公共英语五级-194及答案解析.doc

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1、公共英语五级-194 及答案解析(总分：97.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、BPart A/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I You will hear a dialogue about a lost property. Listen and complete the sentences in questions 15 with the information youve heard. Write not more than 5 words in each numbered box. You will hear the reco

2、rding twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the table below./IThe speaker makes the announcement before 1You may be interested in 2Smoking is prohibited in the toilet 3Any questions from passengers will be dealt with 4In preparation for taking off you must ensure that your seal belts5（分数：5.00）填空项 1

3、:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)I You will hear a conversation about a crime. Answer questions 6-10 while you listen. Use not more than 5 words for each answer. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25 seconds to read the questions./I（分数：5.00）(1).What kind of city i

4、s Tokyo?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What were the two disasters that destroyed the city of Tokyo?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Why were many new stadiums, parks, and hotels built?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Which problem is not mentioned in the passage?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What is the main idea of the passage?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_

5、四、BPart C/B(总题数：3，分数：11.00)I You will hear three dialogues or monologues. Before listening to each one. You will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answer. You will hear each

6、 piece once only./I（分数：4.00）(1).Why did Jane want to go back to work? A. Because she was bored with her husband. B. Because she would like to help with the familys finances. C. Because she was offered a good job. D. Because she was bored with her children.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How did Jane spend her

7、days before she went back to work? A. Watching TV. B. Taking good care of her husband. C. Doing housework. D. Reading newspaper.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Between whom did the problem arise when Jane went back to work? A. Jane and the children. B. Jane and Bill. C. Bill and the children. D. Jane and the n

8、eighbour.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What does the story try to tell us? A. Parents should take good care of their children. B. Man and wife should share household duties. C. Women should never have their own careers. D. Women should do all the housework.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：3.00）(1).What is the relationsh

9、ip between the two speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Shop assistant and customer. C. Travel agent and traveler. D. Bus driver and tourist.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).How many people in a group? A. Eight. B. Ten. C. Eleven. D. Twelve.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).How long in advance does a tourist have to book? A

10、. 6 or 8 months B. 10 weeks C. 6 or 8 weeks D. 10 months（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：4.00）(1).The Internet began its quick development since _ . A. six years ago B. five years ago C. recently D. not mentioned（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Beginners are advised to _ . A. register with a small-scale provider B. use a c

11、heaper access C. use an expensive way D. do things themselves（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).From the passage we know the telnet _ . A. is a concentrated network B. helps to download information from many networks C. helps you to send electronic mail D. can be operated from any personal computer（分数：1.00）A.B.C.

12、D.(4).Telnet can be used to _ . A. send electronic mail B. watch a film on your computer C. read a book in a library D. read information which consists of sound（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.五、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)I Read the following text. Choose the best word for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or

13、 D on ANSWER SHEET 1./IBelieve it or not, airlines really are trying to do better. They promised to improve customer service last year U U 1 /U /Upressure from a Congress which was U U 2 /U /Ustories of nightmare flights.So why is it that flying is getting U U 3 /U /Ufor so many passengers, U U 4 /U

14、 /Uairlines are spending billions of dollars to improve service, U U 5 /U /Uin new equipment such as mobile check-in stations and portable phone banks so travelers can quickly U U 6 /U /Ua flight when it is delayed or cancelled? The fact is that air travel has U U 7 /U /Ubeen such an annoyance, and

15、customer complaints to the Transportation Department doubled in 1999 U U 8 /U /U1998.It seems Mother Nature would U U 9 /U /Upeople by bus this year. An unusual run of bad weather, U U 10 /U /Ulong walls of thunderstorms, has crippled airports lately and led to widespread delays and cancellations. A

16、fter similar problems last summer, the FAA promised to work more closely with airlines U U 11 /U /Uweather slowdowns for example, FAA and airline representatives now gather at a single location in Herndon, Va. , to U U 11 /U /Uthe best way to allocate the available airspace. But even the FAA U U 13

17、/U /Uthe new initiative has fallen U U 14 /U /Uof expectations, and many passengers complain that the delays seem U U 15 /U /UPart of the problem is overcrowded planes. U U 16 /U /Uthe strong economy, US airlines are expected to carry a record 665 million passengers this year, up 5 percent from last

18、 year. On U U 17 /U /U, planes are about 76 percent full these days, also a U U 18 /U /U. Thats good news for the Transport Department, which are profitably loading more passengers U U 19 /U /Ueach flight, and bad news for passengers, U U 20 /U /Uirritations build rapidly in tight quarters.（分数：20.00

19、）(1). A. under B. below C. beneath D. beyond（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(2). A. held back by B. fed up with C. taken in by D. filled in with（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3). A. inferior B. worse C. desperate D. fatal（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4). A. as if B. so that C. even though D. now that（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5). A. upgrading B. p

20、urchasing C. installing D. investing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(6). A. reclaim B. reserve C. recall D. rebook（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(7). A. never B. often C. also D. always（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(8). A. since B. upon C. over D. from（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(9). A. persist B. presume C. prefer D. permit（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(10). A. f

21、eaturing B. capturing C. distinguishing D. characterizing（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(11). A. charged with B. responding to C. replying to D. abiding by（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(12). A. draw in B. follow up C. figure out D. set aside（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(13). A. admits B. allows C. reveals D. claims（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(14).

