公共英语五级-27(无听力原文)及答案解析.doc

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1、公共英语五级-27(无听力原文)及答案解析(总分：99.98，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Talk 1(总题数：1，分数：4.00)（分数：4.00）(1).Choose the best answer. Wal-Mart _.（分数：1.00）A.is not the biggest company in AmericaB.gives its customers top priorityC.attracts customers by selling the goods with the lowest prices in AmericaD.makes

2、money from a steadily growing market(2).What happened in 2004 in the Los Angeles suburb of Inglewood suggested that _.（分数：1.00）A.Wal-Mart“s low-price strategy is very successfulB.Wal-Mart has made such a big money that it inspired jealousy in it“s competitorsC.Wal-Mart is so big that small towns cou

3、ld no longer be the right site for its new shopsD.Wal-Mart“s low-price strategy has gone too far that it destroys local economy(3).After the pass of legislation in Maryland _.（分数：1.00）A.Wal-Mart“s workers will organize the union and be protected by itB.the government won“t have to pay for health-car

4、e for Wal-Mart“s workersC.Wal-Mart“s workers will for the first be entitled to free health-careD.Wal-Mart will have to pay for the health-care its workers have(4).Historically, Wal-Mart _.（分数：1.00）A.led the charge in retailing business in terms of its originalityB.has been helped by French and Briti

5、sh retailing companiesC.implemented its low-price strategy to extremes thanks to its Protestant administrationD.had its headquarters in Ozark三、Talk 2(总题数：1，分数：11.00)（分数：11.00）(1).Jim is very 1 about the stock market.（分数：1.00）(2).China“s currency is 1 with the American currency.（分数：1.00）(3).According

6、 to Jim, the same factors observed lead to different 1 about the stock market.（分数：1.00）(4).The foreign trade deficit and the 1 will prevent America from growing in the future.（分数：1.00）(5).Jim noted that the housing boom is actually a 1.（分数：1.00）(6). 1 are competing to push people to buy their own ho

7、mes by giving them easier terms.（分数：1.00）(7).Answer the following questions by circling TRUE or FALSE. The expenses of owning a home would go up with the increase of rates.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(8).The Americans are now borrowing 30 more cents than they are earning.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(9).High oil prices do

8、n“t bother Jim at all since he has got used to it.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(10).It has been increasingly difficult to find new oil fields and meeting the world energy needs would soon be impossible.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(11).In China and India, the increased population of middle class accelerates the supply-and-

9、demand imbalance.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误四、Passage(总题数：1，分数：24.00)How to Ride the Hottest New TrendsThe future is slippery prey, but it“s easier to track when you remember Amara“s Law. Roy Amara, founding member of the Institute for the Future, was one of the first people to think seriously about how to st

10、udy the future. “We tend to overestimate change in the short run,“ he observed, “and underestimate it in the long run.“ In other words, although we expect tomorrow to arrive in a burst of science-fiction flashiness, it often takes longer to arrive. And when it finally does, the real impact of the ch

11、ange is likely to exceed our initial expectations. Consider where we stand in 2005. Much of what we see happening online today is the long-run, large-scale result of changes that many people dismissed only a few years ago. Amid the great tidal wave of innovation in the 1990s, the most interesting st

12、ory was the birth of new business models like Amazon, eBay, and Google. But that“s clear only in hindsight. The innovative fantasies of the dotcom era did bear fruit, but it took a lot longera decade, not five years. So where will the business world be in, say, 2008? I look for small but telling hin

13、ts. In my 15-year-old son Benjamin“s room, for example, he“s uploading a lightsaber duel video he made for a Star Wars fan competition. A digital videocamera and a Mac, and suddenly he becomes Schwartz Productions. Meanwhile, AI Gore“s new cable-television venture, Current TV, aims to be almost enti

14、rely viewer-produced. Marc Benioff, CEO of Salesforce. com, plans to allow his company“s users to develop and share new software applications using simple programming tools. The distinction between consumer and producer, server and served, is beginning to fade, and forward-looking companies understa

15、nd that making money with your customers is even better than making money from them. This next wave of innovation is still being driven by technology. It“s the result of two major forces: ubiquitous broadband and mobile communications. We“re only beginning to grasp what the new economics of informat

