翻译资格考试二级综合能力(口译)4及答案解析.doc

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1、翻译资格考试二级综合能力(口译)4 及答案解析(总分：7.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、PART 1 (20 points)(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1).The wavelengths of light and radio waves, unlike high energy gamma radiation, are much shorter.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(2).The speaker believes that a practical solution to the problem of starvation is to remove obstacl

2、es to adequate supply of food rather than to increase production of it.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(3).According to the speaker, it is foolish and childish for a filmmaker to mix his preconceptions with objective truth when he produces a documentary.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(4).In Japanese party politics, th

3、e Liberal Democrats are more prone to stand by their principles than their conservative and nationalist counterparts.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(5).The author believes that, given the similarities between pig and human organs, future technology will allow pig livers to be transplanted to humans.（分数：0.10）

4、A.TrueB.False(6).Bioinformatics is a new computer software technology that makes research findings on genetic engineering publicly available to the public.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(7).Imports from Asian countries are more competitive than U.S. home-made products because of lower wages in Asia and the e

5、xemption of duties for imported goods shipped to the United States.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(8).States should respect international law even if some people are skeptical about its power to be enacted.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(9).The international community should seek other effective methods in establishi

6、ng economic global governance instead of relying on the WTO.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False(10).Economists attribute the world soybean boom to the rise in soybean production in China and its increased export of related products.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False二、PART 2 (20 points)(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1).Why have the America

7、ns developed space shuttle according to the passage?（分数：0.10）A.It is a first step to explore outer space.B.It is a follow-up action of the Apollo moon landings.C.It is a compromise to the exorbitant human expeditions to the Mars.D.It is a compensation for the wishful thinking of human landing on the

8、 Mars.(2).Which of the following statements best describes humor in China?（分数：0.10）A.It is more or less the same in all parts of the country.B.It is drastically different in every part of the country.C.It is distinguished from Hong Kong.D.It is more a verbal act than a physical act in the north.(3).

9、Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：0.10）A.The term “averted vision“ refers to the act of looking out of the corners of ones eyes.B.If you want to see very faint things, you should better look sideways rather than straight on.C.The receptors located in the eyes

10、 center are less sensitive to dim light.D.To “look“ is to see something straight ahead.(4).Which of the following statements is NOT true of the euro?（分数：0.10）A.Sweden refuses to join the euro framework.B.Some big countries tailor the euros rules to their own benefits.C.Euro is not a reliable currenc

11、y in the world market.D.The euro zone is suffering from a sluggish economy.(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true of the passage?（分数：0.10）A.It discusses fertility clinics.B.It defines stem cells.C.It mentions artificial fertilization.D.It identifies the origins of stem cells.(6).Which of

12、the following index represents small-company stocks?（分数：0.10）A.The Dow Jones Industrial.B.The Russell 2000.C.The Wilshire 5000.D.The S while the former learn otherwise inaccessible technology and produce sophisticated goods that compete with domestic American goods, even allowing for shipping charge

13、s and import duties.语义逻辑推理判断。根据原文可知，对于美国海外资本家来说使用外国劳力，尤其是亚洲国家的劳力费用非常低。而这些国家却从此得到先进技术，生产尖端产品。这些产品，即使在增加运费和进口税的水平上仍可与美国国内制造的产品竞争。由此可见海外美国人使用亚洲劳力制造的产品，即使有运费和进口税的压力，仍然可与美国本土制造的产品竞争。显然这与题干中所言进口美国的商品免除税费的说法不相符。因此，题干的说法是错误的。 注意：掌握短语含义。原文中“allowing for”意为“将计算在内”，而题干中“the exemption of”意为“免除”，二者含义正好相反。(8).Sta

14、tes should respect international law even if some people are skeptical about its power to be enacted.（分数：0.10）A.True B.False解析： It is significant that those who regard international law as a form of morality usually speak of it as “mere morality“. Although experienced diplomats do not often share th

15、e popular skepticism about international law, there is a danger that the popular attitude may affect inexperienced officials and pressure groups within a state, and that the state may, as a result, be pushed into breaking international law.因果关系的理解和推断。原文认为公众对国际法的怀疑态度会影响国内那些经验尚不丰富的官员和重要的集团，其结果便是，这种怀疑态

16、度会导致违反国际法。由此可推断，即使一些人对国际法持怀疑态度，国家要尊重该法，才能使国际法得以贯彻实施。显然，题干的含义符合对原文的推断，因此，该题的说法是正确的。 注意：注意识别表因果关系的信号词，以便正确理解因果关系。原文中使用了“as a result”。(9).The international community should seek other effective methods in establishing economic global governance instead of relying on the WTO.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False 解析： A