22、A. lagging B. lacking C. scarce D. short（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(15). A. absolute B. arbitrary C. plentiful D. superfluous（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(16). A. According to B. Except for C. Thanks to D. Based on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(17). A. calculation B. average C. estimate D. total（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(18). A. fantasy B. mo

23、nument C. legend D. record（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(19). A. at B. for C. lover D. on（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(20). A. since B. although C. unless D. if（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.六、BSection Readi(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、BPart A/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、BPassage 1/B(总题数：1，分数：1.00)1.According to the author, the importance of greenspace in the

24、 urban environment _. A. is being closely studied B. is usually neglected C. has been fully recognized D. is still unknown（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.九、BPassage 2/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Ever since Gregor Mendel s famous experiments with hybrid sweet peas, it has been known that there must be unitary elements within t

25、he cells which exert control over inherited characteristics, and for a long time there was considerable speculation about what these were. These elements came to be known as genes, and although they were long treated as hypothetical constructs, a great deal of knowledge about them slowly accumulated

26、. It came to be known, for example, that each gene had to be passed along virtually unchanged from generation to generation; that there must be many thousands of these particles in every human cell, distributed unevenly among the twenty-three pairs of chromosomes; that each gene must occupy a very d

27、efinite place (locus) on its chromosome; and that each pair of homologous chromosomes had to contain homologous assortments of genes, arranged with few exceptions in precisely the same order on each member of the chromosome pail s. A wonderfully complex and fruitful system thus emerged about an aspe

28、ct of the world which no one has ever directly observed. Let us now briefly turn to some of the newly acquired insights which have greatly expanded the already impressive theory of genetics.Genes are, of course, too small to be seen even by the most powerful electron microscopes, but recent research

29、 by geneticists, microbiologists, and biochemists has rapidly advanced our information about their constitution and action. The chemical substance of which the genes and thus the chromosomes are made, is now known to be deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), a giant molecule containing a double-spiral strand

30、of material which embodies the genetic code. The chromosomes consist of long strands of DNA, which, although it is capable of transmitting vastly complex “code messages“, is comprised of combinations of only four primary chemical subunits, or “code letters“. This great insight into the structure and

31、 functioning of genetic material, which was first proposed by James D. Watson and Francis H. C. Crick in 1953, involves a new description of what genes are like. A gene is simply a specific portion of the double-spiral strand of DNA which consists of a particular combination of the code letters that

32、 spell out a particular code word.Various combinations of the four code letters, forming different code words, provide the biochemical information used in the construction of the different proteins in the cell. Many of these proteins act as enzymes. The enzymes, as has been pointed out above, are th

33、e biological catalysts which direct all the chemical or metabolic reactions that are going on continuously in all cells. These metabolic functions are, of course, the basis of all the physical growth and development of any living organism.The code is embodied in the DNA of the chromosomes and genes,

34、 but exactly how does this code deter mine the production of proteins. Obviously, the code must be transmitted to the sites at which the actual work of protein synthesis is carried out. The material which accomplishes this task is ribonucleic acid (RNA, a substance very similar to DNA and complement

35、ary to it. From the code site on the linear DNA molecule, which is the gene), RNA, the messenger, carries the code to the cellular particles out into the cytoplasm of the cell, where proteins are manufactured. This messenger RNA provides the pattern, and another type of RNA, transfer RNA, collects f

36、rom within the cytoplasm the raw materials, the amino acids, from which the proteins are made. With the pattern and the materials, the proteins are formed, one step at a time. These proteins act as enzymes or biological catalysis. They exist in all living organisms and control their growth and funct

37、ion through the control of the chemical transformations involved in metabolism. A very large number of enzymes are present in any living creature, and the absence or malformation of any enzyme can destroy the normal sequence of metabolism of a given biochemical substance.We can thus see that genetic

38、 activity takes the form of biochemical regulation, the genes determining the formation of enzymes. In this sense, all genetic disorders are primarily metabolic defects (Garrod, 1908). A defective or changed gene will in turn produce a change in the protein with which it is associated. The only resu

39、lt of such a change may be a slight alteration in the function of the protein, and there may thus be little or no observable effect. If the change or defect takes place within the code message for an essential element of the protein, however, the enzyme activity of this protein may be rendered compl

40、etely inactive. If this happens, the result can be grave trouble: perhaps death, serious disease, or severe mental retardation due to poisoning of the central nervous system by a metabolite that is toxic to this system. The error in enzyme synthesis may begin to be important, so that the structure o

41、f the central nervous system is faulty almost from the beginning of embryonic life, or it may become important much later in the life cycle.It is quite likely that, in the foreseeable future, many essential biochemical processes will be understood in terms of the precise genetic codes responsible fo

42、r them. All of the amino acids have already yielded to such analysis; their codes have been identified. With understanding may come control and prevention, such as may be possible by administration of the lacking enzymes, dietary control of substances which the individual is unable to metabolize, or

43、 transplantation of normal tissue to the diseased individual to correct the metabolic error.（分数：5.00）(1).Genes determine through complex biochemical processes the structure and rate in which _ . A. proteins are formed B. chromosomes are paired C. enzymes are produced D. cells multiply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.

44、D.(2).The genetic material in the nucleus of the cell is called the _ . A. cytoplasm B. chromosome C. chromatin D. gene（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(3).In man, the body cells contain how many pairs of chromosomes? A. Twenty-two. B. Twenty-three. C. Twenty-six. D. Forty-six.（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From generation t

45、o generation genes _ . A. change location in the chromosome B. change order but not position in the chromosome C. are constantly changing their chemical makeup D. remain virtually unchanged（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.(5).The genetic code is embodied in _ . A. the proteins of the genes B. the DNA C. a double-sp

46、iral atom D. genes（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.十、BPassage 3/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Whos to blame? The trail of responsibility goes beyond poor maintenance of British railways, say industry critics. Stingy governments-both Labor and T9ry-have cut down on investments in trains and rails. In the mid-1990s a Conservative government pushed through the sale of the entire subsidy-guzzling rail network. Operating franchises were parceled out among private companies and a separate firm, Railtrack, was awarded ownership of the tracks and stations. In the future, the theory ran back then, the pr