16、ion is really all about. The long tail, the subject of a forthcoming book by Wired editor Chris Anderson, is just such an idea. Ubiquitous Web access makes it possible to serve very small niche marketsthe long tail of overall retail sales. The better the Web access, the longer and fatter that tail b

17、ecomes. Suddenly, esoteric books that were headed for the mulch pile acquire economic value. Over the long term, some can even outsell flash-in-the-pan best-sellers. The power of computing and the ability to refine data in novel ways are leading to a new era of connection between customers, employee

18、s, and shareholders. Behind the scenes, a massive information architecture underpins more and more of life“s activities, from consumer purchasing, to working at home, to learning new skills. Technology is pushing us ever deeper, faster, and to higher levels of integration in the emerging knowledge e

19、conomy. Because much of the world has figured out that the secret to sustained growth is a well-educated population, the movement toward a knowledge/ service economy will become increasingly global. China will move from its current industrial-agricultural economy toward one with a sophisticated serv

20、ices sector much faster than we might have expected. And here at home, the competition for the most creative knowledge workers, from digital animators to molecular biologists, will almost certainly leave them in short supply. Such trends set the stage for continuing growth during the next three to f

21、ive years, but the future can also be derailed by nasty surprises. We can see at least two major candidates in the next five years. The first could come from oil markets. Continued high growth in demand, especially in China, will keep markets tight, as developing new capacity fast enough will be ver

22、y difficult. Any further disruption in supplycompounding the results of the hurricane that pounded the Gulf Coastwill trigger a lasting jump in oil prices. It“s not hard to imagine that oil could go from around $60 or $70 a barrel to $80 or even $100. The impact on growth and inflation might finally

23、 begin to bite, leading perhaps to a return to the stagflation of the 1970s with both high inflation and high unemployment. Poor profits as margins erode, higher costs, a weak stock market, and slow growth could create a fragile economy that would reward caution more than innovation. The second disr

24、uptive shock is the possibility of a disease outbreak to rival the 1918 influenza pandemic. It could happen, and if it does, the scale is likely to be amplified by the fact that millions of people are flying around the world every day. SARS showed us how quickly disease can spread, often to surprisi

25、ng places. A major outbreak of, say, avian flu could kill huge numbers of people and disrupt the world economy. The wheels of commerce would grind to a halt as borders closed and the globalised, integrated economy unraveled. Assuming the future is a bit brighter than that, however, enormous opportun

26、ities for new businesses (and threats to old ones) lie on the horizon. Fundamental long-term shifts like the democratization of media access may not revolutionize the world overnight, but they produce subtle and sometimes surprising changes. Remember Amara“s Law, and read on with a pinch of worldly

27、skepticism. Comprehension（分数：23.98）(1).Choose the best answer. Roy Amara -|_|-.（分数：2.18）A.is the very first person who instructed people in how to study the futureB.has spent a long time observing the short-term changeC.believes that it takes longer for inventions in science-fiction to come into bei

28、ngD.believes that people could barely be fully aware of what the change will bring about(2).In the 1990s, -|_|-.（分数：2.18）A.online business was initiatedB.new business models became a trendC.people started to recognize the importance of new business modelsD.new business models were still fantasies(3)

29、.The business world will develop in the way that -|_|-.（分数：2.18）A.children will start their own businesses much earlier than beforeB.there will be closer contact between program producers and their audienceC.software companies will simplify their programming tools to accommodate their usersD.the div

30、iding line between producer and consumer will not be as clear as it was(4).Answer the following questions by using NO MORE THAN three words. What triggers the forthcoming innovation?（分数：2.18）_(5).What could promote the sales of those difficult books?（分数：2.18）_(6).On what are many more human activiti

31、es based?（分数：2.18）_(7).Across the world, what is the direction of economic development?（分数：2.18）_(8).What is the very determinant of the future economic development?（分数：2.18）_(9).Complete the following sentences with NO MORE THAN three words for each blank. 1 and 2 are the two perceived dangers thre

32、atening the economic growth in the 5 years to come.（分数：2.18）(10). 1 would be favoured if economic growth stagnates or gets even worse.（分数：2.18）(11).The infectious diseases can be disastrous due to the convenience of transportation and the 1 nature of today“s economy.（分数：2.18）五、Part (总题数：0，分数：0.00)六、