17、sking for a WTO focused on its trade mission is not to neglect the importance of the other problems the institution has been asked to deal with. But the balance that many countries expect to see in the economic global governance agenda should not be pursued solely at the WTO. The international commu

18、nity should create effective ad-hoc instruments to confront the other challenges.语义逻辑关系的理解和判断。原文最后部分指出国际共同体应该“create effective adhoc instruments to confront the other challenges”即“创造有效、特别的方法面对其他挑战”，而题干中却说国际共同体寻求有效的方法是为了“in establishing economic global governance”即“建立经济的全球管理方式”，显然题干所言的目的与原文不相符，因此，该题的

19、说法是错误的。 注意：掌握表示目的的信号词，有助于快速理解语义。原文中信号词为最后一句中动词不定式短语；而题目中为介词 in 短语。(10).Economists attribute the world soybean boom to the rise in soybean production in China and its increased export of related products.（分数：0.10）A.TrueB.False 解析： Economists say that the main spur to the global soybean boom is the em

20、ergence of a middle class in China, much of whose newly disposable income has been spent on a richer, more varied diet. Over the past decade, China has been transformed from a net exporter of soybeans to the worlds largest importer in some years of whole soybeans as well as oil and meal byproducts.因

21、果关系的理解和判断。根据原文，文中把全球大豆畅销的原因归结为“the emergence of a middle class in China”即“中国中产阶级的出现”，而题干中却将其原因归结为“the rise in soybean production in China and its increased export of related products”即“中国大豆产量的增加和相关产品出口的增加”，显然该说法与原文不符，因此，该题的说法是错误的。 注意：掌握表因果关系的信号词，可以帮助听者做出正确的判断。原文第一句使用系表结构，直截了当说明原因。题干使用了短语 attribute t

22、o(归因于)。二、PART 2 (20 points)(总题数：1，分数：1.00)(1).Why have the Americans developed space shuttle according to the passage?（分数：0.10）A.It is a first step to explore outer space.B.It is a follow-up action of the Apollo moon landings.C.It is a compromise to the exorbitant human expeditions to the Mars. D.It

23、 is a compensation for the wishful thinking of human landing on the Mars.解析：因果关系的判断。根据原文，人类梦想去火星探险，但是“confronted with the costpresidentshave flinched and resorted to halfway measures like the shuttle”即“面临经费问题，美国总统们畏缩了，不得不做出妥协，先发展航天飞机”。由此可见，发展航天飞机只是人类去火星探险梦想的妥协。只有选项 c 符合这种判断，因此该项的说法是正确的。 注意：掌握因果关系的表达

24、法，可快速理解原文。文中使用了过去分词短语 (confronted with)的形式来表示因果关系。(2).Which of the following statements best describes humor in China?（分数：0.10）A.It is more or less the same in all parts of the country.B.It is drastically different in every part of the country.C.It is distinguished from Hong Kong.D.It is more a verb

25、al act than a physical act in the north. 解析：比较结构的识别和理解。关于中国的幽默，原文将南方和北方作了比较，发现南方幽默“more slapstick and physical”即“更为打闹滑稽，强调形体动作”，而北方则“love clever wordplays”即“更喜欢口齿伶俐的文字游戏”。由此可见，只有选项 d 的说法与原文含义相符，因此，选项 d 的说法是正确的。 注意：1)掌握比较表达的结构，本文在平行结构中使用反义词，以提起读者注意；2)掌握近义词替换，原文中 wordplays 与选项中 verbal act (言辞)意思相近。(3)

26、.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?（分数：0.10）A.The term “averted vision“ refers to the act of looking out of the corners of ones eyes.B.If you want to see very faint things, you should better look sideways rather than straight on.C.The receptors located in the eye

27、s center are less sensitive to dim light. D.To “look“ is to see something straight ahead.解析：比较结构的识别和理解。同原文“they avoid using receptors in the eyes center，which are more sensitive to dim light”比较中看，显然选项 c 的说法正好与此相背，因此，选项 c 是正确答案。 注意：掌握所比较的对象之间的关系是该题解题的关键。(4).Which of the following statements is NOT tr

28、ue of the euro?（分数：0.10）A.Sweden refuses to join the euro framework.B.Some big countries tailor the euros rules to their own benefits.C.Euro is not a reliable currency in the world market. D.The euro zone is suffering from a sluggish economy.解析：事实细节的理解和判断。将各选项中关键词与原文对比，发现选项 a 的说法可与原文第一句“Swedens reje

