizing “Mc-Donaldization“.Skeptics contend that the erosion of culture has been overstated. They point to

24、 evidence that local culture remains strong. Cultural interactions have taken place for centuries so to argue non-Western cultural are somehow pure is naive. In a sense, the cultural degradation argument dismisses the ability of non-Western people to control their destiny and incorporate those attri

25、butes they may find useful. What is more, some argue that national identities are founded on real differences that have continued salience.Other skeptics point to the growth of ethnic and nationalist movements in the post-Cold War world as evidence that these sources of identity remain strong. Inten

26、se interaction may make people more cognizant of difference and lead to conflict. Information technology may, in fact, intensify traditional identities. Cultural globalization involves processes of unequal power, which brings traditions and identities into question. Where ethnic and religious groups

27、 feel threatened by globalization, there is the potential for conflict.Migration is a significant aspect of globalization that has not only economic but also social and cultural effects. While migration is not unique to the present age, communication and transportation technologies allow migrants a

28、greater opportunity to maintain links with their homelands. More porous borders raise questions about notions of citizenship and identity. While challenges to national identity may come from supranational entities such as the European Union, globalization at the same time may facilitate the triggeri

29、ng of more local, particularistic identities.There is some disagreement on where this is all going and whether globalization could come to an end. Clearly the openness and interconnectedness that emerged in the late 1800s was not permanent. The 1930s saw the major powers carving out spheres of influ

30、ence and blocking out others. From a broader historical perspective, however, that may have been a hiccup. Whereas before the end of the American Civil War it took months to go by ship from one coast of the US to the other. The transcontinental railroad cut the trip to a week by 1870 and today it is

31、 a matter of a few hours by plane. There was some discussion after 9.11 whether the need for security would bring an end to the era of globalization. In some areas, such as educational exchanges, there has been an impact. Overall, however, the flow of goods, people, and messages of peace and war con

32、tinue unabated some five years later. In many respects, therefore, globalization is not going away. The challenge for humanity, then, is to direct these forces in peaceful and beneficial ways.（分数：5.00）(1).Critics of cultural globalization believe that A.traditional identities are being threatened by

33、 Western culture. B.national identities are based on differences. C.identities are broken down due to communication and migration. D.ethnic conflicts are caused by Westernization or Americanization.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Skeptics defend their opinion by stating A.current cultural globalization is not

34、driven by countries. B.the power of non-Western cultures is underestimated. C.non-Western cultures are pure. D.cultural globalization is not a new tendency.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).What do ethnic and nationalist movements prove? A.Globalization may trigger conflicts between religious groups, B.Tradition

35、al identities are having a tough time. C.Cultural identities are resistant to change. D.National identities are in the process of degrading.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The word “cognizant“ (line 3, para. 3) possibly means A.aware. B.defensive. C.ignorant. D.confident.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The author of this

36、 article A.tries to sound neutral by giving equal weight on both sides. B.believes that cultural globalization can be beneficial to humans. C.argues that information technology plays a role in breaking national identities. D.agrees that organizations such as Ell are blocking out other countries.（分数：

37、1.00）A.B.C.D.七、BText 3/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)On November 5th 1605, a band of English Catholic hotheads planned to detonate 36 barrels of gunpowder under the House of Lords. The scheme would have destroyed the nation by wiping out MPs, lords, bishops and the king. For sheer terrorist ambition, the plot rem

38、ains unmatched. So why has this plan, and the capture, torture and public execution of the leading conspirators, been celebrated in Britain for the past four centuries?“Gods Secret Agents“ suggests one reason why: anti-Catholic paranoia. The plot was the “popish“ outrage that Protestants had expecte

39、d and warned about for half a century. Such fears had resulted in fines, strict laws and show trials of Jesuit missionaries. It is as though Anglicanisma vague and ambiguous creed, even in its early daysrequired an enemy against which to test itself.Before 1605, the threat from Catholicism was mostl

40、y imaginary. Attempts to re-establish the old religion in England were doomed to failure. Missionaries concentrated on the nobility, reckoning they would in turn convert the rest of the population, but this was to misunderstand English society. Worst, the missionaries received little support from Ro

41、me or Spain. The Gunpowder Plot was a desperate last heave by men who had already failed.It was also a gift to the authorities. The plot had been so wide-ranging that every pillar of the statemonarchy, church, nobility and Parliamentcould interpret its survival as an act of divine providence. All ha

42、d an interest in keeping the memory of Catholic perfidy alive. As one preacher put it in 1636, the day was “never to be cancelled out of the calendar, but to be written in every mans heart for ever.“But then, something rather odd happened. What began as a celebration of the status quo became the opp

43、osite. By the 18th century, Bonfire Night had become an excuse for violence and barely disguised extortion. Respectable citizens who tried to suppress it were burned in effigy for their pains, alongside the popea tradition that survives in the Sussex town of Lewes.This peculiar transformation is the

44、 subject of Gunpowder Plots, a book of essays. It is a mixed bag, but two stand out: an elegant account of the evolution of Bonfire Night by David Cressy, a historian, and a nerdy and fascinating treatise on gunpowder and fireworks by Brenda Buchanan. The latter contains an intriguing detail. A rece

45、ipt dated November 1605 from the Board of Ordnance mentions that the gunpowder recovered from Parliament was “decaied“i. e. moist. Perhaps the plot that Britons have celebrated all this time would have been rather a damp firework.（分数：5.00）(1).In 1605, a group of English religious fanatics A.wiped ou

46、t MPs, lords, bishops and the king. B.exploded the House of Lords with gunpowder. C.conspired a plot against the nation unequalled in history. D.were terrified with torture and public execution after their capture.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According to the text, Protestants A.were put on public trial by

47、he Catholics. B.faced persecution by the Catholics before 1605. C.failed to establish Anglicanism because of opposition from the Catholics. D.feared that Anglicanism would be threatened by Catholicism.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Failure to re-establish Catholicism was due to the following EXCEPT A.opposition of the nobility. B.lack of attention to the general pub