33、Exercise 1 Use of En(总题数：1，分数：30.00)A = BOOK REVIEW 1 B = BOOK REVIEW 2 C = BOOK REVIEWS 3 D = BOOK REVIEW 4 Which book review(s) contain(s) the following information? ? Comparison of the significance of two economic books 1 ? Stiglitz“s prestige in the field of economics 2 ? Stiglitz“s criticism of

34、 those who exaggerated the power of markets in developing countries 3 ? Stiglitz“s points are convincing in certain areas 4 5 ? Stiglitz“s dedication to the development of poor countries 6 ? Stiglitz“s preference of one type of economic policy over another one 7 ? More people joined Stiglitz in crit

35、icizing free trade and globalization. 8 ? Stiglitz“s points have been supported by what actually happened in the country. 9 ? Mainly gives positive comments on Stiglitz and his new book. 10 A. BOOK REVIEW 1 “The main point of the book is simple: globalization is not helping many poor countries. Inco

36、mes are not rising in much of the world, and adoption of market- based policies such as open capital markets, free trade, and privatization are making developing economies less stable, not more. Instead of a bigger dose of free markets, Stiglitz argues, what“s needed to make globalization work bette

37、r is more and smarter government intervention. While this has been said before, the ideas carry more weight coming from someone with Stiglitz“ credentials. In some ways, this book has the potential to be the liberal equivalent of Milton Friedman“s 1962 classic capitalism and Freedom, which helped pr

38、ovide the intellectual foundation for a generation of conservatives. But Globalization and Its Discontents does not rise to the level of capitalism and freedom. While Stiglitz makes a strong case for government-oriented development policy, he ignores some key arguments in favor of the market.“ The b

39、ook“s main villain is the International Monetary Fund, the Washington organization that lends to troubled countries. Stiglitz“ contempt for the IMF is boundless. “It is clear that the IMF has failed in its mission,“ he declares. “Many of the policies that the IMF pushed have contributed to global in

40、stability.“ B. BOOK REVIEW 2 “While parts of this book are disappointingly shallow, Stiglitz“s critique of the market-driven 90“s still resonates, especially when the business pages are full of stories about white-collar crime and the stock market seems stuck in a perpetual rut. Even the United Stat

41、es cannot blithely assume that financial markets will work on autopilot. It is testament to the salience of Stiglitz“s arguments that many economistseven some Bush administration officialsnow embrace his view that economic change in the developing world must evolve more with local conditions, not on

42、 Washington“s calendar. Without a thorough makeover, globalization could easily become a quagmire.“ Stiglitz shared a Nobel Prize last year for his work analyzing the imperfections of markets. His main complaint against Rubin and Summers, who served as Treasury secretaries, and against Fischer, the

43、No. 2 official and de facto chief executive of the International Monetary Fund, is that they had too much faith that markets could transform poor countries overnight. He labels these three men market fundamentalists, who fought to maintain financial stability with the same urgency that an earlier ge

44、neration struggled to contain communism. Worse, he suggests, they shilled for Wall Street, conflating the interests of the big banks with the financial health of the world. C. BOOK REVIEW 3 “Stiglitz, 58, is hardly the first person to accuse the IMF of operating undemocratically and exacerbating Thi

45、rd World poverty. But he is by far the most prominent, and his emergence as a critic marks an important shift in the intellectual landscape. Only a few years ago, it was possible for pundits to claim that no mainstream economist, certainly nobody of Stiglitz“s stature, took the criticism of free tra

46、de and globalization seriously. Such claims are no longer credible, for Stiglitz is part of a small but growing group of economists, sociologists and political scientists, among them Dani Rodrik of Harvard and Robert Wade of the London School of Economics, who not only take the critics seriously but

47、 warn that ignoring their concerns could have dire consequences.“ Over the past several years, Stiglitz, a celebrated theorist who was awarded the 2001 Nobel Prize in economics for his work on asymmetric information, has grown accustomed to being at the center of controversy. From 1997 to 2000, he s

48、erved as senior vice president and chief economist at the World Banka title that did not stop him from publicly criticizing the bank“s sister institution, the International Monetary Fund. Stiglitz“s outspokenness, unprecedented for a high-ranking insider, infuriated top officials at the IMF and US Treasury Department, and eventually led James Wolfensohn, the World Bank“s preside