29、ction of the European Unions common currency” 相对应；选项 b 的说法可与原文“big countries like France and Germany，who have bent the euros rules to suit themselves”相对应；选项 d 的说法可与原文“It distanced itself from the stagnant economic performance of the euro zone”相对应；只有选项 c 的说法在原文中找不到对应，因此该项的说法是错误的。 注意：掌握同义词的替换可快速解题。如原文

30、中 rejection 与选项中 refuse 同义；bent the rule to suit themselves 与 tailor the rule to their own benefit 同义，均指为自己利益而调整规则；sluggish 与 stagnant 同义，均指经济的不景气。(5).Which of the following statements is NOT true of the passage?（分数：0.10）A.It discusses fertility clinics. B.It defines stem cells.C.It mentions artific

31、ial fertilization.D.It identifies the origins of stem cells.解析：语义逻辑关系的识别。本题要求识别原文的逻辑结构。原文主要讨论的是 stem cells(干细胞)，如干细胞的定义、起源等，fertility clinics(人工受精)虽有提及，但不属于主要讨论的话题。因此选项 a 的说法符合题义，是正确答案。 注意：掌握主题及支持性细节是解题的关键。本文主题是干细胞，支持性细节是干细胞的定义(原文第一句)及起源(第二句至最后一句)。显然，选项 b、c 和 d 的说法均围绕这一框架。(6).Which of the following

32、index represents small-company stocks?（分数：0.10）A.The Dow Jones Industrial.B.The Russell 2000. C.The Wilshire 5000.D.The S unless nuclear plants are replaced with new ones.”这两种表达均表明作者是赞成建立新型核电站的。(1).Which of the following is NOT true about the new capital according to the report?（分数：0.20）A.Its in the

33、 center area of South Korea.B.It has excellent transport and environmental conditions.C.The relocation will cost $94 million. D.It is not named yet.解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。根据原文第一段最后一句“which lies in the center of South Korea”可知，选项 a 的说法是正确的；根据第二段第二句“The government chose the site of the new capital，which has ye

34、t to be named，over two other areas because of its superior transport and environmental conditions”可知，选项 b 和 d 的说法是正确的；根据第四段第一句“But the relocation-which could cost as much as $94 billion”可知，选项 C 的说法与原文不符，因此该项是正确答案。 注意：掌握情态动词的语法知识是解题的关键。原文中关于费用问题使用了could 表示一种对未来不确切的推测，而选项中的 will 却表达了确切的计划。(2).How larg

35、e is the site?（分数：0.20）A.7,100 acres.B.7,100 hectares. C.70, 100 acres.D.70,100 hectares.解析：数字信息的找寻和判断。根据第二段第一句“for the 7,100-hectare site”可知，选项 b 的说法是正确的。 注意：在数字信息颇多的情况下，迅速排除其它数字信息的干扰。(3).How many years is construction of the new capital scheduled to take?（分数：0.20）A.About 23 years. B.About 27 years

36、.C.About 30 years.D.About 13 years.解析：数字信息的找寻和判断。根据第二段第一句“construction scheduled to start in 2007 and end in 2030”简单计算可知这一项目需约 23 年的时间，因此选项 a 的说法是正确的。 注意：正确找到关键的数字信息，并迅速做出简单的运算或推理。(4).Which of the following is President Roh Moo-hyuns argument for relocation of the capital?（分数：0.20）A.Efficiency of go

37、vernment.B.Environmental protection.C.Decentralization. D.Traffic concerns.解析：特定信息的找寻和判断。根据题干要求找寻到有关韩国总统的说法，发现原文第三段“he said he believed it would help decentralize the country”，由此可见只有 c 的内容与此对应，所以该项是正确答案。 注意：根据题干要求，注意文中相关的特定信息。(5).Which of the following does NOT describe the rival parties opinion on

38、the relocation?（分数：0.20）A.Feasible. B.Impractical.C.Unpopular.D.Inefficient.解析：事实细节的找寻和判断。根据题干要求在原文中找寻反对党的意见，发现原文最后一段关于反对党派的意见有如下说法“have raised questions about the efficiency and feasibility of the project”和“is an unrealistic plan without popular support”，可知他们对该项目的效率和可行性抱怀疑态度，该项目是不现实的，且不受大众欢迎。由此可见，选

39、项 a 的说法与原文不符，因此是正确答案。 注意：识别反义词和近义词的表达。上面分析中前一句中 efficiency， feasibility 需要选项用反义词来对应，后一句中 unrealistic，without popular需要选项用近义词对应。(1).Which of the following is considered a landmark ruling in interracial marriages?（分数：0.20）A.Loving v. Alabama.B.Loving v. Virginia. C.Loving v. U.S.D.Loving v. Richard an

40、d Mildred.解析：特定信息的找寻和判断。根据题干中关键词“a landmark ruling”在原文中找寻与其相关的特定信息部分为原文第一段第二句中“a landmark Supreme Court decision，Loving VVirginia”。由此可见，选项 b 的说法是正确的。 注意：掌握单词的归类。原文中 Supreme Court 和题干中 ruling 同属于法律范畴，因此正确答案就在有 Supreme Court 出现的上下文中。(2).How many marriages in the U.S. are between blacks and whites?（分数：

41、0.20）A.2 million.B.5%.C.2.5%.D.Half a million. 解析：数字信息的找寻和判断。原文关于跨种族通婚的数据颇多，根据题干内容可确定原文第一段最后一句中“almost half a million of them are between blacks and whites”是正确：答案，符合这一说法的只有选项 d。 注意：迅速找寻有关数字信息并做出正确判断。(3).Why is Thomas Jefferson mentioned in this passage?（分数：0.20）A.As an example of interracial intimac

42、y. B.Because he was a slave owner and was strongly against interracial marriages.C.Because he was one of the early advocates of interracial marriages.D.Because he married a black woman.解析：隐含事实的判断。根据原文第三段第一句，可知该句隐含的事实就是 Thomas Jefferson 被当作一个例子来说明“interracial intimacy”。因此，选项 a 的说法是正确的。 注意：正确判断主题句和支持性

43、细节间的关系。Thomas Jefferson 为 interracial intimacy 这一主题的支持性细节，(4).What can be inferred from the passage?（分数：0.20）A.The resistance to interracial marriages in the South still stays firm. B.The number of interracial marriages involving Asians, Latinos and Native Americans is greater than that of black-whi

44、te marriages.C.There were no mixed marriages in Alabama until three years ago.D.The rise of an educated black middle class has increased opportunities for blacks and whites to develop romantic relationships.解析：推理判断题。根据原文第二段第一句“the resistance to mixed nuptials in the South seemed to stay as firm as”即

45、“在南方人们对(黑人和白人间)通婚的行为依然坚决反对”，显然选项 a 的说法是正确的。因此，该项为正确答案。 注意：掌握同义词替换。原文中 mixed nuptials 与选项中interracial marriages 均指不同种族间的通婚。(5).How did interracial marriage get approved in Alabama?（分数：0.20）A.By a Supreme Court ruling.B.By state legislation.C.By a vote of the residents. D.By the social trend that inte

46、rracial marriages keep increasing.解析：特定信息的找寻和判断。通过对 Alabama 婚姻情况这一特定信息进行找寻，发现原文第二段最后一句提到 Alabama 是最后一个放弃混合婚姻禁令的州时说明这是“just a 60%-to-40% vote by residents”，即“当地居民 60%对 40%投票的结果”，这与选项 c 内容吻合。因此，该选项的说法是正确的。 注意：根据数字信息迅速做出推断是解答本题的关键。(1).Which of the following statements is the most appropriate title for

47、the passage?（分数：0.20）A.The Origins of GPSB.The Advantages of GPSC.The Future of GPSD.The Increasing Uses of GPS: Military and Civilian 解析：主旨题。本题要求把握全文结构脉络。本文主要内容是关于 GPS(全球定位系统)的应用。其中，前一部分讨论了 GPS 在军事方面的应用；中间通过 However 实现转折，后一部分集中讨论 GPS 的民用。因此能够反映这种脉络，包含全文主要思想的选项 d 是正确答案。 注意：掌握反映全文结构脉络的信号词，有助于判断全文主旨。本

48、文中第二段首 however 的使用就反映文章的结构走向。(2).Why did the United States first launch satellites into space?（分数：0.20）A.To improve navigation for warplanes and warships. B.To guide smart bombs that home in on moving targets.C.To collect meteorological data.D.To sense remote volcanic eruptions.解析：因果关系的找寻和判断。原文第一段中说

49、美国发射卫星的目的是“in order to improve navigation for fighters，bombers and warships”即“为战斗机、轰炸机和战舰导航”，由此可见，选项 a 的说法与原文相符，是正确答案。 注意：掌握表因果关系的信号词，有助于迅速判断因果关系，从而得到正确答案。如原文中 in order to 短语的使用，便表明了这种关系。(3).How much has the use of precision-guided weapons increased in the past few years?（分数：0.20）A.Less than 6%.B.More than 6%.C.More than 3%. D.Less than 3%.解析：数字信息的找寻和判断。根据题干对数字信息的要求找到原文有关部分“the proportion of such bombs used rose from no more than 3 percent to at least 60 percent”即“这一比例从仅仅3上升到至少 60”，由此可见这一上升区间的最低值为大干等于 3，因此选项 c 的说法符合原文含义，是正确答案。 注